Chapter 2

Chapter 2
METHODS
2.1 Research Methodology
This chapter gives data on the investigate strategies of our research; also,
it includes the process we have used to collect information and the data for the
purpose of our study used by the researchers that can help us to initialize more
details about the problem. The survey research method has been chosen to
determine if the students is satisfied on the current library system they’re using.
The survey instrument is in the form of a questionnaire to find out the respondent's
perception in terms of using the current library system. The statistical treatment of
data and data gathering procedure are also included in this chapter.
Product Backlog
The Product Backlog is an ordered list of everything that is known to be needed in
the product. It is the single source of requirements for any changes to be made to
URDANETA CITY UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE
the product. The Product Owner is responsible for the Product Backlog, including
its content, availability, and ordering.
Sprint Backlog
The Sprint Backlog is the set of Product Backlog items selected for the Sprint, plus
a plan for delivering the product Increment and realizing the Sprint Goal. The Sprint
Backlog is a forecast by the Development Team about what functionality will be in
the next Increment and the work needed to deliver that functionality into a “Done”
Increment.
Sprint
A sprint, a time-box of one month or less during which a “Done”, useable,
and potentially releasable product Increment is created. Sprints have consistent
durations throughout a development effort. A new Sprint starts immediately after
the conclusion of the previous Sprint.
Sprint Planning
Sprint Planning is time-boxed to a maximum of eight hours for a one-month Sprint.
For shorter Sprints, the event is usually shorter. The Scrum Master ensures that
the event takes place and that attendants understand its purpose. The Scrum
Master teaches the Scrum Team to keep it within the time-box.
Daily Scrum
Daily Scrum is a 15-minute time-boxed event for the Development Team to
synchronize activities and create a plan for the next 24 hours. The Daily Scrum is
UCU Library Management System using RFID and Raspberry Pi utilizing single board computing P a g e | 15
held every day of the Sprint. At it, the Development Team plans work for the next
24 hours. This optimizes team collaboration and performance by inspecting the
work since the last Daily Scrum and forecasting upcoming Sprint work. The Daily
Scrum is held at the same time and place each day to reduce complexity.
Sprint Review
Sprint Review is held at the end of the Sprint to inspect the Increment and adapt
the Product Backlog if needed. There could have been a single deployment or
many deployments during a Sprint which lead up to that Increment to be inspected.
Sprint Retrospective
The Sprint Retrospective is an opportunity for the Scrum Team to inspect itself and
create a plan for improvements to be enacted during the next Sprint.
2.2 Research Design Phase
Zero level DFD- UCU Library Management System
This is the Zero level DFD of UCU Library Management System, where we have
elaborated the high level process of UCU Library. It’s a basic overview of the whole
UCU Library Management System or process being analyzed or modeled. It
should be easily understood by a wide audience and we have described the high
level flow of the UCU Library System.
Figure 2.a Zero level DFD- UCU Library Management System
High Level Entities and Process Flow of Library Management System:
 Managing all the Students
 Managing all the Inventory
 Managing all the Books
 Managing all the Report Generation
Flow Chart of the System
The system flow diagram is a visual representation of all processed in sequential
order.
The System flow chart diagram is a graphical representation of the relation
between all the major parts or step of the system. Flow chart diagram cannot
include minor parts of the system.
PROCESS OF TIME IN/TIME OUT
The process of time in/time out of the students when they come in and come out
the library starts by tapping the id in the rfid reader that is uses for the logging of
the student. The information of the student and the time of coming in library will be
store to the database and will also be sent to the system of the librarian. When the
student comes out of the library, the student will tap again his/her id and the time
coming out of the library will be store to the database and will also be sent to the
librarian’s system.
Star
t
Go to the Library
Tap your I.D in the RFID

reader
Time in sent to the system
Tap your I.D in the RFID

reader
Time out sent to the system
Sto
p
Figure 2.b Process of Time in/Time out
PROCESS OF SEARCHING BOOKS
The process in searching of books will start when the student will go to the
computer that is using for searching of books and input the details of the books
that is needed in the fields, if inputting of the details of the books is finished press
the search button and the result will show up. If there are no result, check if the
details of the books you inputted is correct or no typographic errors. There is also
a case that the book you are searching is not available in the library.
Start
Go to the Computer
Input the details of

the Book in the
Fields
NO YES
Is there any You are lucky
results
Figure 2. d Process of Searching of Books

