MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

MALAYSIA

SYLLABUS SPECIFICATIONS

CIVIL ENGINEERING STUDIES

TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL CURRICULUM DIVISION

TECHNICAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
MALAYSIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

2006
 CONTENTS

TOPIC PAGE

National Philosophy (Rukun Negara)

i
National Education Philosophy
ii
Foreword
Iii
Introduction
1
Aim and Objective
2
Arrangement and Organization of Content in Syllabus Specifications
3
Arrangement of Content in Syllabus Specifications
4
Distribution of Topics According to Class
5
Introduction to Civil Engineering Studies
6
Safety
6
Construction
7
Construction Materials
9
Structure
12
Engineering Survey
14
Geotechnic
16
Transportation System, Highway Engineering and Traffic Signs
18
Water Supply and Resources
20
Sanitation System
22
Contract Procedures and Estimation
23
 syllabus specifications for civil engineering studies issc

THE NATIONAL PHILOSOPHY

(RUKUN NEGARA)

Our nation Malaysia is dedicated to achieving a greater unity for all her
people; maintaining a democratic way of life; creating a just society in which
the wealth of the nation shall be equitably distributed; ensuring a liberal
approach to her rich and diverse cultural traditions; building a progressive
society, orientated towards modern science and technology.

WE, the people of Malaysia, pledge our united efforts to attain these ends
guided by the following principles-

BELIEF IN GOD
LOYALTY TO KING AND COUNTRY
SUPREMACY OF THE CONSTITUTION
THE RULE OF LAW
MUTUAL RESPECT AND GOOD SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR

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NATIONAL EDUCATION PHILOSOPHY

Education in Malaysia is an on-going effort towards further developing the

potential of individuals in a holistic and integrated manner, so as to produce
individuals who are intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically
balanced and harmonious, based on firm belief in God. Our efforts are focused
towards creating Malaysian citizens who are knowledgeable and competent,
who possess high moral standards, and who are responsible and capable of
achieving a high level of personal well-being and able to contribute to the
harmony and prosperity of the family, the society and the nation at large.

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FOREWORD

The National School Curriculum aims to uphold the noble aspiration of the
nation providing world-class education to the present and future generations.
As such, the revision of the curriculum seeks to reinforce the Education Act,
reflects the spirit of the National Education Philosophy and prepare Malaysian
citizens for the challenges of the 21st century.

The revised curriculum emphasises moral values and patriotism so that the
students are aware of their roles and responsibilities as citizens of progressive
and educated society. Students are educated to think, gain wide knowledge,
practice good ethics, and be wise, as well as use information technology and
communicate effectively. It is hoped that this curriculum will be able to produce
students who are confident and able to overcome obstacles and challenges in
life.

Civil Engineering Studies is an elective ISCC subject offered in Technical

Secondary Schools. It is offered to fulfil students’ interest and inclination
towards Civil Engineering. It also equips and exposes students to the latest
technological development in the construction industry.

The Ministry of Education expresses its appreciation and thanks to each

individual and institution for the contribution of their expertise, time and energy
in reviewing this syllabus.

TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL CURRICULUM DIVISION

TECHNICAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
MALAYSIA MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

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INTRODUCTION

The civil engineering field plays a major role in developing a country. However, the
issues and discussions related to the development and construction of a country is
very much restricted to certain professional groups. Therefore, early exposure is
crucial especially to students who need to have the understanding of planning for a
balance development.

Once the students reach form 4 and 5, they are at the juncture of choosing their
career and they need to be provided with appropriate exposure in order to determine
their field of specialisation in civil engineering.

The Civil Engineering Studies is one of the elective subjects offered in the Malaysian
Technical Schools. Apart from exposing students to the basic knowledge of civil
engineering, students are also exposed to the possible career paths that are related
to the field.

Among the components taught in the subject are Construction Process, Construction
Materials, Civil Engineering Structure, Geotechnic, Engineering Survey,
Transportation System, Highway Engineering and Traffic Signs, Water Resource and
Supply, Sanitation System, Contract and Estimating Procedure.

This subject is planned for four teaching periods per week amounting to 280 periods
for the duration of two years of learning.

Apart from the learning activities in the classroom, students are also exposed to
practical/field work and industrial training to further enhanced their understanding of
the subject. Students are also introduced to the latest technology available in the civil
engineering sector. Knowledge gained at this level is important for the students, as it
will help them to choose their career paths when they have completed secondary
school.

