Tempus Horizon

Post-Metal 101

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Contents
Articles
Post-Metal What? 1
Post-metal 1

Post-Metal Bands - Who? 4

Pelican (band) 4
Isis (band) 7
Cult of Luna 16
Mouth of the Architect 20
Russian Circles 23
Callisto (band) 25

References
Article Sources and Contributors 27
Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 28

Article Licenses
License 29
 1

Post-Metal What?

Post-metal
Post-metal
Stylistic origins Post-rock, heavy metal, shoegazing

Cultural origins Mid 1990s, United States and Sweden

Typical instruments Electric guitar – Bass – Drums – Synthesizer – Other less common instruments, such as cello, minimal use of vocals

Mainstream popularity Low, exists mostly within the metal and post-rock scenes

Regional scenes

California, Chicago, Illinois, New England and Umeå, Sweden

Other topics

Drone metal

Post-metal is a fusion music genre, a mixture between the genres of post-rock, heavy metal, and shoegazing.[1]
Hydra Head Records owner and Isis frontman Aaron Turner originally termed the genre "thinking man's metal",
demonstrating that his band was trying to move away from common metal conventions.[2] "Post-metal" is the
favored name for the growing genre, but it is also referred to as "metalgaze" or "shoegaze metal" as a play on
shoegazing,[3][4] as well as "atmospheric metal",[5] or "experimental metal",[5] though this last term is also used to
describe avant-garde metal.[6]

History
Journalist Simon Reynolds writes that

“the term post-metal seems increasingly useful to describe the vast and variegated swath of genres (the thousand flavors of
doom/black/death/grind/drone/sludge/etc., ad infinitum) that emerged from the early '90s onward. Sometimes beat-free and ambient,
increasingly the work of home-studio loners rather than performing bands, post-metal of the kind released by labels like Hydra Head often
seems to have barely any connection to metal as understood by, say, VH1 Classic doc-makers. The continuity is less sonic but attitudinal: the
penchant for morbidity and darkness taken to a sometimes hokey degree; the somber clothing and the long hair; the harrowed, indecipherably

sounds that ties post-metal back to Judas Priest and Black Sabbath.
[7]
”
growled vocals; the bombastically verbose lyrics/song titles/band names. It's that aesthetic rather than a way of riffing or a palette of guitar

According to Aaron Turner of Isis, experimental bands such as Melvins, Godflesh and Neurosis "laid the
groundwork for us [...] we're part of a recognizable lineage".[2] Although Neurosis and Godflesh appeared earlier and
display elements befitting post-metal, Isis, who like Neurosis are linked to the sludge metal scene,[8][9] are often
credited with laying down the conventions and definition of the genre in less nebulous terms, with their release of
Oceanic in 2002.[10]
Helmet's albums Meantime (1992) and Betty (1994) are cited as having "eschewed the traditional concept of heavy
music" and having "trademarked the drop-d power-groove in 5/4." They may be considered "definitive texts in
post-metal."[11]
Previously, Tool had been labelled as post-metal in 1993[12] and 1996,[13] as well as in 2006,[14] after the term came
into popularity.
Post-metal 2

In 2009, Jim Martin of Terrorizer commented that Neurosis' 1996 album Through Silver in Blood "effectively
invented the post-metal genre".[15]

Characteristics
A typical post-metal set-up includes two or three guitars, a bass guitar, synthesizers, a drum kit and a vocalist.[16][17]
The overall sound is generally very bass-heavy, with guitars being down-tuned to B or lower,[18] the equivalent of a
seven-string guitar. Post-metal songs tend to 'evolve' to a crescendo or climax (or multiple ones within a song),
building upon a repeated theme or chord shift. As Aaron Turner of Isis states, "the standard song format of
verse-chorus-verse-chorus is something that has been done and redone, and it seems pointless to adhere to that
structure when there are so many other avenues to explore".[18]

Criticism of the term

Since this genre is relatively new and is only represented by a small number of artists, the need for an entirely
independent classification of music has occasionally been questioned by music reviewers and listeners. As a label,
some see post-metal as redundant, since some bands listed as post-metal contain many elements similar to doom
metal, progressive metal, sludge metal, and stoner metal. Others, however, argue that these elements have been
combined and altered in ways that go beyond the boundaries of those respective genres, creating the need for a
single, distinguishing label.[19][20]
Pelican's Trevor de Brauw said, "I have an affinity for metal, but I don't think of Pelican as a metal band. So when
people call us 'instrumetal', or post-metal, or metalcore or whatever, I can see why they say that, but it's not
something that I feel a close connection with... I feel our [music] has more in common with punk and hardcore."[21]
Isis is often cited as the source of a shared imagery in post-metal, although bands with similar visual themes playing
in this style existed before Isis greatly popularized the subgenre.[22][23]

References
[1] Jacobs, Koen (4 September 2008). "Metal Gaze - From My Bloody Valentine To Nadja via SunnO)))" (http:/ / thequietus. com/ articles/
00376-in-extremis-metal-gaze). The Quietus. . Retrieved 6 June 2012. "...the recent trend for combining metal’s sense of threat with the
immersive idyll of shoegaze is undeniable, and only one aspect of the ongoing cross-pollination taking place in extreme music. For his part, r
views the ‘metalgaze’ movement as less entropic than cyclical."
[2] Caraminica, Jon. "The alchemy of art-world heavy metal" (http:/ / www. iht. com/ articles/ 2005/ 09/ 19/ features/ heavy. php). The New
York Times. . Retrieved 2005-09-20.
[3] Burgin, Leah (9 November 2009). "Metalgaze gets confused with monotony on Pelican's latest disc" (https:/ / www. michigandaily. com/
node/ 51197/ talk). The Michigan Daily. University of Michigan. . Retrieved 17 April 2012.
[4] Eddy, Chuck (2 April 2012). "Cheat Sheet: Ambient Metal" (http:/ / www. rhapsody. com/ blog/ 2012/ 04/ ambient-metal). Rhapsody. .
Retrieved 17 April 2012.
[5] Buts, Jeroen. "5.1" (http:/ / lib. ugent. be/ fulltxt/ RUG01/ 001/ 414/ 985/ RUG01-001414985_2010_0001_AC. pdf). The Thematical and
Stylistic Evolution of Heavy Metal Lyrics and Imagery From the 70s to Present Day. p. 81. .
[6] Bowar, Chad. "What Is Heavy Metal?" (http:/ / heavymetal. about. com/ od/ heavymetal101/ a/ 101_history. htm). About.com. . Retrieved
2010-04-25.
[7] "Grunge's Long Shadow" (http:/ / www. slate. com/ articles/ arts/ music_box/ 2009/ 05/ grunges_long_shadow. single.
html#pagebreak_anchor_2). Slate. . Retrieved 2010-11-14.
[8] http:/ / exclaim. ca/ Interviews/ FromTheMagazine/ neurosis_are_insulated
[9] http:/ / www. allmusic. com/ album/ the-red-sea-r428827/ review
[10] Thompson, Ed (2006-11-22). "In the Absence of Truth Review" (http:/ / uk. music. ign. com/ articles/ 747/ 747458p1. html). IGN. .
Retrieved 2007-05-09. "...many credit the band with being the inspiration of the term post-metal after the release of their 2002 album
Oceanic..."
[11] "HELMET Rediscovery" (http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/ 20070831112757/ http:/ / www. xpressmag. com. au/ archives/ 2007/ 03/
helmet_rediscov. php). X-Press Online. 2007-03-28. Archived from the original (http:/ / www. xpressmag. com. au/ archives/ 2007/ 03/
helmet_rediscov. php) on 2007-08-31. . Retrieved 2007-03-31.
Post-metal 3

[12] Ferman, Dave (1993-07-30). "At the main stage..." (http:/ / nl. newsbank. com/ nl-search/ we/ Archives?p_product=ST& s_site=dfw&
p_multi=ST& p_theme=realcities& p_action=search& p_maxdocs=200& p_topdoc=1& p_text_direct-0=0EAF8F12C40B57C7&
p_field_direct-0=document_id& p_perpage=10& p_sort=YMD_date:D) (fee required). Fort Worth Star-Telegram, archived by NewsBank. .
Retrieved 2007-05-09. "Tool's vicious, post-metal attack is one of the more intense offerings of the day..."
[13] Augusto, Troy J. (1996-10-16). "Live Performances: Tool" (http:/ / www. variety. com/ review/ VE1117905701. html?categoryid=34&
cs=1). Variety. . Retrieved 2007-05-09. "The group's rhythm section, featuring new bassist Justin Chancellor, propelled the group's post-metal
stylings with a twisted, near-jazz approach."
[14] Baca, Ricardo (2006-09-08). "Reverb, 9/01: Tool" (http:/ / www. denverpost. com/ entertainment/ ci_4298028). The Denver Post. .
Retrieved 2007-05-09. "...Tool's bag of post-metal goodies, and it's every bit as fear-inducing as it was in 1993."
[15] Jim Martin, "Retroaction," Terrorizer #188, September 2009, p. 80.
[16] Cult of Luna#Members
[17] Callisto official biography (http:/ / www. callistochaos. com/ bio. php)
[18] Porosky, Pamela. "Aaron Turner and Michael Gallagher interview" (http:/ / www. guitarplayer. com/ story. asp?storyCode=78). Guitar
Player. . Retrieved 2006-09-06.
[19] Bosler, D. Shawn (2008-03-27). "Review of Jarboe and Justin Broadrick's J2" (http:/ / pitchfork. com/ reviews/ albums/ 11272-j2/ ).
Pitchfork Media. . Retrieved 2011-12-18.
[20] Bowar, Chad. "Isis - In the Absence of Truth Review" (http:/ / heavymetal. about. com/ od/ cdreviews/ fr/ isisintheabsenc. htm). About.com.
. Retrieved 2011-12-01.
[21] Diver, Mike (2007-03-27). "Pelican: "We're neither trend setters nor trend followers"" (http:/ / www. drownedinsound. com/ articles/
1801290). Drowned in Sound. . Retrieved 2007-03-29.
[22] Steinbrink, Christian (2006-10-23). "Isis / Red Sparowes - Das Wunder der Auferstehung" (http:/ / www. intro. de/ kuenstler/ interviews/
23037904/ isis__red_sparowes_das_wunder_der_auferstehung). Intro Magazin. . Retrieved 2011-12-01.
[23] http:/ / www. southern. net/ southern/ band/ ISIS0/ biog. php
 4

Post-Metal Bands - Who?