Stop
PROCESS OF BORROWING OF BOOKS
The process in borrowing of books will start when the student will present the books
that the student will borrow in the librarian’s desk. The librarian will tap the book in
rfid reader and will ask the student if the student will borrow the books overnight
or will just photocopy it. If the student chose overnight, the student needs to return
the book 9am in the morning, if the student chose photocopy, the student needs
to return the books after 30 mins. After that, the librarian will tap the student’s id
for validation.
Start
Present the Books and

Id in the librarian desk
Tap the Book in

the RFID reader
YES NO
Return the Books Select other
Photoco
after 30mins Borrow Type
py
YES NO
Return the Book
9AM in the Morning Overni
ght
Tap ID
Get the Books
Figure 2.e Process of Borrowing of Books

PROCESS OF RETURNING OF BOOKS
The process in returning of books will start if the student will bring the books in the
librarian’s desk and the librarian checks if the books are damaged and not
complete, if the books are damaged, the student will pay the pay or replace the
books that has a damage. If the books is perfectly fine, the librarian will check if
the student returned the books on time, if the student didn’t return the books on
the given time, the student will be penalize before the librarian change the status
of the books for the student returned.
Start
YES NO
Bring the Book in Are the Check Penalties
the Librarian Desk Books
Damaged?
YES
NO YES
Are the Changed the Is it
Borrowed
Status to Overdu
Books
e
Complete? Returned
NO
Replace/Pay the Compute Penalties

Stop
Damaged Books
Pay Penalties
Sto
p
Figure 2.f Process of returning of books
PROCESS OF INVENTORY OF BOOKS
The process of inventory of books will start when the librarian will go to the
inventory section of the system where all the information of the books are stored.
The librarian will search the specific document she/he needed. If the inventory of
books is balance, the librarian will create the inventory report.
Star
t
Go to the inventory
section in the system
specific
Search the
document needed
No Yes
Is the Create inventory
inventor report
y
balance
Print
Figure 2. b Process of Inventory of Books
Stop
ER Diagram of the System
Overall UCU Library Management System using RFID and Raspberry utilizing
single board computing is a project to help the students as well as the staff of the
library to maintain the library in the best way possible and also to reduce the human
efforts.
Figure 2.g ER Diagram of the System
2.3 Respondents of the Study
The respondents of the study will be the ten (10) percent of the population
of the students coming from the different colleges and library staff of Urdaneta City
University (A.Y 2019-2020). These respondents are the one who is knowledgeable
enough to answer the problems posed in the present study. They explained the
questionnaire that the researchers gave them which supplies the information that
the researchers need.
The respondents who compromised the total population of the study have a total
of three hundred eighty four (384) as computed from the Sloven’s formula;
𝑁
𝑛 = 1+𝑁𝑒 2 e=.05
2.4 Data Gathering Procedure
Before the administration of the questionnaire, the researchers sought
permission to conduct the study from the Acting University Librarian, Jocelyn S.
Rivera, RL . It was validated by the research adviser, Engr. Jermine V. Dacanay.
The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire checklist. Likewise,
the researchers personally distributed the questionnaire regarding to the study.
After which, the researchers collected the questionnaire and tabulated the
research for computation, analysis and interpretation. Documentary evidences
were also gathered to validate the questionnaire.
2.5 Data Gathering Instrument
The researcher will prepare the question and ask the randomly students on
the different college of Urdaneta City University and some library staff. The
questionnaire will be the major instrument used in this study.
Question on Urdaneta City University Library Management System Using

RFID and Raspberry Pi Utilizing Single Board Computing at Urdaneta City
University Academic Year 2019-2020
NAME: __________________________________
(Optional)
COURSE & YEAR: __________________________
This questionnaire aims to assess the services and general satisfaction of library users.
Please fill out the necessary details. Put check () on corresponding box /table.
5 = Excellent 4 = Very Good 3 = Good 2 = Fair 1 = Poor
5 4 3 2 1
Provisions of books, references and

computers
Reliability and usability of computers
Updates of magazines, brochures,
newspapers and other reading materials.
User-friendly library system and catalogue.
Availability of books, magazines, journals,
etc.
Cleanliness and comfort in the library.
Clear posting of Library rules and
announcements for staff and students.
Observance of Professionalism displayed by
Library Staff who attends to my request.
Information on the services offered by the
library
Overall satisfaction with the available
services in the library.
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR LIBRARY STAFF
Dear Sir/Madam,
We are conducting a research study on the topic 'UCU Library Management
System using RFID and Raspberry Pi utilizing single board computing’ as part of
our requirement in fulfilling a degree of Bachelor of Science in Computer
Engineering. For this purpose, a questionnaire has been designed to collect the
data on various aspects of above topic. Your cooperation is appreciable, and you
are requested to kindly fill up the questionnaire. The information provided by you
will be used for only academic purpose and will be kept confidential.
PERSONAL INFORMATION IN DETAILED
Section A
1. Name of the Library Staff: ______________________

