COMPUTER ENGINEERING BASICS

Computer engineering blends together computer science and electrical engineering to

further advancements in digital technology, computer networking and computer systems.
In turn, computer engineers use their extensive knowledge of hardware and software
design and computer programming to make computing platforms and applications more
efficient and effective. Seamlessly integrating the latest innovations, computer engineers
develop new computer hardware, design and implement software applications, and
enhance the capabilities of networks and communications systems.
COMPUTER ENGINEERING IN-DEPTH
Computer engineers work with hardware and software, ensuring that the two are
seamlessly integrated and functioning properly. Computer engineers focus on
innovation—making computing systems safer, faster and more powerful. At the career
level, there are two main avenues: hardware and software engineering. Hardware
engineers focus their skills on computer systems and components, designing
microprocessors, circuit boards, routers and other embedded devices. On the software
side, these engineers create, test and debug programs and applications that run on
computers, mobile devices and more.

Just as there are countless apps, software programs and computers

that function for specific tasks, there are just as many career
options for those who wish to enter the computer engineering
profession. From robotics to wireless networks, and operating
systems to aircraft design, there is a specialization for any interest.
Example employers for computer engineers include research
laboratories, technology manufacturers, semiconductor companies,
and digital consulting firms.
SALARIES AND JOB OUTLOOK FOR
COMPUTER ENGINEERS

Salary Details

Learning how to become a computer engineer is the first step toward earning a
more-than-comfortable salary. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the
median income for this profession was $108,430 in 2014, but the top-earners
make more than $160,000. Salaries vary between regions and industries.
Scientific research pays a more modest wage, while computer equipment
manufacturing is more lucrative.

CAREER FIELD MEDIAN SALARY

Computer Hardware Engineer $108,430

Software Engineer, Applications $95,510

Software Engineer, Systems Software $102,880

TOP PAYING STATES FOR COMPUTER ENGINEERS

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Computer Engineering Job Growth And Outlook

With the growing need for technological advancement, it should not come as a
surprise that approximately 38 percent of all technological professionals work in
computer engineering—hardware (27 percent) and software (11 percent)—
according to CompTIA. However, between those two paths, the outlook for
hardware engineers is slightly tempered when compared to software engineers.

The Bureau of Labor Statistics notes more innovation is occurring in software

development and career growth for hardware engineers is only projected to
reach 7 percent nationally between 2012 and 2022. On the other hand, software
engineering careers are expected to grow by 22 percent nationally at the same
time, far outpacing the national average for all occupations. The factors
responsible for this growth? Emerging industries, massive capital investments by
venture capitalists in technology start-ups, and the growing demand on mobile
technology. Computer engineers with a master's degree or higher should have
the best prospects.
Select a state to see more on employment and job growth for computer
engineers.

Select a State:

Employed Computer Engineers

1,2701,2701,1301,1302020201002505007501,0001,2501,…

1.17%Average Annual Job Growth40Annual Job Openings

STEPS TO BECOMING A COMPUTER
ENGINEER

With a growing, insatiable desire for technological advancements—both by

businesses and consumers alike—the need for trained, skilled and qualified
computer engineering professionals seems to know no bounds. Becoming a
computer engineer requires an extensive college education that can take from
four to seven years to complete. In the first two years of a bachelor’s degree
program, students typically finish computer engineering prerequisites and
general education courses. The last two years focus on foundational classes in
computer science, electrical engineering and mathematics. Students typically
study software, hardware, networking and security. Many employers prefer
engineers with advanced degrees, which means two more years of master’s
degree work to qualify for those jobs. Finally, if professional goals include applied
research or a career in academia, a PhD in computer engineering may be the
answer.

1
EARN AN ASSOCIATE DEGREE (OPTIONAL: TWO YEARS)
For students who desire a direct entry training program or cannot attend a four-
year program initially, then an associate degree program in computer science or
related IT field of study at a community college or trade school can be a solid first
step. Some community college students can save on tuition while completing
their general education requirements, because tuition at these schools is
sometimes more affordable than at four-year schools. In addition, students
should ensure the courses they complete in their two-year associate degree
program will transfer to a four-year bachelor’s degree program.

2
EARN A BACHELOR’S DEGREE (FOUR YEARS W/O AN
ASSOCIATE DEGREE)
Typically, most employers expect software engineering professionals to have at
least a bachelor’s degree, while companies hiring hardware engineers
traditionally seek applicants that hold a master’s degree. Bachelor’s degree
programs allow students to complete a comprehensive education in while
concentrating their studies in either hardware or software specializations. For
example, an electrical engineering program with an emphasis in computer
engineering is appropriate if you want to work with microprocessors and high-
speed circuitry. For those considering a career in software engineering, they may
want to pursue a general computer engineering degree or a software engineering
degree. Other applicable undergraduate majors include mathematics and
computer science. When choosing a program, be sure it is certified by the
Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET).