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AIM

Civil Engineering subject is aimed at providing the basic knowledge and skills of civil
engineering to the students.

OBJECTIVES

Civil Engineering Studies enables students to:

1. Understand the importance of the subject and relate it to everyday life.

2. Know and practice safety rules and regulation at construction sites.
3. Understand the construction process in Civil Engineering
4. Identify the construction materials, their characteristics, and uses.
5. Identify the structural components in Civil Engineering.
6. Understand the basic principles of Survey Engineering, its uses, and fieldwork.
7. Identify the types and characteristics of soil as well as soil investigation.
8. Know and understand the transportation system, road construction and traffic
signs.
9. Know water sources and understand the process of water treatment.
10. Know and understand the sewerage system and treatment.
11. Understand contract procedures and estimate simple construction costs.
12. Raise awareness towards the environment; inculcate interest in research and
take appropriate actions based on facts.

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ARRANGEMENT AND ORGANISATION OF CONTENTS IN SYLLABUS

SPECIFICATIONS

The topics in the Civil Engineering Studies are arranged according to the needs and
suitability of the learners and the learning programme.

Every topic begins with an introduction and the basic elements and gradually tackles
the more complicated areas. This is to suit the form 4-5 students’ own knowledge
development and their ability to understand concepts. To enhance understanding, a
number of practical activities have been designed such as laboratory work, industrial
visits and survey work.

The contents of Civil Engineering Studies are arranged to start on issues related to
physical development. It then introduces the branches of Civil Engineering, the
influences of Civil Engineering and its relation to every day life. Students are then
exposed to the basic principles of the subject which subsequently trigger research
activities, designing, analysing as well as help to develop students’ efforts in learning.

Percentage Distribution of Topics Areas in Civil Engineering Studies

Contract and Introduction Ito Civil Engineering
estimating Procedure Studies 1% Safety 1% Contruction 4 %
14 % Contruction
s Materials
7%
Sanitation
System 10 %

Structure
13 %

Engineering
Survey 14 %

Water Supply and

Resources 13 % Transportation System, Road
Engineering and Traffic Signage Geotechnic 13 %
10 %

Arrangement of Contents in Syllabus Specifications

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ARRANGEMENT OF CONTENTS IN SYLLABUS SPECIFICATIONS

The purpose of the Syllabus Specification for Civil Engineering Studies is to provide
detailed information concerning the topics stipulated in the syllabus. It is hoped that
this Syllabus Specification will assist users, especially teachers, to implement this
subject.

All topics are clearly elaborated and presented in three columns, namely Learning
Areas, Learning Outcomes and Suggested Learning Activities. The topics found in the
Learning Areas correspond to each topic in the syllabus of this subject.

The competency or ability that should be developed through the related topics is
stated in Learning Outcomes. Competency can be in terms of cognitive, psychomotor
skills or affective. The learning outcomes are divided into three levels. This is to
introduce the concept of competency levels for groups of students with different
abilities.

Level 1 is the competency level, which is compulsory for all students to attain. The
students must master this level before proceeding to Level 2. Level 2 consists of
higher level of competency and will be learnt after the students have mastered the
contents of Level 1. Level 3 is of the highest competency and has enrichment. This
level is suitable for students with higher ability and who have mastered the contents
of Level 1 and Level 2.

The upgrading of skills and knowledge to specific levels will result in a more effective
teaching and learning process by taking into consideration the students’ rate of
learning and ability. The competency levels are organised according to hierarchy and
teachers have to teach each level one after another and ensure students have
mastered each level before proceeding to the next. It is important that teachers
diversify their teaching methods according to students’ abilities and competencies.

Teaching and learning strategies suggested for each topic is listed in Suggested
Learning Activities. The suggested activities could strengthen students’ effort in
mastering the skills concerned. These activities will also assist students in enhancing
their ability in problem solving. However, other teaching methods can be applied
depending on the situation and students’ abilities. This section is also used to provide
additional information and specific definitions related to each topic.