Pelican (band)
Pelican
Origin Chicago, Illinois, United States

Genres Post-metal, sludge metal, post-rock

Years active 2001–present

Labels Hydra Head, Southern Lord

Associated acts Tusk, Isis, Russian Circles, Strawberry Girls

Website [1]
Hydrahead Records site

Members

Trevor de Brauw
Bryan Herweg
Larry Herweg
Dallas Thomas

Pelican is a post-metal quartet from Chicago, Illinois. Established in 2000, the band stems from their native
post-metal scene and is known for their atmospheric and entirely instrumental style. They have released four studio
albums and four EPs and gained television exposure.

Biography and description

The band is known for its dense combinations of different melodies and extended track lengths. Its distinctive sound
draws from stoner rock, doom metal, post-rock, and other influences. Larry Herweg, Trevor de Brauw, and Laurent
Schroeder-Lebec also make up three-quarters of the band Tusk.
Previously signed to Hydra Head Records (which is owned and operated by Aaron Turner of Isis), Pelican is now
part of the Southern Lord Records roster.[2] The label has also announced that Pelican will embark on a tour with
new labelmates Wolves in the Throne Room and that their first release for their new label is an EP titled Ephemeral,
which was released June 6, 2009.[3] Trevor de Brauw stated that the new material would be darker, heavier and more
"riff oriented" than on previous recordings, and Southern Lord stated that an undisclosed guest guitarist who "is very
influential to the band" would be making an appearance on the new recording as well. What We All Come to Need
was released on October 27, 2009.[4] Greg Anderson and Aaron Turner both appeared on the album. In celebration of
the new album, the "Pelican Burger" was served at Kuma's Corner for one night.[5]
In 2012 Pelican announced the release of their new E.P entitled Ataraxia/Taraxis. In April 2012 they also embarked
on a European and UK tour, playing several shows across England as well as shows in Italy, Germany, Finland, the
Dunk Festival in Belgium and the Roadburn Festival in the Netherlands. The support bands for this tour included Bo
Ningen and Tacoma Narrows Bridge Disaster in the UK, and Tombs in Mainland Europe. And in June 2012, they
notified the public of the absence of Laurent.
Pelican (band) 5

Genre
Regarding the band's genre, de Brauw said, "I don’t think of Pelican as a metal band... I feel like we're part of a
trajectory of Midwest bands that kind of blend aggression with a pop sensibility, so while it's easy to classify us with
instrumental bands, we're not instrumental by design. We just didn't know how to put vocals in our music and for it
to sound right."[6]
Speaking on the plethora of labels used to describe Pelican's genre, bassist Bryan Herweg states that "it's flattering,
really", and that "I take that as nobody being able to classify what we're doing. I really don't want to be fixed in one
genre."[7]
As for the instrumental nature of the band, Herweg states that "I think there are limitations that come with having a
vocalist. If we had some big burly man in front screaming, we'd be classified as metal. If we had some scrawny guy
we'd be emo. As it is, no one can pin us down."[7] Touring has evolved the band's style from "drawn-out...
slow-building" to "more direct and faster, and straight to the point" material to provide more energy on stage.[6]

Current members
• Trevor de Brauw - guitar
• Bryan Herweg - bass
• Larry Herweg - drums
• Dallas Thomas (live 2010-present) - guitar

Former members
Laurent Schroeder-Lebec (guitars) (2001-2012)

Discography

Full lengths
• Australasia (2003)
• The Fire in Our Throats Will Beckon the Thaw (2005)
• City of Echoes (2007)
• What We All Come to Need (2009)[4]

EPs
• Pelican (2001)
• March into the Sea (2005)
• Pink Mammoth (2007)
• Ephemeral (2009)
• Ataraxia/Taraxis (2012)
Pelican (band) 6

Splits
• Pelican / Scissorfight / The Austerity Program (2003)
• Pelican / Playing Enemy (2005)
• Pelican / Mono (2005)
• These Arms Are Snakes / Pelican (2008)
• Young Widows / Pelican (2009)

DVDs
• Live in Chicago 06/11/03 (2005)
• After the Ceiling Cracked (Live in London) (2008)

Multi-Format Sets
• After the Ceiling Cracked (2008)

Other appearances
• Metal Swim - Adult Swim compilation album (2010)

Notes
[1] http:/ / www. hydrahead. com/ pelican
[2] "Pelican joins Southern Lord, plans new EP" (http:/ / www. idiomag. com/ peek/ 64358/ pelican). idiomag. 2009-02-12. . Retrieved
2009-02-13.
[3] "Pelican announce "Ephemeral" EP" (http:/ / www. punknews. org/ article/ 33234). Punknews.org. 2009-04-23. . Retrieved 2009-05-03.
[4] PELICAN Completes Work On New Album - Aug. 4, 2009 (http:/ / www. roadrunnerrecords. com/ BLABBERMOUTH. net/ news.
aspx?mode=Article& newsitemID=124646)
[5] Unknown (2009-10-09). "PELICAN Announce In-Store Performances; Pelican Burger Unveiled; CD Pre-order with exclusive content begins
Tuesday" (http:/ / blog. southernlord. com/ ?p=214). Southern Lord blog. . Retrieved 2009-10-11.
[6] Mike Diver (2007-03-27). "Pelican: "We're neither trend setters nor trend followers"" (http:/ / www. drownedinsound. com/ articles/
1801290). Drowned in Sound. . Retrieved 2007-03-29.
[7] Allan Wigley (2006-06-14). "Pelican's music tough to categorize" (http:/ / jam. canoe. ca/ Music/ 2006/ 06/ 14/ 1631268. html). Ottawa Sun. .
Retrieved 2007-08-02.

External links
• Official website (http://hydrahead.tortugarecordings.com/pelican/)
• Hydra Head Records (http://www.hydrahead.com)
• Pelican and other Hydra Head Records merchandise (http://www.hydraheadshop.com)
• Pelican (http://www.myspace.com/pelican) on Myspace
• Pelican (http://www.last.fm/music/Pelican) at last.fm
• Pelican (http://musicbrainz.org/artist/5a797e16-f69a-4957-820f-1152ec19d236.html.html) discography at
MusicBrainz
• Pelican (http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p555330) at Allmusic
• Obnoxious Listeners: Pelican (http://www.obnoxiouslisteners.com/profile/pelican/)
• Interview with Laurent Schroeder of Pelican on Metal Insider (http://www.metalinsider.net/interviews/
pelicans-laurent-schroeder-lebec-on-the-switch-to-southern-lord-records#more-1848)
• Indiepit Article (http://blog.indiepit.com/2009/08/19/pelican-frontman-riffs-about-guest-filled-new-album/)
• Interview with Pelican (http://prankster101.com/music/interview-with-pelican/)
Isis (band) 7

Isis (band)
Isis

Isis performing live at the Great American Music Hall in San Francisco. Visible from left to right are: Michael Gallagher, Jeff Caxide, Aaron
Turner, Bryant Clifford Meyer. In the background is drummer Aaron Harris.
Background information

Origin Boston, Massachusetts, USA

Genres Post-metal, sludge metal, avant-garde metal, progressive metal

Years active 1997–2010

Labels Ipecac, Robotic Empire, Hydra Head, Neurot, Escape Artist

Associated acts Agoraphobic Nosebleed, House of Low Culture, Melvins, Old Man Gloom,
Pig Destroyer, Red Sparowes, Tool, Palms

Website [isistheband.com isistheband.com]

Past members

See Members

Isis (stylized as ISIS) was a Los Angeles, California-based post-metal band, founded in Boston, Massachusetts, with
a career spanning from 1997 to 2010. They borrowed from, and helped to evolve, a sound pioneered by the likes of
Neurosis and Godflesh, creating heavy music consisting of lengthy songs that focus on repetition and evolution of
structure.
The band's last album, Wavering Radiant, was released on 5 May 2009. They disbanded in June 2010, just before the
release of a split EP with the Melvins.