3
ADVANCED STUDY (OPTIONAL, BUT SOMETIMES
REQUIRED FOR HARDWARE ENGINEERS)
While graduates may find an entry-level software engineering job with a
bachelor’s degree, better-paying positions and software management jobs
typically call for a master’s degree. Hardware engineers usually return to college
for post-graduate work. Those who want to rise to leadership or management
roles pursue masters of business administration (MBA) degrees with a
technology focus. Pay increases are often pegged to ongoing education, and
engineers are inquisitive enough to want to stay abreast of technological
advances. In many cases, your employer may contribute to ongoing education
fees. A doctorate can be an advantageous degree for engineers who want to
teach at the university level or conduct advanced research at a university-
sponsored laboratory. Engineers with a PhD in information technology can
advance to management workplace roles such as IT strategist, chief technology
officer or chief information officer.

4
SPECIALIZED AND GET CERTIFIED
Computer engineers can work as general problem solvers or they can focus on
one aspect of their career. For hardware professionals, continuing education in
software development can be beneficial and vice versa. As the fields are
continually evolving, job candidates will want to go where the opportunities exist.
Specialize, but remain nimble. Some corporations may demand employees
pursue advanced certifications in hardware or software systems offered by
vendors. Certification exams are offered to benchmark skills for a prospective
employer or advance in the company. They can be an essential part of the job
search arsenal. Popular certification categories include Microsoft Systems
Administration (MCSA), Cisco Network (Wireless and Voice), Project
Management and VM Ware.

COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEGREE

OPTIONS

Computer engineering degrees are available in both campus and online

formats and range from two-year associate degree programs to advanced
graduate study at the doctoral level. Instruction varies from the career-specific–
such as an associate degree in electronics technology–to research-focused PhD
programs in digital signal processing. Each academic step offers students the
opportunity to not only enhance their existing skill sets, but also develop
knowledge and skills in new or more specialized areas. Below is an overview of
the major types of computer engineering degrees.

Career Goal And/Or Educational Needs Associate Bachelor’s Master’s Doctora

I’m looking for a short-term program that offers flexibility

and professional training for direct entry-level employment
as an electronics technician.

I’m interested in a career in engineering, but would like

exposure to different opportunities in both software and
hardware.

I’d like to improve my career potential by completing a

program of study in engineering, but need flexibility because
Career Goal And/Or Educational Needs Associate Bachelor’s Master’s Doctora

of family and existing work commitments.

I have several years of experience in software engineering,

but would like to develop a robust set of skills in project
management and administration to pursue advanced career
opportunities.

I’m interested in becoming a researcher in robotics, with a

concentration in image processing, microcontrollers, and
control systems.

I’m looking for an opportunity to make a career pivot,

shifting from information systems to a career in software
development and engineering.

I’m seeking training in embedded systems to pursue career

opportunities in the automotive industry, but would like
control over my academic schedule.

I’d like to complete my core coursework and develop

technical proficiencies before completing a four-year
program of study.

Associate Degrees

At the associate degree level, prospective students can select from two
educational paths: Electronics and Computer Technology or Pre-Engineering
with a Computer and Electrical Engineering emphasis. An associate in
electronics and computer technology offers career-focused curriculum that allows
students to either continue their studies at the bachelor's degree level or pursue
entry-level employment opportunities after graduation. A pre-engineering degree,
on the other hand, is aimed at students seeking to transfer to a four-year
university to complete a bachelor's degree in computer engineering. Both options
are designed to introduce students to fundamental principles in computer
engineering and electronics design, including programming, communications and
networking, electronic systems, computer hardware and software, electronic
systems, instrumentation, and maintenance and repair. For example, students
may take classes in subjects such as computer architecture, object-oriented
programming, circuit theory, networking and Internet technologies, and digital
electronics. These programs can be completed in two to three years and typically
require between 65 and 72 credit hours to graduate, depending on the school
and program.

NETWORKING AND INTERNET TECHNOLOGIES

Introduces students to networking fundamentals, including database concepts,
client-server programming, and database design
CE Skills & Knowledge Gained

 Structure query language (SQL)

 Internet applications
 Relational databases

OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING

Introduces students to the object oriented design programming techniques,
including different programming languages, data manipulation, and sorting.
CE Skills & Knowledge Gained

 Object-oriented programming
 Data abstractions
 C++ and Java
 Algorithm analysis, design, and implementation

DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING

Introduces students to the fundamentals of data communications, networking,
and the Internet.
CE Skills & Knowledge Gained

 Data security
 Signal processing
 TCP/IP communication
 Internet protocol (IP)
 Client-server API

C++ PROGRAMMING
Introduces students to C++ programming language and focuses on effective
approaches to design and coding.
CE Skills & Knowledge Gained

 C++
 Functions
 Arrays
 Loops
 Variables