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DISTRIBUTION OF TOPICS ACCORDING TO CLASS

FORM 4

Topic Period

Introduction to Civil Engineering Studies 4

Safety 4

Construction 10

Construction Materials 20

Engineering Survey 40

Geotechnic 36

Transportation System, Highway Engineering and Traffic 28

Signs

Total 142

FORM 5

Topic Period

Civil Engineering Structure 36

Water Supply and Resources 36

Sanitation System 28

Contract Procedures and Estimation 38

Total 138

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CURRICULUM SPECIFICATIONS FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING STUDIES
1.0 INTRODUCTION TO CIVIL ENGINEERING (4 periods)
Learning Areas
1.1 The concept of public needs
and necessities
1.2 Definition of Civil Engineering
1.3 Civil Engineering fields
1.4 Development impact towards
environment and socio
economy
syllabus specifications for civil engineering studies issc
Learning Outcomes Suggested Learning Activities
Level 1 Suggested teaching periods: 4
 State the public needs and
necessities Take part in brainstorming session
 Food and discussion on the needs and
 Shelter necessities of the public.
 Safety
 State the definition of Civil
Engineering
 State the civil engineering
fields.
View video on the impact of
Level 2 development on environment
 Explain the development
impact towards environment Discussion on the importance of EIA
and socio economy on Civil Engineering projects.
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2.0 SAFETY (4 periods)

Suggested Learning
Learning Areas Learning Outcomes
Activities

2.1 Introduction Suggested teaching period: 1

Level 1
a. The importance of safety  State the importance of safety at
at construction site construction site
 State the consequences of View visual of accidents at
accidents construction sites
2.2 Accidents at the construction  Injury
site  Loss of life
 Loss of properties
a. Consequences of accident  Loss of time
 Emotional disturbances
b. Causes of accident
 State the main causes of accident Suggested teaching periods: 2
Not wearing safety suit
Carelessness Demonstration of safety
equipments used at construction
 List out the rules and regulation at site
construction site
2.3 Safety rules and regulation at
construction site Level 2 Discuss the roles of OSHA
 Explain the site organization (Occupational Safety And Health
a. Organization at structure Act) at construction site
construction site
 Explain the safety precautions at
b. Safety rules and regulation site

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3.0 CONSTRUCTION (10 periods)

Suggested Learning
Learning Areas Learning Outcomes
Activities

3.1 Introduction Suggested teaching period: 1

3.2 Construction Process Level 1 Suggested teaching period: 7

a. Planning stage  Identify the concept of
i. Budgeting construction in Civil View visuals on the process of
ii. Appointing consultant Engineering construction
iii. Feasibility studies
 Identify the construction
process
b. Analysis and designing stage Study Gantt Chart samples
i. Choice of site
ii. Site surveying
iii. Soil investigation
iv. Designing work Level 2
v. Prepare drawing and work  Explain the work done
specifications in each stages. Obtain information from local
vi. Cost estimation authorities

c. Management stage
i. Gather information
ii. Contract Award
iii. Recruiting manpower
iv. Obtaining materials and
equipment.

d. Construction stage
i. Structure
- Preliminary works
- Earthworks
- Substructure construction
- Superstructure construction

ii. Fixing and installation of facilities

- Plumbing system
- Electrical system
- Communication system
- Air conditioning system

e. Handing over stage

- Certificate of fitness for
occupancy
Defects and liability periods

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Suggested Learning
Learning Areas Learning Outcomes
Activities

3.3 Authorities in Civil Engineering Level 1 Suggested teaching periods: 2

Construction 
a. Local authority Identify the local authorities
b. Land and Mining Department involved
c. Public Works Department 
Identify the technical staff
d. Department of Environment
involved
e. Fire and Rescue Department
f. Water Utility Board Level 2
g. Tenaga National Berhad  Explain the roles of the
h. Drainage and Irrigation Department authorities and
technical staff involved
i. Construction Industry Development in the construction
Board process

3.4 The roles of Technical personnel in Civil

Engineering Note:
a. Town and regional planner Lectures by technical staff
b. Architect
c. Civil Engineer Visit to construction sites
d. Mechanical Engineer
e. Electrical Engineer
f. Land Surveyor
g. Quantity Surveyor
h. Technical Assistant
i. Technician
j. Draughtsman
k. Skilled Worker

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4.0 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS (20 periods)

Suggested Learning
Learning Areas Learning Outcomes
Activities

4.1 Introduction
Level 1
 Identify the main
materials used in
construction
 Give example of
structures

4.2 Timber Level 1 Suggested teaching periods: 2

a. Introduction  Identify the uses of
wood in civil Brainstorming session
engineering
b. Factors affecting the main
characteristic of wood  State the factors
affecting wood
i. Strength properties Obtain informations from
Density  State the classification FRIM/relevant authorities
Wood grain of wood
Defects  State wood
Modulus of Elasticity classification according
to its usage
ii. Durability
 State the advantages
- Moisture content and disadvantages of
iii. Finishing wood in construction
- Natural defects
- Drying defects Level 2
 Explain the Study samples and classification
c. Timber classification and usage in factors affecting wood of wood
construction properties
i. Heavy hard wood  Classify the density of
wood
ii. Medium hard wood
iii. Light hard word
iv. Soft wood

d. Advantages and disadvantages of

timber

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Suggested Learning
Learning Areas Learning Outcomes
Activities

4.3 Steel

a. Introduction Level 1 Suggested teaching periods: 2

 Identify the uses of steel
b. Types of steel in civil engineering Study samples of steels
i. Mild steel  State the characteristics
of steel
ii. High tensile steel
 State the types of steel
Conduct Tensile Test
 State the advantages
and disadvantages of
steel

c. Characteristics of steel Level 2

i. Strength
- Tensile stress  Explain the types of steel
- Yield stress  Explain the
characteristics of steel
ii. Elasticity
iii. Ductility  Explain the uses of steel
according to their types
iv. Corrosion resistance
v. Fire resistance
vi. Expansion and contraction

d. Uses of steel

e. Advantages and disadvantages of

steel

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Suggested Learning
Learning Areas Learning Outcomes
Activities

4.4 Concrete Level 1 Suggested teaching periods: 14

a. Introduction 
Identify the uses of concrete Brainstorming session
b. Materials of concrete in civil engineering
i. Cement 
ii. Fine aggregates State the materials of
iii. Coarse aggregates concrete
iv. Water 
v. Admixtures State the characteristics of
concrete
c. Characteristics of concrete 
i. Workability State the factors which
ii. Strength affect the concrete
iii. Expansion and Contraction workability
iv. Durability  Conduct Slump Tests
State the factors which
affect the strength of
d. Factors affecting concrete Conduct Compression Test
concrete workability 
i. Consistency State the advantages and
ii. Manoeuvrability disadvantages of
iii. Compact ability concrete Study samples of concrete and
determine their uses
 State the types of
e. Workability test
concrete
f. Factors affecting strength of concrete
Level 2
i. Materials
 Explain the
- Cement
characteristics of
- Water
concrete
- Fine aggregate
- Coarse aggregate  Explain the factors
- Admixtures which affect concrete
workability Make an analysis of Slump Test
ii. Methods affecting preparation of  Explain the
concrete procedure of Slump Make an analysis of
iii. Curing Test Compression Test
 Explain the factors
g. Compression Test which affect the
strength of concrete
h. Types and uses of concrete  Explain the
i. Mass concrete procedure of
ii. Reinforced concrete Compression Test
iii. Pre-stressed concrete  Explain the types
and uses of concrete
i. Advantages and disadvantages of
concrete Level 3

 Elaborate the types and

uses of concrete
 Make an analysis of
Slump Test
 Make an analysis of
Compression Test

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Suggested Learning
Learning Areas Learning Outcomes
Activities

4.5 Bricks Level 1 Suggested teaching periods: 2

a. Introduction
 Identify the uses of
b. Types of bricks bricks in civil Samples of bricks
engineering
 Cement brick
 State the types of bricks
 Clay brick
 State the advantages
 Silica brick and disadvantages of
bricks
c. Advantages and disadvantages of
bricks Level 2

 Differentiate the types

of brick materials

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5.0 STRUCTURE (36 periods)

Learning Areas Learning Outcomes Suggested Learning

Activities

5.1 Introduction Level 1 Suggested teaching periods: 4

 State the definition of
a. Definition of structure structure Find some examples around the
 State the types of load class room

b. Types of load  State the types of

structure
i. Dead load
ii. Imposed load
Level 2
 Explain the types of
5.2 Types of structure
load
a. Mass structure
 Explain the types of
b. Framed structure structure

5.3 Definition, function and the Level 1 Suggested teaching periods: 12

construction concept of structure
components in a building
 State the definition of Find some examples around the
each component classroom
a. Foundation structure
i. Pad foundation
ii. Strip foundation  State the types of each Study the examples of visuals on
iii. Raft foundation structure component structure
iv. Pile

b. Column
Level 2
c. Beam
i. Simply supported  Explain the functions of
structure component in
ii. Cantilever a building
iii. Continuous
iv. Fixed ends

d. Floor
i. Solid ground floor
ii. Upper floor

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Suggested Learning
Learning Areas Learning Outcomes
Activities

e. Wall Level 3

i. Load bearing wall

 Describe the
ii. Panel wall
construction concept of
iii. Monolithic wall structure components
in a building
f. Stairs
i. Straight stairs
ii. Quarter turn stairs
iii. Half turn stairs
iv. Geometric stairs

g. Roof
i. Flat roof
ii. Pitched roof

5.4 Forces in the simply supported beam Level 1 Suggested teaching periods: 20

a. Type of forces
 State the types of
Participate to experience the
forces which react in
b. Calculate the reaction force, shear concept of reaction force, shear
simply supported beam
force and bending moment force and bending moment.
i. Point load  Explain about
ii. Uniformly distributed load pointed load and
uniformly distributed
c. Draw shear force and bending load Calculate and drawing
moment diagrams
Level 2

 Explain the
reaction force, shear
force and bending
moment

Level 3

 Calculate the
reaction force, shear
force and bending
moment

 Draw the diagram

of shear force and
bending moment

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6.0 ENGINEERING SURVEY (40 periods)

Suggested Learning
Learning Areas Learning Outcomes
Activities

6.1 Introduction Level 1 Suggested teaching periods: 2

a. Surveying purposes  State the Photographs/ slides which relate

purpose of surveying in to survey in Civil Engineering
Civil Engineering
b. Methods of surveying practised
in civil engineering  List down
the methods of
i. surveying in Civil
Chain survey Engineering
ii. Plane tabling
iii. Compass survey
iv. Levelling
v. Theodolite survey
vi. Aerial Survey
vii. Remote sensing
i.

6.2 Chain Survey Level 1 Suggested teaching periods: 4

a. Principles of Chain Surveying  Identify
the instruments used in Observe of work of Chain Survey
Chain Surveying

Examples of field book, booking

 State the and plotting
principles of Chain
Surveying
- Chain lines
- Tie lines
- Check lines
- Scale
- Offset

6.3 Compass Survey Level 1 Suggested teaching periods: 4

a. Principles of Compass Surveying
 Identify the instruments Observe the demonstration of
used in Compass Compass Surveying
Surveying

Study the examples on booking

 State the principles of and plotting
Compass Surveying
Bearing
Distance

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Suggested Learning
Learning Areas Learning Outcomes
Activities

6.4 Levelling Level 1 Suggested teaching periods: 24

a. Principles of Levelling  Identify the instruments
in levelling Conduct levelling work
b. Instruments  State the principles in - Spot level
Levelling
i. Automatic level - Grid level
- Datum
ii. Levelling staff
- Foresight
iii. Measuring tape
- Intersight
iv. Ranging pole Plot
- Backsight
v. Surveying arrow - Longitudinal section
- Reduced level
v. Peg - Contour

c. Booking and Plotting Level 2

 Make temporary
d. Usage of contour map in Civil adjustment of levelling
Engineering instruments/setting up
instruments
- Set up the
instrument
- Adjustment to the
levelling instrument
- Eliminate parallax
and focus on the
levelling staff
 Staff reading
 Booking

Level 3
 Elaborate the usage of
levelling data in Civil
Engineering
 Calculate reduced level
- Rise and Fall
method

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- Height of
Collimation method
 Checking
- Arithmetic
- Error
 Plot the longitudinal
section
 Plot the contour


Suggested Learning
Learning Areas Learning Outcomes
Activities

Level 1 Suggested teaching periods: 6

6.5 Theodolite Survey
 Identify Theodolite Observe a demonstration on how
to use the theodolite instruments
a. Basic principles of Theodolite - Face right
Surveying
- Face left

- Horizontal circle
reading

- Vertical circle
reading
 State the basic
principles of Theodolite
Surveying
- Open traverse
- Close traverse

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7.0 GEOTECHNIC (36 periods)

Suggested Learning
Learning Areas Learning Outcomes
Activities

7.1 Introduction Suggested teaching periods: 22

a. Definition of soil in Civil Level 1
Engineering
 State the definition of soil Study the samples of soil
b. Classification of soil in the context of Civil
Engineering
7.2 Types of soil  State the classification of
soil
a. Cohesive soil
 State the types of soil
b. Non-cohesive soil
 State the affecting factors
c. Organic soil
of soil strength
 State the importance of soil
7.3 The strength of soil investigation Perform practical work on
a. The affecting factors Atterberg Limit Test :
i. Air content - Plastic limit
Level 2
ii. Moisture content
iii. Pore water pressure  Explain the classification of - Liquid limit
iv. Organic content soil
v. Cell pressure
 Differentiate the types of soil Perform practical work on
 Explain the affecting factors - Sieve analysis
b. Soil Investigation of soil strength - Mackintosh Probe
i. Bearing capacity  Explain the procedure of - Moisture content test
ii. Moisture content - Sieve analysis
- Mackintosh Probe Test
- Moisture Content Test
 Speedy method
 Oven method

Level 3
 Use semi-logarithm graph
to classify soil
 Determine soil layer
 Determine load bearing
capacity
 Determine moisture
content

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Suggested Learning
Learning Areas Learning Outcomes
Activities

7.4 Foundation Level 1 Suggested teaching periods: 8

a. Selection factors
i. Soil condition
ii. Types and sizes of
structure to be constructed
b. Determin
e the types and sizes of
foundation
 State the selection factors
Level 2 View visuals on foundation
 Identify types of foundation
Level 3
 Design the size of
foundation

7.5 Slope
a. Types of slope Level 1

i. Finite  State the types of slope Suggested teaching periods: 6

ii. Infinite  State the modes of slope
failure
 State the factors which View visuals on slope
b. Modes of slope failure effect the stabilizing of
i. Rotating (for cohesive soil) slope
ii. Straight sliding (for non  State the stability methods Solve problems on slope failure
cohesive soil) of slope as a case study
c. The factors affecting slope
stability
Level 2
i. Load
 Explain the types of slope
ii. Cohesiveness
 Explain the failure modes
iii. Drainage of slope
iv. Pore water pressure  Explain the factors that
v. Gradient effect the stability of slope
vi. Geology  Explain the stabilizing
methods of slope

d. Methods of slope stabilization

i. Retaining wall Level 3

ii. Trenching  Elaborate the stabilizing

methods of slope
iii. Gabion wall
iv. Turfing
v. Anchoring/soil nailing
vi. Terracing
vii. Gentle slope
viii. Geotextile/Geosynthetic

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8.0 TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM, HIGHWAY ENGINEERING AND TRAFFIC SIGN

(28 periods)

Suggested Learning
Learning Areas Learning Outcomes
Activities

8.1 Introduction Level 1 Suggested teaching periods: 6

8.2 Transportation System
a. Modes of transportation
i. Land
ii. Water
iii. Air
b. Transportation demand
c. Selection of transportation
modes
i. Feasibility studies
ii. Transportation system
selection factors
8.3 Highway Engineering
a. Road classification in Malaysia
i. Characteristics of road and
highway
b. Types of pavement
i. Flexible pavement
- Definition and
characteristics
- Materials
- Types of defects and
maintenance
ii. Rigid Pavement
- Definition and
characteristics
- Materials
- Types of defects and
maintenance
 State the importance of
transportation Brainstorming session
 State the transportation
system
 Identify the mode of
transportation
 Explain the factors of
transportation needs
Level 2
 Explain the criteria in the
selection of transportation
 Identify the criteria in the
transportation mode
Discuss the needs of
transportation system in
Malaysia
Level 1
 State the classification of
roads in Malaysia Suggested Teaching Periods:
 State the types of 12
pavement
 State the types of
drainage
 State the road signage
and fixtures
Level 2
 Explain the types of
pavement
 Explain the road
construction process
 Explain the methods of
drainage
 Explain the types of road
signage and fixtures

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Suggested Learning
Learning Areas Learning Outcomes
Activities

c. Road construction processes Level 2 View visuals on road

construction process
i.  Identify the needs of road
Reconnaissance signs and fixtures
ii. Level 3 Study road signage and fixtures
Location survey  Elaborate the road on town maps
iii. construction process
Site clearance and earthwork
iv.
Cut and fill operation
v.
Construction and the function
of road structure
- Subgrade
- Sub base
- Base
- Flexible pavement and
rigid pavement

d. Drainage
i. Surface water drainage
ii. Ground water drainage

e. Road signs and fixtures

i. Traffic signs
- Regulatory signs

- Warning signs

- Information signs

ii. Road signs

- Signs on road surface
- Signs on road objects
iii. Safety fixtures
iv. Street lights

8.4 Traffic Lights Level 1 Suggested Teaching Periods: 10

a. Introduction to traffic lights
b. Methods in determining
optimum cycle time
 State the needs of
traffic signals
Level 2
 Explain the methods in
determining optimum cycle
time of traffic lights

Level 3
 Determine the optimum

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 syllabus specifications for civil engineering studies issc
cycle time of traffic lights

26
 syllabus specifications for civil engineering studies issc

9.0 WATER SUPPLY AND RESOURCES (36 periods)

Suggested Learning
Learning Areas Learning Outcomes
Activities

9.1 Introduction Level 1 Suggested teaching periods: 6

a. Water necessities  State the daily needs for

i. Domestic water View visuals on the necessity of
ii. Industry  State the hydrology cycle water in daily life.
iii. Agriculture  State the water resources
iv. Power generation  State the methods of water
v. Recreation intake into the treatment
plant
9.2 Resources
a. Surface water Level 2
i. River
ii. Lake  Explain the hydrology
iii. Reservoir cycle
 State the methods of water
b. Ground water intake into the treatment
i. Spring plant
ii. Inlet well

9.3 Water intake

a. Surface water intake
i. Inlet gate
ii. Pump

b. Ground water intake

i. Shallow well
ii. Tube well

9.4 Water treatment Level 1 Suggested teaching period: 12

a. Types of impurities in water  State the types of
i. Macro impurities in water Observe the differences of
ii. Micro  State the objective of water water samples before and after
treatment treatment
b. Purposes of water treatment  State the process of water
treatment
c. Treatment processes  State the WHO standard
i. Screening for water quality Study the models of water
ii. Aeration treatment process
iii. Diffusion Level 2
iv. Flocculation and  Explain the method of
Coagulation water treatment
v. Sedimentation View visuals on treatment
vi. Filtering process
vii. Fluoridation Level 3
viii. Sterilization  Elaborate the functions of
ix. Adjustment of pH each treatment process
d. Water quality

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 syllabus specifications for civil engineering studies issc

Suggested Learning
Learning Areas Learning Outcomes
Activities

9.5 Water distribution Level 1 Suggested teaching periods: 8

a. Water reservation  State the purposes of water
i. Purposes of water reservation View visuals on the types of
reservation  State the types of tank for tank
ii. Types of tank water reservation
 State the methods of water View visuals on service tank
b. Distribution methods distribution
i. Gravity  State the piping systems
ii. Pump  State the factors of head
iii. Pump and water loss in pipes
reservoir
Level 2
c. Piping system  Explain the water
i. Dead end system distribution methods
ii. Grid system
 Explain the piping systems
iii. Radial system
 Explain the factors of head
loss in pipes
d. Factors of head loss in
pipes
i. Size
Level 3
ii. Change of direction
iii. Friction  Compare the distribution
iv. Gradient methods
 Compare the piping
systems
 Relate the factors of head
loss with distribution
methods

9.6 Main pipe components Level 1 Suggested teaching periods:

a. Function  State the main pipe 10
i. Stop valve components
- Sluice valve  State the types of flow Observe the types of valve
- Gate valve  State the flow rate formula
in pipe; View visuals on types of flow
i. Fire hydrant Q = AV
ii. Air valve
Level 2 Note:
9.7 Flow of fluid  Explain the functions of Visit to treatment plant
a. Types of flow each component in the main
b. Flow in pipes pipe
 Differentiate between the
laminar flow and turbulent
flow

Level 3
Calculate the flow rate in pipe

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10.0 SANITATION SYSTEM (28 periods)
Learning Areas
10.1Introduction
10.2Sanitary and Sewerage systems
a. Discharge pipes
i. Characteristics and functions
of
- Dual pipe system
- Single pipe system
- Single stack system
b. Drainage pipes
i. Characteristics and functions
of
- Isolated system
- Affiliated system
- Partially isolated system
ii. Principles of drainage pipe
fittings
- Quality
- Watertight
- Gradient
- Straightness
- Ventilation
- Support
iii. Drainage pipe test
- Watertight test
 Water test
 Smoke test
 Air pressure test
- Straightness test
 Light and mirror test
- Joint test
 Ball bearing test
syllabus specifications for civil engineering studies issc
Suggested Learning
Learning Outcomes
Activities
Level 1 Suggested teaching
periods: 18
 State the importance of
sanitary and sewerage
system View the model of discharge
pipe
 State the functions and
characteristics of:
- Discharge pipe
- Manhole
- Drainage pipe system
- Inspection chamber
- Public sewer
 State the principles of
drainage pipe fittings
 State the types of drainage
pipe
 State the public sewer
View visuals on sanitary
systems
and sewage systems
Level 2
 Explain the principles of
drainage pipe fittings
 Explain the test for
drainage pipe
 Explain the functions of
manhole and inspection
chamber
 Explain the of public sewer
systems
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Learning Areas
c. Manhole and inspection
chamber
- Functions of manhole
and inspection
chamber
d. Public sewer
- Separated systems
- Combined systems
10.3Sewerage treatment
a. Introduction
b. Treatment methods
i. Septic tank
- Function and
construction
characteristics
- Uses for single or
clustered houses
ii. Waste stabilizer pond/
oxidation pond
iii. Aerated lagoon
iv. Activated sludge
v. Trickling Head
vi. Rotating Biological
Contactor
syllabus specifications for civil engineering studies issc
Suggested Learning
Learning Outcomes
Activities
Level 3
 Identify the uses of manhole
and inspection chambers
 Identify the of public sewer
systems
Observe the manhole and
inspection chamber
Level 1
 State the purpose of Suggested teaching periods:
sewage 10
 State the methods of
sewage
Observe the septic tank
 State the characteristics of
septic tank
View visuals on sewage
treatment
Level 2
 Explain the methods of
Obtain information via
sewage treatment IWK/other relevant authorities
Level 3
 Identify the methods used Note:
in sewage treatment
Visit to sewage treatment plant
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 syllabus specifications for civil engineering studies issc

11.0 CONTRACT PROCEDURES AND ESTIMATION (38 Periods)

Suggested Learning
Learning Areas Learning Outcomes
Activities

11.1 Introduction Level 1 Suggested teaching periods: 10

a. Tender  State the purposes of
b. Contract tender, contract and
estimation
c. Estimation
 State the types of tender
 State the meaning of tender
11.2 Tender document Obtain samples of tender
a. Types of tender advertisement from newspaper
 State the tender process
i. Open tender
 State the basic principles of
ii. Limited tender contract
iii. Negotiation tender  State the types of contract
iv. Pre qualification tender
Level 2
b. Tender document  Explain the types of tender
 Explain the tender process
c. Tender process
 Explain the contents of
i. Invitation of tender Study the samples of tender
tender document
document
ii. Selection of tender  Explain the types of contract
iii. Award of tender
iv. Acceptance of tender Level 3
 Elaborate the process of
d. Reasons for rejection of tendering and acceptance of
tender tenders
 Elaborate the reasons for
rejection of tender

11.3 Contracts

a. Objective
b. Basic principles
c. Types of contract
i. Lump sum contract
ii. Measure and value
contract
iii. Cost reimbursement
contract
iv. Turnkey contract

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 syllabus specifications for civil engineering studies issc

Suggested Learning
Learning Areas Learning Outcomes
Activities

11.4 Estimation Level 1 Suggested teaching periods:

28
a. Methods and measuring unit  State the methods and
i. Linear measurement unit
ii. Area  State the types of cost Interprete

iii. Volume  State the meaning of cost - Architectural drawing

rate - Structural drawing
iv. Weight
 State the methods of - Services drawing
v. Quantity
estimating
 State the bills of quantity
b. Types of cost method
i. Material cost
ii. Labour cost
iii. Plant & equipment cost
iv. Overhead & profit

c. Built-up cost rate

d. Methods of estimating Level 2

i. Volume
ii. Floor area
iii. Evaluation
iv. Approximate
v. Bills of quantity
e. Bills of quantity method
i. Drawing interpretation
- Architectural drawing
- Structural drawing
- Services drawing
 Explain the methods and
measuring unit
 Explain the types of cost
 Explain the methods of
preparing the cost rate
 Explain the methods of
estimating
 Explain the bills of quantity
method
Estimate the cost of small
projects using bills of
Level 3 quantities for substructure
components

 Built up cost rate

ii. Taking off the quantities by
 Estimating cost using the
using dimension form
bills of quantity method for
substructure components
iii. Grouping of quantities by
using abstract form

iv. Estimating the cost by using

billing form

32