2. Age:
21-30
31-40
41 & above
3. Gender:
Male
Female
Section B (Questionnaire)
1. Are you satisfied with your current system?
YES
NO
2. Are you able to monitor the fine and date of issue and date of return of each
book?
YES
NO
3. Do you have any problem in keeping the record of books and issued book due
to lack of storage?
YES
NO
4. Are you able to generate the list of book available in the library and book
issued to student and staff?
YES
NO
5. Do you perform your job efficiently and correctly?
YES
NO
5= Strongly Agree 2= Strongly Disagree
4= Agree 1= Disagree
3= Neither Agree or Disagree
5 4 3 2 1
All the students attending the library do the time
in/time out based on your records.
Automate the process of timing in/timing out of
the students in the library.
Automate the process and transactions in the
library.
Automate the inventory and report generation of
every transactions in the library.
The library facilities and support staff is sufficient.
2.6 STATISTICAL TREATMENT
The data gathered was subjected to appropriate statistical tools approved
by the statistician. Statistical tools were made to obtain valid and reliable
information about the study.
The researchers used appropriate statistical tool to come up with an
accurate and consistent interpretation or analysis of the data gathered in this study.
To determine the distribution of the respondents frequency and percentage tool
was used. The five-point Likert scale was used to determine the level of
satisfaction of the students and library staff to the current system and if they want
to automate the library for better use of services and facilities.

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Chapter 2

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Chapter 2

2.1 Research Methodology

The Product Backlog is an ordered list of everything that is known to be needed in

its content, availability, and ordering.

Backlog is a forecast by the Development Team about what functionality will be in

A sprint, a time-box of one month or less during which a “Done”, useable,

and potentially releasable product Increment is created. Sprints have consistent

durations throughout a development effort. A new Sprint starts immediately after

the conclusion of the previous Sprint.

Sprint Planning is time-boxed to a maximum of eight hours for a one-month Sprint.

Master teaches the Scrum Team to keep it within the time-box.

Daily Scrum is a 15-minute time-boxed event for the Development Team to

24 hours. This optimizes team collaboration and performance by inspecting the

many deployments during a Sprint which lead up to that Increment to be inspected.

create a plan for improvements to be enacted during the next Sprint.

2.2 Research Design Phase

Zero level DFD- UCU Library Management System

UCU Library Management System or process being analyzed or modeled. It

level flow of the UCU Library System.

Figure 2.a Zero level DFD- UCU Library Management System

High Level Entities and Process Flow of Library Management System:

 Managing all the Students

 Managing all the Inventory

 Managing all the Books

 Managing all the Report Generation

Flow Chart of the System

The system flow diagram is a visual representation of all processed in sequential

The System flow chart diagram is a graphical representation of the relation

include minor parts of the system.

PROCESS OF TIME IN/TIME OUT

Tap your I.D in the RFID

Time in sent to the system

Tap your I.D in the RFID

Time out sent to the system

PROCESS OF SEARCHING BOOKS

Input the details of

Figure 2. d Process of Searching of Books

Present the Books and

Tap the Book in

Get the Books

Figure 2.e Process of Borrowing of Books

PROCESS OF RETURNING OF BOOKS

of the books for the student returned.

Replace/Pay the Compute Penalties

PROCESS OF INVENTORY OF BOOKS

books is balance, the librarian will create the inventory report.

Figure 2. b Process of Inventory of Books

ER Diagram of the System

Figure 2.g ER Diagram of the System

2.3 Respondents of the Study

the researchers need.

2.4 Data Gathering Procedure

Before the administration of the questionnaire, the researchers sought

Rivera, RL . It was validated by the research adviser, Engr. Jermine V. Dacanay.

The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire checklist. Likewise,

the researchers personally distributed the questionnaire regarding to the study.

research for computation, analysis and interpretation. Documentary evidences

were also gathered to validate the questionnaire.

2.5 Data Gathering Instrument

questionnaire will be the major instrument used in this study.

Question on Urdaneta City University Library Management System Using

5 = Excellent 4 = Very Good 3 = Good 2 = Fair 1 = Poor

Provisions of books, references and