History

Formation and early releases (1997–2001)

Several sessions of experimentation in Boston, Massachusetts led friends Aaron Turner (guitar/vocals; also the
owner of Hydra Head Records and its subsidiary, HH Noise Industries), Jeff Caxide (bass guitar), Chris Mereschuk
(electronics/vocals) and Aaron Harris (drums) to form Isis in late 1997. As Turner states, "Isis formed as a result of
the dissatisfaction with past bands of the founding members. None of us were happy with what we were doing
musically at the time, two of us lived together, we had similar tastes and similar record collections."[1] Isis released a
demo and their first EP, Mosquito Control, in 1998, with this line-up. During a show at the Middle East in Boston,
MA. They sold copies of Mosquito Control attached to a circular sawblade as a very limited print edition. After an
East Coast tour in the summer of 1998 where they were joined by Randy Larsen of Cable on guitar, Mereschuk left
the band. Jay Randall (now of Agoraphobic Nosebleed) soon replaced him, working on Red Sea (1999). However,
his stay would not last long. Isis then recruited guitarist/keyboardist Bryant Clifford Meyer (formerly of The Gersch)
and guitarist Michael Gallagher (formerly of Cast Iron Hike) in 1999. After releasing their debut full-length entitled
Celestial and its sister EP, SGNL>05 (on Neurot Recordings), in 2000, Isis gained national underground attention in
the metal/hardcore scene through tours with Cave In and Neurosis. Isis remained with this lineup until their
Isis (band) 8

dissolution in 2010.
For the SGNL>05 EP, they contacted Justin Broadrick (then of Godflesh) through their friends in Neurosis to remix
the title track from Celestial, which they used as the EP's closer. Following SGNL>05, the band felt a need to expand
its remit, both artistically and in terms of distributive reach.[2] The entire band were avid fans of Melvins, so their
label – Mike Patton's Ipecac Recordings – was instantly put forward as an ideal candidate. Turner's friend James
Plotkin was already working with Ipecac, so he showed some material to Patton, who, unknown to the band, was
already a fan.[2] After discussion, they signed with Ipecac, who went on to issue the band's subsequent studio
albums.[2]

Oceanic (2002–2004)
Whereas Celestial was still deeply rooted in metal and hardcore, 2002's follow-up, Oceanic, saw the band acquire
new characteristics comparable to post-rock and ambient music, significantly aiding in the birth of the genre of
post-metal in what many saw as a logical progression.[3] While much of the material on the album retained the band's
former "metallic" intensity, this departure saw the band appeal to a far wider audience; as a result, Oceanic may be
the group's most noted album to date, and is widely considered a turning-point in the history of the band.[4][5][6]
Turner himself describes it as their "quintessential album".[7] It was at the time their most successful release,
receiving album-of-the-year accolades from Rock Sound and Terrorizer in 2002,[8] In late 2003, Isis relocated to Los
Angeles.[9]
The distinctive tone of material since and including Oceanic had a noticeable impact on avant-garde metal,[10]
helping develop the sound of several contemporaries; Cult of Luna, Pelican, Tides, Rosetta, and Russian Circles all
cite Isis as an influence.[11][12] This underground success attracted the attention of the likes of Mogwai,[13] with
whom they have toured on numerous occasions.
Oceanic Remixes and Reinterpretations was released in 2004, featuring reinterpretations of songs from Oceanic by a
number of influential artists requested by the band. Both Oceanic and Oceanic Remixes feature female vocals by
Maria Christopher of the band 27. The album featured another remix by Justin Broadrick, who has supported Isis on
tours with his band, Jesu, which is signed to Hydra Head Records.

Panopticon (2004–2006)
2004 saw the release of Isis' third album, Panopticon. It signified a further progression many had predicted since
Oceanic, with a more advanced post-rock feel to the music both structurally and in terms of sound. Justin Chancellor
of Tool makes an appearance on the track, "Altered Course". Overall, it was a very well received album, being
awarded 'album of the year' accolades from Rock Sound[14] and reaching No. 47 on Billboard's Top Independent
Albums charts; their first entry into any mainstream charts.[15] Before touring the United States, the band performed
a free concert at the Los Angeles Museum of Contemporary Art, in a manifestation of the widespread recognition the
band had acquired in artistic circles since the release of Oceanic.[16] Reacting to the impact of Oceanic and
Panopticon, Revolver named Isis the twelfth heaviest band of all time in December 2004.[17] On 23 July 2006, they
performed Oceanic in full at KOKO in London as part of All Tomorrow's Parties Don't Look Back season.[18]
Clearing the Eye, the band's only DVD, documenting performances over the past five years throughout the world,
was released by Ipecac on 26 September 2006.[19] Also in September 2006, a collaboration with Aereogramme
entitled In the Fishtank 14 was released as part of a project of Dutch label Konkurrent in which two artists are given
two days' studio time to write and record their work.
Isis (band) 9

In the Absence of Truth (2006–2008)

The band finished recording their fourth full-length album, In the
Absence of Truth, on 9 July 2006. It was released on 31 October 2006
on Ipecac. The record sees the band again evolving in a manner similar
to Oceanic and Panopticon, this time adding new elements of
electronics, song structure, drumming complexity, and vocal
techniques. It sees the emergence of a more melodic sound than before,
and leanings away from previous "drone" inclinations and towards
more traditional metal elements, predominantly in the heavier
sections.[20] It was also their most commercially successful release,
peaking at number 6 on the Billboard Top Heatseekers chart.[15]

Isis were the opening act for Tool's late 2006 North American tour in
support of their new album, 10,000 Days.[21] This led to increased
An example of Isis' stage layout from the 2006
exposure for the band; however, the band members are not particularly
tour with Tool
comfortable with fame, and tend to keep their affairs private. Turner
has stated that "We never imagined that Isis would become as
successful or as popular as it has",[22] and confesses: "[Fans] taking a deeply personal interest in who I am, it fucking
freaks me out. And I really do feel like sometimes when I get approached, I’m retreating into my shell."[11]

Wavering Radiant and break up (2009–2010)

In April 2009, the band won in the category "Best Underground Metal Act" at Revolver's 'Golden Gods' awards
ceremony.[23] The band's fifth studio album, Wavering Radiant, was released shortly afterwards by Ipecac. The CD
saw release on 5 May 2009, and a limited vinyl edition on 29 April 2009. It was produced by "Evil" Joe Barresi after
years of working with Matt Bayles had grown "routine" for the band.[24]
The album's sound continued Isis' legacy of lengthy songwriting, and presents a slight departure from the soft-loud
dynamics which characterised previous releases.[25] Critical appraisal was largely positive;[26] it went on to place
well on a handful of best-of lists at the close of the year.[27] Commercially, it was Isis' most successful release ever,
breaching the Billboard 200 for the first time and gaining international chart presence.[28]
Extensive touring followed the album's release, taking in headlining shows across the United States, Europe, Japan
and Australia with bands including Baroness, Cave In and Melvins.[29][30] The tour took in the 2010 Bonnaroo
Music Festival in Manchester, Tennessee,[31] as well as the Soundwave Festival in Australia.[32]
On 18 May 2010, Isis announced their decision to break up following their final tour, with their final show to be in
Montreal – the location of the band's very first show – on 23 June 2010.[33] Isis collectively stated they have "done
everything we wanted to do, said everything we wanted to say," and, as part of an agreement made by the band at its
formation, it did not wish to be faced with the possibility that it would "push past the point of a dignified death."[34]
In the wake of their breakup, they released a split EP with the Melvins in July 2010, featuring the Japanese Wavering
Radiant bonus track "Way Through Woven Branches" and the unreleased song "The Pliable Foe",[35][36] and Hydra
Head Records have announced that the entire series of live albums will see digital re-release from May to July
2011.[37]
Isis (band) 10

Genre
Turner cites Swans, Melvins, Tool, Godflesh, and Neurosis as influences to Isis' sound, saying "those bands laid the
groundwork for us [...] we're part of a recognizable lineage."[38] Early releases were derided as imitative of
predecessors Neurosis, and he admits that the comparisons weren't "completely unjustified". However, material since
(and including) Oceanic has not been so often likened to Neurosis; in fact, it has become the case that it is Isis who
are being imitated in a burgeoning post-metal scene.[11][39]
In terms of categorisation, Isis have been described as post-rock, a genre which leans away from the traditional
elements of choruses, verses, repetitive vocals, or fast riffing – what Turner describes as "guitar theatrics."[40]
However, post-rock has what is essentially a halcyon sound: one devoid of aggressive vocals and distorted guitars.
Isis, however, have hardcore/sludge origins (especially in their pre-Celestial era) and hardcore-like vocals. Their
music includes elements of hardcore, drone, sludge, indie, ambient music, and post-rock; yet none of these labels
defines their sound fully. Critic Dan Epstein notes that "though [Isis were] originally lumped in with the hardcore
and doom-metal scenes, the band has long since transcended the musical boundaries of those genres".[16] However,
their ongoing acceptance within the pantheon of hardcore music is attested to by Converge's Jacob Bannon, who has
gone on record saying that "if I wanna listen to emotional music which I guess is contemporary [...] I'll listen to Isis
or something like that - something that is emotional, powerful music."[41]
Turner, when asked to define Isis, described their sound as "avant-garde, drone-oriented rock, but that doesn't
completely cover the bases".[42] At the same time, he is reticent about settling on one label exclusively, and steers
away from the use of specific genre labels – "'heavy, atmospheric, droning, post-epic, post-metal, shoegazer blah
blah blah.'"[11] When asked how he reacts to being asked to define Isis' sound, he admits "I never know what to say.
I'm almost afraid of perpetuating a new tag."[43] Likewise, he also describes their music using a slightly more
open-ended tag: as "thinking man's metal";[38] however, this tag refers to the intellectual elements behind the music,
as opposed to exclusively aural ones.
Due to the difficulty in pigeonholing, some fans and critics label Isis as post-metal.[8][11] This genre is accepted to
contain similar-sounding contemporaries such as Pelican, Cult of Luna and Callisto; however, Isis are often credited
with the formulation of the genre with the release of Oceanic.[44]
The music of Isis is not suitable for mainstream release or commercial radio playtime due to extensive song length
and niche appeal; as guitarist Michael Gallagher states, "we've never tried to be on the radio, and we've never tried to
please others. We've simply done whatever we've wanted to do, and we've all decided to be happy with the
results."[45]

Conceptual elements
Turner has gone on record saying "I like the idea of preserving at least a little shred of mystery and making the band
to be more an entity—without hopefully sounding too pretentious — as a work of art [than a traditional rock
band]".[13] Turner has also said in an interview in New Zealand music magazine Rip It Up that "we don't want to
hand-feed everything to the listener. We just want to have a sense of mystery". There is a definite attitude that art and
music are interchangeable and synonymous to the band; he feels that "the songwriting and the artwork come from
the same place".[13] This logic relates to visual and aural aspects as well as overt intellectualisation, through literary
references and driving philosophies.[1][40] Books such as Don Quixote, House of Leaves, Labyrinths and the
philosophies of Jeremy Bentham have all played a role in shaping the themes of Isis' releases.[11]
There is an overt intention of progressing heavy music present in Isis' output; a desire to further the intellectual cause
that pushes them forward.[46] This is evident within the clear progression of their sound from release to release, their
influence on heavy music, and their acceptance in art circles where other metal bands are not so readily embraced.
Their stated goal is "not to break away from the scene that [they] came from, but to expand upon it".[13] Publications
such as Terrorizer attest to how Turner has completed his goal, explaining that "Aaron Turner has loosened hardcore
Isis (band) 11

from its geographical roots, and in the process created an intimate, yet immeasurable vision all of his own".[47]
Turner has complained that "metal in general has long been unjustly maligned as solely the province of
knuckle-dragging meatheads [...] That said, there's never been a group of musicians like there is now, who are
helping to advance the form."[38]

Themes
Most of Isis' releases revolve around a theme.[10] While each release has its own unique theme, many of the major
releases interconnect. Turner has stated: "we wanted to have albums that weren't just grab-bags of songs but rather a
cohesive experience from beginning to end, from the music to the lyrics to the layout of the record."[40]
No Isis album contains an explicit diegesis, or story arc, instead focusing on themes rather than stories. As such,
releases are defined by some as "pseudo-concept albums".[22] The band see lyrics as important, but at the same time,
Turner does not feel it necessary to enunciate every word.[11][48] Instead, any connections made are mainly
conjecture, and the formation of a theme takes into account the album artwork, previous albums, track titles and the
use of metaphor just as much as lyricism. Oceanic tells a convoluted tale involving love, incest and suicide by
drowning.[49] This relates to the theme of the all-powerful female, present lyrically in every album except
Panopticon. Turner does not explicitly acknowledge an "overtly feminine theme"; however, he does state: "I just
think it's interesting to include that as part of what we do, simply because metal, especially, is considered to be this
very male-oriented, testosterone-driven art form, and I feel like it's important to recognize the other side of our
nature. As manly as we might or might not be, we have to acknowledge that there is a feminine part of our persona,
and that the world isn't made up of absolutes. To achieve balance, you have to recognize every facet of yourself and
everyone else around you."[22] Certain threads do reappear between albums, notes Turner. "There are certain themes
which reoccur in my work just because of what I'm interested in and what is aesthetically pleasing for me", he says.
"The idea of futuristic utopias and dystopias is probably something that does consciously and subconsciously return
time and time again [...] and sometimes I just can't help the fact that these themes creep into my work whether it's
conscious or not".[50] The other two ongoing motifs in the lyrics and artwork are that of towers and mosquitos.[51]
Panopticon was an overtly political release, and arguably the clearest statement made within their music as of yet.[10]
It displayed fears of surveillance and of tacit governmental influence; its namesake, the panopticon, was Jeremy
Bentham's concept for a prison system in which all the prisoners can be viewed by one guard in a central tower,
without being able to know whether they are being observed or not. Bentham described the Panopticon as "a new
mode of obtaining power of mind over mind, in a quantity hitherto without example."[52] Quizzed on government
conspiracies, Turner states: "I do believe that each and every day our government and the huge corporate entities of
this country lie to us about numerous subjects. In this respect we are all victims of a huge conspiracy—most of those
in power are only concerned with the advancement of their agendas and have no qualms about deceiving and hurting
the American people."[1]
After constantly explaining concepts and story outlines to interviewers and fans, Turner chose to keep the thematic
basis of In the Absence of Truth quiet. "Through explaining the last two albums time and time again, I just started to
become weary of the topic, and I started to feel like I was losing my connection to the music and the lyrics simply
from having repeated it so many times [...] I feel there's a lot of emphasis these days placed on explaining everything
in such a fashion that there's really nothing left for the listener or reader to explore themselves. It's all spelled out,"
Turner continues. "So it's interesting to leave some of that stuff open-ended so they have do to a little bit of legwork
themselves."[22] He was similarly reticent about revealing much which went into Wavering Radiant, beyond noting
that Carl Jung's theories, and dreams, served as inspiration.[53]
Isis (band) 12

Members

Last active line-up

• Jeff Caxide – bass
• Michael Gallagher – guitar
• Aaron Harris – drums
• Bryant Clifford Meyer – electronics, keyboards, guitar, vocals
• Aaron Turner – guitar, vocals

Past
• Chris Mereschuk – electronics, vocals (1998–1999)
• Jay Randall – electronics (1999–2000)

Collaborators
• Maria Christopher and Ayal Naor of 27 (both of whom
contributed to Oceanic)
• Justin Chancellor of Tool (who contributed to the song "Altered
Course" on Panopticon)
• Agoraphobic Nosebleed (collaborated on a cover of Melvins'
Aaron Turner
"Boris" for We Reach: The Music of the Melvins)
• Aereogramme (collaborated on the Konkurrent release In the
Fishtank 14)
• Adam Jones of Tool (who contributed to the songs "Hall of the
Dead" and "Wavering Radiant" on Wavering Radiant)

Side projects
• Old Man Gloom (Turner)[54]
• House of Low Culture (Turner, Caxide)[55]
• Lotus Eaters (Turner)[56]
• Red Sparowes (Caxide, Meyer)[57]
• Windmills by the Ocean (Meyer)[58]
• MGR (Gallagher)[59]
• Mamiffer (Turner)[60]
• Taiga (Meyer)[61]
• Spylacopa (Caxide)[62]
• Greymachine (Turner)[63]
• Zozobra (Harris)[64]
• Twilight (Turner)[65]

Jeff Caxide
Isis (band) 13

Discography
• Celestial (2000)
• Oceanic (2002)
• Panopticon (2004)
• In the Absence of Truth (2006)
• Wavering Radiant (2009)

References
[1] "Aaron Turner interview" (http:/ / www. feastofhateandfear. com/ interviews/ isis. html). Feast of Hate and Fear. . Retrieved 29 June 2011.
[2] Hill, Mike (13 May 2011). "Isis' Aaron Turner: Musical Renaissance Man – Exclusive Interview" (http:/ / www. noisecreep. com/ 2011/ 05/
13/ isis-aaron-turner-musical-renaissance-man-exclusive-intervi/ ). Noisecreep. AOL. . Retrieved 29 June 2011.
[3] Serba, John. "Review of Oceanic" (http:/ / www. allmusic. com/ album/ r605063). allmusic. Rovi Corporation. . Retrieved 25 November
2006.
[4] Martinelli, Roberto. "Review of Oceanic" (http:/ / maelstrom. nu/ ezine/ review_iss10_495. php). Maelstrom Zine. . Retrieved 11 November
2006.
[5] "Isis" (http:/ / www. ipecac. com/ bio. php?id=15) (Press release). Ipecac Recordings. . Retrieved 11 November 2006.
[6] Downey, Ryan J. "Isis" (http:/ / www. allmusic. com/ artist/ p472173/ biography). allmusic. Rovi Corporation. . Retrieved 3 December 2006.
[7] Diver, Mike. "In The Presence Of Truth: DiS meets Aaron Turner of Isis" (http:/ / www. drownedinsound. com/ articles/ 1434352). Drowned
in Sound. . Retrieved 2 January 2007.
[8] "Isis > Biography" (http:/ / www. southern. net/ southern/ band/ ISIS0/ biog. php) (Press release). Southern Records. . Retrieved 11
November 2006.
[9] Grow, Kory (2004). "Isis" (http:/ / books. google. com/ books?id=9CoEAAAAMBAJ& lpg=PA10& dq=aaron turner&
pg=PA10#v=onepage& q=aaron turner& f=false). CMJ (129): 10. . Retrieved 2 July 2011.
[10] Lee, Cosmo. "Review of In the Absence of Truth" (http:/ / www. stylusmagazine. com/ reviews/ isis/ in-the-absence-of-truth. htm). Stylus
Magazine. . Retrieved 26 November 2006.
[11] Bonazelli, Andrew. "Isis" (http:/ / www. decibelmagazine. com/ features/ nov2006/ isis. aspx). Decibel. . Retrieved 9 November 2006.
[12] "An Interview with Donny, Rob, Benny, and Augie of Tides..." (http:/ / www. stonerrock. com/ interviews/ index. asp?InterviewID=163).
StonerRock.com. 31 August 2005. . Retrieved 20 September 2006.
[13] Young, Craig. "Isis" (http:/ / www. earpollution. com/ v2/ vol5/ interviews/ isis/ index. html). earpollution. . Retrieved 23 November 2006.
[14] Bennet, J (November 2004). "Review of Panopticon". Rock Sound (66).
[15] "Artist Chart History - Isis" (http:/ / www. billboard. com/ #/ artist/ isis/ chart-history/ 436397). Billboard. . Retrieved 19 February 2011.
[16] Epstein, Dan (February 2005). "The Art of War" (http:/ / replay. web. archive. org/ 20080101080606/ http:/ / www. revolvermag. com/
features/ 2005/ february/ isis/ index. html). Revolver. . Retrieved 25 April 2011.
[17] "The 50 Heaviest Bands Ever". Revolver (31): 58. December 2004.
[18] Diver, Mike (3 April 2006). "Literally OMG: Isis to play Oceanic in London" (http:/ / drownedinsound. com/ news/
745247-literally-omg--isis-to-play-oceanic-in-london). Drowned in Sound. . Retrieved 2 January 2007.
[19] Kerr, Dave (13 October 2006). "Just a group of guys, throwing it down" (http:/ / www. theskinny. co. uk/ article/
37137-isis---clearing-the-eye). The Skinny. . Retrieved 19 April 2011.
[20] Bennet, J. (August 2006). "Isis: Hear No Evil, Speak No Evil". Rock Sound (87): 32–4.
[21] "Tours: Isis / Tool" (http:/ / www. punknews. org/ article/ 18552). Punknews. 10 July 2006. . Retrieved 27 April 2011.
[22] D'Andrea, Niki (22 February 2007). "Covert Concepts: Inside the intellectual mystery metal of Isis" (http:/ / www. phoenixnewtimes. com/
2007-02-22/ music/ covert-concepts/ ). Phoenix New Times. Village Voice Media. . Retrieved 12 May 2007.
[23] "REVOLVER'S GOLDEN GODS REVEALED!" (http:/ / www. revolvermag. com/ node/ 3027). Revolver. . Retrieved 29 April 2009.
[24] Debenedictus, Matt (5 May 2009). "Behind 'Wavering Radiant', an Interview With Aaron Harris of Isis" (http:/ / replay. waybackmachine.
org/ 20090618042646/ http:/ / www. noisecreep. com/ 2009/ 05/ 05/ behind-wavering-radiant-an-interview-with-aaron-harris-of-isi/ ).
Noisecreep. Archived from the original (http:/ / www. noisecreep. com/ 2009/ 05/ 05/
behind-wavering-radiant-an-interview-with-aaron-harris-of-isi/ ) on 18 June 2009. . Retrieved 21 March 2011.
[25] Cole, Matthew (6 May 2009). "Isis: Wavering Radiant" (http:/ / www. slantmagazine. com/ music/ review/ isis-wavering-radiant/ 1724).
Slant. . Retrieved 11 April 2011.
[26] "Isis: Wavering Radiant (2009)" (http:/ / www. metacritic. com/ music/ wavering-radiant). Metacritic. . Retrieved 11 April 2011.
[27] Lists Wavering Radiant appeared on included:
• "Allmusic's Favorite Metal Albums of 2009" (http:/ / blog. allmusic. com/ 2009/ 12/ 18/ allmusics-favorite-metal-albums-of-2009/ ).
Allmusic. 18 December 2009. . Retrieved 12 April 2011.
• Yates, Catherine (January 2010). "Top 40 Albums of 2009". Decibel (63): 62.
• Davenport, Jon (22 December 2009). "Best Albums of 2009 (No. 30 – No. 21)" (http:/ / www. adequacy. net/ 2009/ 12/
best-albums-of-2009-30-21/ ). Delusions of Adequacy. . Retrieved 31 March 2011.
Isis (band) 14

• Begrand, Adrien (11 December 2009). "The Best Metal Albums of 2009" (http:/ / www. popmatters. com/ pm/ column/
116964-the-best-metal-albums-of-2009/ P1/ ). PopMatters. . Retrieved 12 April 2011.
• "Top 75 Albums of 2009: Part Three" (http:/ / www. rocksound. tv/ news/ article/ top-75-albums-of-2009-part-three). Rock Sound. 9
December 2009. . Retrieved 12 April 2011.
[28] "Wavering Radiant Chart History" (http:/ / www. billboard. com/ #/ album/ isis/ wavering-radiant/ 1249410). Billboard. . Retrieved 18
February 2011.
[29] Summers, Geoff (28 April 2009). "Tombs to Join Isis, Pelican on Tour" (http:/ / www. noisecreep. com/ 2009/ 04/ 28/
tombs-to-join-isis-pelican-on-tour/ ). Noise Creep. . Retrieved 11 April 2011.
[30] "Isis Announce New UK Dates" (http:/ / www. rocksound. tv/ news/ article/ isis-announce-new-uk-dates). Rock Sound. 3 September 2009. .
Retrieved 11 April 2011.
[31] "Bonnaroo 2010: Isis In Concert" (http:/ / www. npr. org/ templates/ story/ story. php?storyId=127346601). NPR. 12 June 2010. . Retrieved
19 April 2011.
[32] Edney, Cameron. "Interview: Aaron Turner" (http:/ / www. utopia. com. au/ pages/ interviews/ interview-isis-2. php?). Utopia Records. .
Retrieved 2 May 2011.
[33] Barton, Chris (19 May 2010). "L.A.-based band Isis calls it quits" (http:/ / latimesblogs. latimes. com/ music_blog/ 2010/ 05/
la-band-isis-calls-it-quits. html). Pop & Hiss. LA Times. . Retrieved 19 February 2011.
[34] ISIS: Good Night! (http:/ / isistheband. blogspot. com/ 2010/ 05/ isis-has-reached-end_18. html)
[35] Yancey, Bryne (27 May 2010). "Isis / Melvins split on the way" (http:/ / www. punknews. org/ article/ 38444). Punknews.org. . Retrieved 27
May 2010.
[36] "Torche / Boris Split 10" and Melvins / Isis Split 12" In Stores.... Yesterday!!!" (http:/ / hydraheadlines. blogspot. com/ 2010/ 07/
torche-boris-split-10-and-melvins-isis. html). Hydra Head Records. 14 July 2010. . Retrieved 30 July 2010.
[37] "Isis says goodbye with five live albums" (http:/ / www. punknews. org/ article/ 42553). Punknews. 9 May 2011. . Retrieved 10 May 2011.
[38] Caraminica, Jon (20 September 2005). "The alchemy of art-world heavy metal" (http:/ / www. iht. com/ articles/ 2005/ 09/ 19/ features/
heavy. php). The New York Times. News Corporation. . Retrieved 20 October 2006.
[39] Jurek, Thom. "In the Absence of Truth" (http:/ / www. allmusic. com/ album/ r855262). allmusic. Rovi Corporation. . Retrieved 8 February
2007.
[40] Berrett, Chuck. "The Inevitable Evolution of Isis" (http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/ 20060516141704/ http:/ / www. slugmag. com/ modules.
php?op=modload& name=News& file=article& sid=127). Slugmag. Archived from the original (http:/ / www. slugmag. com/ modules.
php?op=modload& name=News& file=article& sid=127) on 16 May 2006. . Retrieved 8 October 2006.
[41] Martin, Jim (October 2004). "Resistance is Fertile". Terrorizer (124): 10.
[42] "Aaron Turner video interview" (http:/ / www. wennsrockt. de/ index. php?option=com_content& task=view& id=12& Itemid=1) (in
German). wenn's rockt! WebTV. . Retrieved 26 August 2006.
[43] Birk, Nathan T. (January 2007). "Isis: A Glorious Burden". Metal Maniacs: 8–11.
[44] Thompson, Ed (22 November 2006). "One thing is true – this album rocks" (http:/ / uk. music. ign. com/ articles/ 747/ 747458p1. html).
IGN. . Retrieved 30 June 2011.
[45] Porosky, Pamela. "Aaron Turner and Michael Gallagher interview" (http:/ / www. guitarplayer. com/ story. asp?storyCode=78). Guitar
Player. . Retrieved 6 September 2006.
[46] Harris, Chris (26 August 2006). "Tool Opening Act Isis Say They're Ready To Be Booed By Meatheads" (http:/ / www. mtv. com/ news/
articles/ 1539033/ 20060821/ isis. jhtml?headlines=true). MTV. . Retrieved 17 January 2007.
[47] Ipecac Recordings. Isis: Biography 2004 (http:/ / www. border. se/ Press/ Isis/ ISIS_bio. pdf). Press release. Retrieved on 9 February 2007.
(See specifically: Terrorizer January/February 2003.)
[48] Locks, Jesse (March 2005). "Isis" (http:/ / www. findarticles. com/ p/ articles/ mi_m0JSE/ is_291/ ai_n9489177). Thrasher Magazine. .
Retrieved 23 December 2006.
[49] Kelly, Scott (2006). "The Show" (http:/ / www. combatmusicradio. com/ The_Show/ TheShow061305. mp3). Combat Music Radio. .
Retrieved 24 January 2008.
[50] Pitchon, Avi (October 2004). "The Vision Divine". Terrorizer (124): 20–2.
[51] Buts, Jeroen. "5.1" (http:/ / lib. ugent. be/ fulltxt/ RUG01/ 001/ 414/ 985/ RUG01-001414985_2010_0001_AC. pdf). The Thematical and
Stylistic Evolution of Heavy Metal Lyrics and Imagery From the 70s to Present Day. pp. 82-83. "Isis's lyrics for example centred such
concepts as that of the mosquito swarm on their entire first album 'Mosquito Control', a theme which they would refer to very subtly in future
lyrics, visual art, and titles by using words such as 'swarm', 'sting', 'hive' or 'cocoon' and images of mosquito's. Examples are 'Collapse and
Crush', 'Swarm Reigns (Down)' and 'Gentle Time' on their album 'Celestial', which also added imagery of signals and signalling
communication towers."
[52] Bentham, Jeremy (1787). "Preface". Panopticon; or the Inspection-House.
[53] Bennett, J. (June 2009). "Five Alive". Decibel (56): 68–73.
[54] York, William. "Old Man Gloom" (http:/ / www. allmusic. com/ artist/ p442776). allmusic. Rovi Corporation. . Retrieved 29 June 2011.
[55] "House of Low Culture Artist Page" (http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/ 20090614025329/ http:/ / www. neurotrecordings. com/ artists/ holc/
index. aspx). Neurot Recordings. Archived from the original on 14 June 2009. . Retrieved 29 June 2011.
[56] "Lotus Eaters, feat. Stephen O'Malley, Aaron Turner, & James Plotkin, get vinyl treatment (and stain barrier for added protection)" (http:/ /
www. tinymixtapes. com/ news/ lotus-eaters-feat-stephen-omalley-aaron-turner-james-plotkin-get-vinyl-treatment-and-stain-barr). Tiny Mix
Isis (band) 15

Tapes. 18 March 2011. . Retrieved 29 June 2011.

[57] Hopkin, Kenyon. "Red Sparowes" (http:/ / www. allmusic. com/ artist/ p694070). allmusic. Rovi Corporation. . Retrieved 29 June 2011.
[58] "Windmills by the Ocean: Windmills by the Ocean CD" (http:/ / www. webcitation. org/ 5zpbhrjqE). Blue Collar Distro. Archived from the
original (http:/ / www. bluecollardistro. com/ isis/ product_info. php?products_id=1603& cPath=243_244& store=) on 30 June 2011. .
Retrieved 30 June 2011.
[59] Jaschke, Magnus (November 2005). "Interview Isis/MGR" (http:/ / www. creative-eclipse. com/ file/ interviews25. htm). Creative Eclipse. .
Retrieved 30 June 2011.
[60] "Mamiffer (Faith Coloccia & Isis’s Aaron Turner) – "We Speak In The Dark" (Stereogum Premiere)" (http:/ / stereogum. com/ 656932/
mamiffer-faith-coloccia-isiss-aaron-turner-we-speak-in-the-dark-stereogum-premiere/ franchises/ haunting-the-chapel/ ). Stereogum.
Buzzmedia, Inc. 11 March 2011. . Retrieved 30 June 2011.
[61] "Taiga CORE093 onesheet" (http:/ / www. conspiracyrecords. com/ downloads/ promo/ core093/ TAIGA core093 onesheet. pdf) (Press
release). Conspiracy Records. . Retrieved 1 July 2011.
[62] "SPYLACOPA Featuring THE DILLINGER ESCAPE PLAN, CANDIRIA, ISIS Members: Debut EP Due In November" (http:/ / www.
roadrunnerrecords. com/ blabbermouth. net/ news. aspx?mode=Article& newsitemID=103471). Blabbermouth.net. Roadrunner Records. 25
August 2008. . Retrieved 30 June 2011.
[63] Turner, Luke (18 November 2009). "Greymachine: Justin Broadrick and Aaron Turner United" (http:/ / thequietus. com/ articles/
03246-greymachine-justin-broadrick-and-aaron-turner-united). The Quietus. . Retrieved 30 June 2011.
[64] Harris, Aaron. "Discography" (http:/ / cargocollective. com/ AaronHarris/ 601967/ DISCOGRAPHY). . Retrieved 25 April 2011.
[65] Brandon, Stosuy (30 January 2007). "Isis Frontman Joins Black Metal Supergroup Twilight" (http:/ / replay. waybackmachine. org/
20090206165154/ http:/ / www. pitchforkmedia. com/ article/ news/ 40843-isis-frontman-joins-black-metal-supergroup-twilight). Pitchfork
Media. Archived from the original (http:/ / www. pitchforkmedia. com/ article/ news/
40843-isis-frontman-joins-black-metal-supergroup-twilight) on 9 February 2009. . Retrieved 13 September 2008.

External links
• Isis (http://musicbrainz.org/artist/5e521e8c-0ab2-44c4-8fd8-14d8d3321265.html) discography at MusicBrainz
• Isis (http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p472173) at Allmusic
Cult of Luna 16

Cult of Luna
Cult of Luna

Cult of Luna at Peace & Love, Borlänge, Sweden 2009

Background information

Origin Umeå, Sweden

Genres Post-metal, sludge metal, progressive metal, post-rock, art rock

Years active 1998–present

Labels Earache

Associated acts Khoma

Convoj
Phoenix

Website [1]
cultofluna.com

Members

Thomas Hedlund
Andreas Johansson
Fredrik Kihlberg
Magnus Líndberg
Erik Olòfsson
Johannes Persson
Klas Rydberg
Anders Teglund

Past members

Marco Hildén
Axel Stattin

Cult of Luna is a Swedish post-metal band from Umeå.[2] They formed from the remnants of a Umeå hardcore punk
band called Eclipse in 1998. They slowly garnered critical appreciation and underground popularity with early
releases Cult of Luna (2001) and The Beyond (2003); however, it is 2004's Salvation that can be considered their
'breakthrough' release. By cutting down on the somewhat esoteric use of aggression so indicative of doom, it
appealed to a new group of fans. Its calmer sound has earned it favourable reviews in the mainstream music press, a
reputation built upon for the release of Somewhere Along the Highway in 2006, another largely well-received album.
In August 2006, the band released a remake of "Marching to the Heartbeats" from Somewhere Along the Highway
entitled "Heartbeats" solely on the internet community MySpace. The song was available for download for a few
days and was later removed. The point was to see if the song would be kept alive by file sharing, and was also
apparently a statement against the conservative music industry, says keyboardist Anders Teglund in an interview.[3]
Cult of Luna 17

In 2008 the band released its fifth album, Eternal Kingdom. It was released in Europe on June 16, followed by its
release in the United States on July 8.
In 2009 they released a DVD including a live performance from 2008, an interview with the band, as well as all of
the band's videos.[4]
On October 18, 2009, the band announced that their next release would be Eviga riket, a hardback book/audiobook
covering the story and themes from Eternal Kingdom. The book and audiobook are bilingual, printed and spoken
both in Swedish and English. The audiobook contains new pieces of music and soundscapes written by the band.
Eviga riket was released the 23 of February 2010.[5]

Sound
Cult of Luna's sound has progressed from early material being heavily doom metal influenced to one much less
aggressive and more concerned with orchestration. Fans and critics have termed this sound post-metal. The band is
considered to be at the forefront of the genre, along with contemporary proponents Neurosis and Isis. Their evolution
parallels that of the band Jesu.
Its songs are often long, slow, repetitive and crushing, heavy sections of distorted guitars often interspersed with
orchestral interludes and extended, post-rock-esque forays. The group shuns conventional song structures, opting for
a sound that evolves throughout a song, sometimes toward a climactic crescendo, instead of a verse-chorus-verse
pattern. That style, incorporating sections of "light and dark" into their music, has led to comparisons with
contemporaries such as Isis (with whom they have toured), Callisto and Pelican, as well as the significantly older
Neurosis. Singer Klas Rydberg, however, has stated that decidedly Radiohead are an influence.[6] Lately the band as
well as their contemporaries have been heavily influenced by Mogwai, particularly the use of guitar delay and
melodic guitar playing.

Themes
As the band progressed, the imagery they employed became less overt and less "doom metal". In some ways, the
albums showed a shift from anger with modern society as in Cult of Luna, to disgust with the ruling parties in The
Beyond and Salvation. The video [7] for single "Leave Me Here" is concerned with propaganda and tacit
governmental control over the individual. Similar concerns are addressed in contemporaries Isis' Panopticon,
centered on the theme of Big Brother-like government surveillance. Early material made Christian references; to the
devil, Faust[8] and the four horsemen of the apocalypse. Over the course of following albums, these seem to have
disappeared, though Salvation does have overarching spiritual themes.
Somewhere Along the Highway is slightly different from the previous releases in its thematic basis. It focuses on
personal matters, specifically male loneliness,[9] instead of macroscopic concerns addressed in previous albums.

Discography
• Split with Switchblade (7") (2000)
• Cult of Luna (2001)
• Cult of Luna (EP) (2002)
• The Beyond (2003)
• Salvation (2004)
• Somewhere Along the Highway (2006)
• Eternal Kingdom (2008)
• DVD Fire Was Born (2009)
• Audio book Eviga riket (2010)
Cult of Luna 18

They also released a demo before being signed to Earache, as well as a limited edition (1000 prints) two-track 7" just
before the release of Somewhere Along the Highway. It features covers of "Bodies" by The Smashing Pumpkins and
"Recluse" by Unbroken. They also featured on the iTunes-only Earache Records digital album Beasts of Earache,
with a song titled "Ascending From Below". This song is available on the band's MySpace.

Videography
• "The Watchtower" (video edit 3:55) from The Beyond (2003). Directed by Pete Bridgewater. [10]
• "Leave Me Here" (video edit 4:27) from Salvation (2005). Directed by Anders Forsman and Linus Johansson. [7]
• "Back to Chapel Town" (video edit 4:30) from Somewhere Along the Highway (2006). Directed by Johannes
Persson. [11]
All videos are also included on the 2009 DVD Fire Was Born

Members
• Klas Rydberg – vocals
• Johannes Persson – guitars, vocals
• Erik Olofsson – guitars
• Fredrik Kihlberg –guitar, vocals
• Andreas Johansson – bass guitar
• Anders Teglund – keyboards, samples
• Thomas Hedlund – drums
• Magnus Líndberg – percussion

Previous members
• Marco Hildén – drums; appeared on Cult of Luna and The Beyond
• Axel Stattin – bass guitar; appeared on Cult of Luna
Thomas Hedlund, Fredrik Kihlberg and Johannes Persson are also involved in Khoma.

References
[1] http:/ / cultofluna. com
[2] http:/ / www. sputnikmusic. com/ review/ 26739/ Cult-of-Luna-Eternal-Kingdom/
[3] "Cult of Luna testar gränser" (http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/ 20070314001643/ http:/ / www. folkbladet. nu/ 2006/ 08/ 30/
cult-of-luna-testar-granser/ ). Västerbottens Folkblad (Swedish). Archived from the original (http:/ / www. folkbladet. nu/ 2006/ 08/ 30/
cult-of-luna-testar-granser/ ) on March 14, 2007. . Retrieved November 5, 2006.
[4] http:/ / blogs. myspace. com/ index. cfm?fuseaction=blog. view& friendID=2732206& blogID=465279571
[5] http:/ / cultofluna. com/
[6] "Klas Rydberg interview" (http:/ / www. spiritribe. com/ Evetribepages/ Interview/ EnglishVersion/ ColintUK. htm). http:/ / www. spiritribe.
com/ . . Retrieved August 25, 2006.
[7] http:/ / www. earache. com/ bands/ cult_of_luna/ videos/ leave_me_here/ player. html
[8] "Beyond Fate": Take a seat next to thy devil[...]Still got so much more to give in this life/I guess I'm heading for regrets/Once I sold my
soul/That's one sweet regret
[9] Lozano, Francisco. "Erik Olofsson interview" (http:/ / www. metalstorm. ee/ pub/ interview. php?interview_id=376). http:/ / www.
metalstorm. ee. . Retrieved August 25, 2006.
[10] http:/ / www. metalbite. com/ videos/ cultofluna_256. ram
[11] http:/ / www. earache. com/ bands/ cult_of_luna/ videos/ chapel/ player. html
Cult of Luna 19

External links
• Official website (http://www.cultofluna.com/)
• Cult of Luna (http://www.myspace.com/cultofluna) on Myspace
• Cult of Luna (http://musicbrainz.org/artist/d347406f-839d-4423-9a28-188939282afa.html) discography at
MusicBrainz
• Interview and live video at wenn's rockt WebTV (http://wennsrockt.de/cult-of-luna)
• Magnus Lindberg interview @ Metalfan.Ro - English (http://www.metalfan.ro/articol.php?sectiune=2&
id_doc=3408&lng=2)
Mouth of the Architect 20

Mouth of the Architect

Mouth of the Architect

Mouth of the Architect performing at High Five

Background information

Origin Dayton, Ohio, United States

Genres [1]
Sludge metal
[2]
Post-metal
[3]
Doom metal

Years active 2003–present

Labels Translation Loss

Members

Kevin Schindel
Dave Mann
Jason Watkins
Steve Brooks
Joe Lester

Past members

Alex Vernon
Derik Sommer
Brian Cook
[4]
Dan Wilburn
Gregory Lahm

Mouth of the Architect is an American atmospheric post-metal band from Dayton, Ohio, creating music influenced
by and similar to Neurosis,[5] Isis, Pelican, Cult of Luna,[2] and various post-metal bands.[3][4]

Biography
Mouth of the Architect formed in 2003 with the lineup of Jason Watkins, Gregory Lahm, Dave Mann, Alex Vernon,
and Derik Sommer. They released their first album Time and Withering in 2004 to positive reviews.[5]
Soon after the band released a split with label mates Kenoma in 2006, Vernon left, leaving Lahm to record all the
guitar parts on their second album The Ties That Blind which was released in August, and featured Brent Hinds of
Mastodon on guest vocals on one track, and bass from Brian Cook of Botch, Russian Circles, and These Arms are
Snakes.[1] To support The Ties That Blind, the band toured extensively around the United States, first with These
Arms Are Snakes in late 2006,[6] then with 400 Blows and Unsane in May and June 2007.[7]
Mouth of the Architect 21

Their latest album, Quietly, was recorded after Lahm in turn left the band, with Vernon returning alongside
newcomer Steve Brooks to jointly handle guitars and vocals, with Kevin Schindel providing bass. Soon after the
release of the album by Translation Loss Records, Vernon left yet again, with Schindel filling the guitar void.
Schindel, Vernon, Mann and Brooks have been members of the band Twelve Tribes at various points in the past.

Discography
• Time and Withering CD (2004, Translation Loss)
• split EP with Kenoma (2006, Translation Loss)
• The Ties That Blind CD (2006, Translation Loss)
• For the Sick (Eyehategod tribute album, 2007, Emetic Records)
• Quietly CD (July 22, 2008, Translation Loss)
• The Violence Beneath EP (April 17, 2010, Translation Loss)

Members
• Jason Watkins – vocals, keyboards, samples
• Dave Mann – drums
• Steve Brooks – guitar, vocals
• Kevin Schindel – guitar, vocals
• Evan Danielson- bass guitar

Former members
• Alex Vernon – guitar, vocals
• Gregory Lahm – guitar, vocals
• Derik Sommer – bass guitar
• Brian Cook - bass guitar (session musician on The Ties That Blind) (Botch, These Arms Are Snakes)
• Zach Pahl - bass guitar
• Dan Wilburn - guitar
• John Lakes - bass guitar, vocals
• Joe Lester - bass guitar

References
[1] Bowar, Chad. "Mouth Of The Architect - The Ties That Blind" (http:/ / heavymetal. about. com/ od/ cdreviews/ fr/ mouthofarchitec. htm).
About.com. . Retrieved 2008-03-20.
[2] "Mouth of the Architect" (http:/ / www. progarchives. com/ artist. asp?id=2787). ProgArchives. . Retrieved 2008-03-20.
[3] "Mouth of the Architect: Time and Withering" (http:/ / www. scenepointblank. com/ reviews/ 712). Scenepointblank. 2006-02-25. . Retrieved
2008-03-20.
[4] Rivadavia, Eduardo. "Mouth of the Architect" (http:/ / www. allmusic. com/ artist/ p694085). Allmusic. . Retrieved 2008-03-18.
[5] Rivadavia, Eduardo. "Time & Withering" (http:/ / www. allmusic. com/ album/ r730240). Allmusic. . Retrieved 2008-03-18.
[6] Patton, Jennifer (2006-10-06). "Mouth of the Architect Tour Dates" (http:/ / www. adequacy. net/ news. php?newsDate=2006-10-06).
Delusions of Adequacy. . Retrieved 2008-03-20.
[7] "400 Blows: Tour" (http:/ / www. 400blows. net/ tour. html). 400 Blows.net. . Retrieved 2008-03-20.
Mouth of the Architect 22

External links
• Review of Mouth of the Architect - Quietly on Highbeamreview.com (http://highbeamreview.com/review.
php?id=255)
• Official MySpace Page (http://www.myspace.com/mouthofthearchitect)
• Translation Loss Records (http://www.translationloss.com)
• Mouth of the Architect at exclaim (http://www.exclaim.ca/musicreviews/generalreview.aspx?csid1=125&
csid2=846&fid1=32965)
• Mouth of the Architect at punknews (http://www.punknews.org/article/28489)
Russian Circles 23

Russian Circles
Russian Circles

Russian Circles (left to right): Mike Sullivan, Dave Turncrantz, Brian Cook

Background information

Origin Chicago, Illinois, United States

Genres Instrumental rock, post-metal, post-rock

Years active 2004–present

Labels Flameshovel, Sargent House, Suicide Squeeze

Associated acts Botch, These Arms Are Snakes, Riddle of Steel

Website [1]
www.russiancirclesband.com

Members

Mike Sullivan
Dave Turncrantz
Brian Cook

Past members

Colin DeKuiper

Russian Circles is a three piece instrumental rock/metal band from Chicago. Russian Circles play instrumental,
sprawling music which runs the gamut of heavy discordant metal, to soft delicate passages. They are also known for
their energetic live shows. Mostly headlining now, in their earlier days they toured with the likes of Boris, Isis, Red
Sparowes, Minus the Bear, Daughters, Coheed & Cambria, Mono, and Pelican as well as appearances at the 2006
SXSW, and 2009's Bonnaroo.[2] They were also the opening band for Tool while playing their first tour in the United
Kingdom in 2007. Their name is taken from a drill exercise used in the game of ice hockey.

History
Formed in late 2004 by guitarist Mike Sullivan and bassist Colin DeKuiper (both formerly of instrumental band
Dakota/Dakota), they quickly recruited drummer Dave Turncrantz, formerly of St. Louis band Riddle of Steel.
In the autumn of 2007, it was announced that the band had parted ways with Colin DeKuiper. As a result, the bass
tracks on their second album, titled Station, were handled by ex-Botch/These Arms Are Snakes bass player Brian
Cook.[3] The group's third full-length, Geneva, was released on October 20, 2009 and reached No. 24 on the
Billboard Heatseekers chart.[4]
In 2011, Russian Circles signed to Sargent House who had previously only exclusively released the band's albums on
limited edition vinyl. Their fourth studio album Empros was released on October 25, 2011. A supporting tour with
Deafheaven followed the release.[5]
Russian Circles 24

Sound
When performing live, the band is noted for being able to replicate and even expand upon their recorded material
through Sullivan and Cook's use of sampling, extensive array of effects pedals and loop pedals to build layers of
sound.[6]
Russian Circles's latest album Empros features at times a heavier feel to some of the songs.

Discography

Albums
• Enter – May 16, 2006 (Flameshovel/ Vinyl on Sargent House)
• Station – May 6, 2008 (Suicide Squeeze Records/ Vinyl on Sargent House)
• Geneva – October 20, 2009 (Suicide Squeeze Records/ Vinyl on Sargent House)
• Empros – October 25, 2011 Sargent House

EPs
• Russian Circles EP – 2004 (self-released)

Singles/Splits
• Upper Ninety – July 25, 2006 (Suicide Squeeze Records)
• Russian Circles / These Arms Are Snakes 12" (Split with These Arms Are Snakes) (Sargent House, 2008)

References
[1] http:/ / www. russiancirclesband. com/
[2] Biography (http:/ / www. allmusic. com/ artist/ p773648), Allmusic.com
[3] (http:/ / lambgoat. com/ news/ view. aspx?id=9650), Lambgoat.com
[4] Album Information (http:/ / www. billboard. com/ search/ ?keyword=southwind& x=24& y=17#/ album/ russian-circles/ geneva/ 1292698),
Billboard.com
[5] Kraus, Brian (October 8, 2011). "Deafhaven announce tour with Russian Circles" (http:/ / www. altpress. com/ news/ entry/
deafhaven_announce_tour_with_russian_circles). Alternative Press. . Retrieved October 13, 2011.
[6] Interview (http:/ / www. alarmpress. com/ 2987/ music-interview/ russian-circles/ ), Alarm Press

External links
• Official website (http://www.russiancirclesband.com)
• Russian Circles (http://www.myspace.com/russiancircles) on Myspace
• Interview with Brian Cook about Russian Circles (2011) (http://www.icast.co.il/PlayerWin.aspx?file=http://
pod.icast.co.il/1de2c867-c41a-430b-a678-5417403276d9.icast.mp3&IndexID=385886&name=iCast)
• Interview with Centerstage Chicago (April 2008) (http://centerstagechicago.com/whoswho/articles/
russiancircles.html)
• Russian Circles Interview at REDEFINE Magazine, 2008 (http://www.redefinemag.com/music/
interviews_music_2.php?artist=Russian-Circles&id=100)
• UnRated Magazine Review of Geneva (2009) (http://www.unratedmagazine.com/articles/Archive/2009/
Russian-Circles_Geneva.cfm)
• Geneva reviewed by C.B.Liddell (http://metropolis.co.jp/arts/cd-reviews/russian-circles/)
• Videos Live (http://www.intimepop.com/2010/03/12/
les-russian-circles-mettent-fin-a-la-guerre-froide-concert-intimepo-n°39/) de Intimepop.com (http://Intimepop.
com)
Russian Circles 25

• Russian Circles live performances on The Musician Network (http://www.tmntv.com/videos/tag_search/

Russian Circles)

Callisto (band)
Callisto
Origin Turku, Finland

Genres Post-metal

Years active 2001–present

Labels Fullsteam Records

Kireru Records
Earache Records

Website [1]
Official website

Members

Jani Ala-Hukkala
Markus Myllykangas
Johannes Nygård
Juho Niemelä
Ariel Björklund
Arto Karvonen

Past members

Henri Kuittinen

Callisto is a post-metal band from Turku, Finland. The band was formed in 2001 in Kokkola. Whilst their early
works are hardcore/metalcore, their first album True Nature Unfolds has a strong sludge metal and doom influence
and their second album Noir is more influenced by progressive and more dynamic sound. Their third album
Providence was released in 2009, introducing wide use of clean vocals in their music. Apart from featuring female
vocals on some of their early songs, they have used unexpected instruments, for example saxophone, cello, flute and
English horn. Callisto's short and cryptic lyrics contain Christian themes and references.
Callisto has headlined several tours in Europe from 2004 to 2009. They also opened for High on Fire on their 2005
United Kingdom tour. In March 2007 Callisto showcased in Canada and USA, playing at the Canadian Music Week
in Toronto and South by Southwest festival in Austin, Texas, to name a few.

Discography
Studio albums
• True Nature Unfolds (2004)
• True Nature Unfolds (reissue) (2005)
• Noir (2006)
• Providence (2009)
Other releases
• Dying Desire Single (2001)
• Ordeal of the Century Mini CD (2002)
• Ordeal of the Century (reissue) Mini CD (2003)
• Jemima/Klimenko 12" (2004)
Callisto (band) 26

Current members
• Jani Ala-Hukkala - vocals
• Markus Myllykangas – guitar, backing vocals
• Johannes Nygård – guitar
• Juho Niemelä – bass
• Ariel Björklund – drums
• Arto Karvonen – keyboards

References
[1] http:/ / www. callistochaos. com

External links
• Official Website (http://www.callistochaos.com)
• Official MySpace Page (http://www.myspace.com/callistochaos)
• Fullsteam Records (http://www.fullsteamrecords.com)
• Callisto at AllMusic Guide (http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p704130)
• (Italian) Interview with Markus Myllykangas and Ariel Björklund (http://www.rockline.it/modules.
php?name=Interviste&rop=view_int&id=194)
Article Sources and Contributors 27

Article Sources and Contributors

Post-metal  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=509559448  Contributors: 3family6, 5theye, 61x62x61, A vision of it, Abbenm, Alansohn, Alpha Ursae Minoris, Altbau,
Amberdawn80, Anger22, Apostrophe, Aryder779, Asarlaí, Aussie Ausborn, Barclaywinter, Bcasterline, BeastmasterGeneral, BigHaz, Blackmetalbaz, Bobet, Bogdangiusca, Bubuka, C1k3,
Chevellefan11, CircafuciX, Cobain, Cold103, Commander deathguts, Connacht, DaMatriX, Days will chase, Debresser, Decembrance, Dinosaur puppy, DrRockzo, Ebyabe, Elgyn, Falcon8765,
Fezmar9, FireCrystal, Friki, Funkmetalhead16, Gdje je nestala duša svijeta, Gdvorsky, Genesiswinter, Greenie2600, GripTheHusk, H2ostra, H3dg3, Hede2000, Hesky10, I am the scottsboro
boys, I call the big one bitey, IL7Soulhunter, ITshnik, IllaZilla, Inhumer, J miester25, