MONDAY 2-24-2020

Monday

• Bell Ringer
• Answer questions 1
and 2 in your study
guide.
• Explain why or how you
picked that answer.
Overview:
Students will examine the political changes
that sparked the Civil War, the differences in
the North and South, and the key leaders,
events, battles, and daily life during the war.

8.62 Describe the outbreak of the Civil War

and the resulting sectional differences,
including: Roles of President Abraham Lincoln
and Jefferson Davis •Significance of Fort
Sumter
o During the November presidential election, Democratic votes were
split between Douglas and John C. Breckenridge
o Lincoln won the majority of the North
o Lincoln won the electoral college, becoming the 16th US president
o 1st Republican president
 o Many southerners were angry an antislavery northerner won

o By the time Lincoln gave his First Inaugural Address on March 4, 1861,
7 southern states had left the Union and formed the Confederate
States of America (CSA)

The country was on the

brink of war.
o Lincoln wanted the South to know he
would enforce federal law in the
seceded states
o Promised not to interfere with slavery
where it already existed
US secession map March 1861; Texas,
Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia,
Florida, & South Carolina seceded
 Expressed displeasure at secession and seizure of
federal property
Lincoln reminded the South they were friends.
Lincoln said he wanted to preserve, protect, and
defend the US government.
Lincoln stated if a war began, it would be because the
South started it.
 1st and only president of the Confederate States of
America (CSA)

Owned slaves & believed slavery was

important to the South’s economy

After Mississippi seceded on January 9, 1861. Davis

resigned as a US Senator and returned to his home

One month later the Confederate Congress

selected Davis to be President.
 Supported slavery but not secession

Wanted Lincoln to let the South secede

peacefully

When Lincoln did not turn over Fort Sumter,

Davis ordered the Confederate Army to attack in
April 1861
 April 12, 1861
Union states
Confederate states
territories

Union troops were stationed at forts in South

Carolina
these forts became isolated
Fort Sumter was an important fort.
shipping port on the Atlantic Ocean
 o April 12-14, 1861
o Located off the coast of
Charleston, South Carolina

o Confederate Commander P.T.

Beauregard surrounded Fort
Sumter and cut off supplies
On April 11, Beauregard told Union Major Robert
Anderson if he did not surrender, he would fire upon it.

o Anderson refused and around 4:30am on April 12, the battle

began.
 The fort was bombarded from all sides
Anderson realized he had no choice but to
surrender.

Confederate States of America:

Tennessee, North Carolina,
Virginia, and Arkansas seceded
and join the Confederate
States of America
 Inquiry: Fort Sumter
Activity #4: Read Documents A and B. Answer
the guided reading questions.
 Exit Ticket
Complete the multiple choice and multiple
select review questions.

Place exit tickets in the basket on top of the

drawers.

Complete notes for homework if necessary.

TUESDAY 2-25-2020
 Tuesday
• Bell Ringer
• Answer questions
3 and 4 in your
study guide.
• Explain why or
how you picked
that answer.
Overview:
Students will examine the political changes
that sparked the Civil War, the differences in
the North and South, and the key leaders,
events, battles, and daily life during the war.

8.63 Explain the significance of the following

battles, events, and leaders during the Civil
War, including: •David Farragut •Nathan
Bedford Forrest •Ulysses S. Grant •Thomas
“Stonewall” Jackson •Robert E. Lee
 Notes
• Work with your team to look up and take
notes on the five Civil War Leaders in your
notes.

• Battlefields.org
WEDNESDAY 2-26-2020
Wednesday
Bell Ringer
• Answer questions 5
and 6 in your study
guide.
• Rewrite the question
and answer in a
statement.
Overview:
Students will examine the political changes
that sparked the Civil War, the differences in
the North and South, and the key leaders,
events, battles, and daily life during the war.

8.63 Explain the significance of the following

battles, events, and leaders during the Civil
War, including: •First Battle of Bull Run
•Battle of Shiloh •Battle of Antietam •Battle
of Gettysburg •Battle of Vicksburg
•Sherman’s March to the Sea
 o July 21, 1861
o South called it First Manassas
o Took place near Manassas Junction, Virginia, along a small river called
Bull Run
o First major land battle of Civil War
Lincoln wanted to capture the CSA capitol of Richmond,
Virginia.

o Brigadier General Irvin McDowell o General Beauregard

o 35,000 troops o 31,000 troops
o 3,000 casualties o 2,000 casualties
The Union did not know Confederate General Joseph E.
Johnston was bringing 11,000 reinforcements.
 o After the initial attack, the Union thought they had won
o Confederate Colonel Thomas Jackson and his troops held off the
Union Army at Henry House Hill

o Stonewall Jackson became one of the most famous

Confederate generals of the war

o When Confederate reinforcements arrived, they

launched a counterattack
o Rebel troops screamed as they advanced
o The Rebel Yell became infamous among Union troops
McDowell was forced to retreat.
o The South believed the North didn’t have the will to fight
o The North realized it was going to be a long war
 Ruins of the Henry House
Ruins of Stone Bridge

First Battle of Bull Run National Park.

Intense fighting took place near the Henry House
Battlefield (which was rebuilt).
 o September 17–18, 1862
o First major battle fought in the North (Maryland)
o Single bloodiest day in American military history: 23,000 casualties

o General George B. McClellan o General Robert E. Lee

o 87,000 troops o 38,000 troops
o 12,000 casualties o 11,000 casualties
Why did General Robert E. Lee invade the North?
o Confederate President Jefferson Davis hoped to capture the slave
state of Maryland
o Davis wanted France and Great Britain to recognize the CSA as a real
country
Lee led his troops across the Potomac River into
Maryland in September 1862.

o Lee and his army retreated the evening of the 18th

o Neither side one from a military standpoint, but the Union claimed
victory because they pushed the Rebels from northern soil
o Lincoln announced the Emancipation Proclamation, which freed all
enslaved people in the Confederacy
 Sunken Road aka Bloody Lane
By the end of the day, 5,000 troops lay dead or wounded.

Battlefield
Burnside Bridge
 o May 18 – July 4, 1863
o Halfway between Memphis (TN) and New Orleans (LA)
o On the bank of the Mississippi River in Mississippi

o General Ulysses S. Grant o General John Pemberton

o 77,000 troops o 33,000 troops
o 5,000 casualties o 32,000 casualties
 Why did the Union want Vicksburg?
o Last major Confederate port on the Mississippi River
o The South would no longer be able to send supplies to its troops in
the west
o Texas, Louisiana, and Arkansas would be cut off from the rest of the
CSA
During the campaign Grant captured railroads to
use as Union supply lines and surrounded the
city.
o stopped all supplies from reaching the Rebels
o surrounded the city
o constantly bombed the city
o wanted to force the Confederate Army to surrender

o When food ran out, they began to eat horses, dogs, cats, rats, and
tree bark
o They lived in basements and even dug out caves to stay safe from
the bombings
Pemberton finally surrendered.
o The Union Army had control of the Mississippi River
Map created
1863-1865
that shows
the city,
position of
armies, and
railroad
lines.
 o July 1–3, 1863
o Lee invades the North again: Pennsylvania
o Philadelphia, Boston, and Washington were all at risk of being
attacked

o General George G. Meade o General Robert E. Lee

o 93,000 troops o 72,000 troops
o 23,000 casualties o 28,000 casualties
 Meade marched to meet Lee’s Army.
o A small Union cavalry met two small divisions of Confederate troops
outside Gettysburg on July 1
o This small skirmish became one of the most important battles of the
Civil War

o Lee ordered General R.S. Ewell to seize the

high ground from the Union troops
o Ewell hesitated, and the Union troops dug in
at Cemetery Ridge
 Part of the battlefield with Little Round Top and Round Top in the
distance; adjacent to Cemetery Ridge

General James Longstreet warned Lee that he

would not break through the Union lines.
o Lee believed if he won this battle, the South would win the Civil War
o On July 2 Confederate soldiers attacked the Union Army
 o Longstreet urged Lee again to not attack
o Lee believed the Union Army was almost defeated
On July 3 Union troops opened cannon fire on the
Rebels.
o Instead of retreating the Rebels tried to charge uphill for three hours
o The Union Army counterattacked and drove the Confederates back
Lee planned another attack for later that day.
o Confederate General George Pickett
led 12,000 soldiers to attack Culp’s
Hill Pickett’s Charge
o The soldiers formed a line that
stretched over half a mile
o They had to walk over a mile across
a wide open field to reach the Union
Culp’s Hill where Pickett’s front line
Charge took place
 Pickett’s Charge
o As soon as the Confederates were within range, the Union Army
began firing upon them
o The Confederates continued to advance
o The Confederates then lowered their bayonets, screamed the Rebel
Yell, and charged
For the next hour
gruesome hand-to-hand
combat took place.
o The Rebels retreated
The Battle of Gettysburg
was a turning point in the
war because the South
never invaded the North
Scene of Pickett’s Charge again
 o Sherman wanted to gain control of Savannah next
o Savannah was Confederate’s main port on the Atlantic Ocean
o Sherman took his cache of weapons and marched his men south
o He took 60,000 men on a 285-mile “March to the Sea”
o Lincoln, Grant, and Sherman believed the
strength of the Confederacy came from the
civilians who provided supplies and support.
o They believed if they frightened and made
southern civilians lives miserable, they would
demand an end to the war

o The Union Army had only fought directly against the Confederate
forces
o Now they would fight against anyone who supported the Confederacy
and destroy private property
o During the march Confederate troops burned bridges and barns filled
with supplies so the Union Army couldn't use them

o Sherman split his army into multiple groups to cause as much

damage as possible

Sherman’s troops left a A destroyed railroad

path of destruction.
 o Union troops stole supplies from farms and plantations
o They killed livestock to eat
o Anything they could not carry, they burned or destroyed

o Sherman wanted to send a message to

Confederate sympathizers
o Cotton gins, lumbar mills, and other factories
were destroyed
Southern morale was at an all
time low.
o When Sherman and his army arrived in
Savannah on Dec. 21, the Confederate Army
had already fled the city
o The mayor of Savannah surrendered with little
resistance
o The destruction of Sherman’s march and the loss of Savannah was
the beginning of the end for the South
o Sherman and his army left Savannah at the end of January and
marched north through the Carolinas
o With the Union taking control of
northern Confederate states and
pushing the Rebels back, Lee and
his army are surrounded in
Virginia
o On April 9, 1865, Lee formally
surrenders to Grant at
Appomattox Courthouse
THURSDAY 2-27-2020
Thursday
Bell Ringers
• Answer questions
7 and 8 in your
study guide.
• Rewrite the
questions and
answer as a
statement.
Overview:
Students will examine the political changes
that sparked the Civil War, the differences in
the North and South, and the key leaders,
events, battles, and daily life during the war.

8.63 Explain the significance of the following

battles, events, and leaders during the Civil
War, including: •First Battle of Bull Run
•Battle of Shiloh •Battle of Antietam •Battle
of Gettysburg •Battle of Vicksburg
•Sherman’s March to the Sea
 Shiloh: The Fiery Trail
Watch the video and take notes on page 7 of your
study guide.
• What did the Union hope to accomplish?
• What is Bloody Pond?
• What is Hornet’s Nest?
• Who won?
• Why is Shiloh significant?

https://youtu.be/9PK7VCN_q58
 Exit Ticket
Why is Shiloh Significant?
FRIDAY 2-28-2020
Friday
• Bell Ringers
• Answer questions
7 and 8in your
study guide.
• Rewrite the
questions and
answer as a
statement.
Overview:
Students will examine the political changes
that sparked the Civil War, the differences in
the North and South, and the key leaders,
events, battles, and daily life during the war.
8.62 Describe the outbreak of the Civil War and the resulting
sectional differences, including: Roles of President Abraham Lincoln
and Jefferson Davis •Significance of Fort Sumter

8.63 Explain the significance of the following battles, events, and

leaders during the Civil War, including: •First Battle of Bull Run
•Battle of Shiloh •Battle of Antietam •Battle of Gettysburg •Battle of
Vicksburg •Sherman’s March to the Sea
 Review
Review as a class the notes on the Major Battles.
 Exit Ticket
Civil War Part 2 Kahoot.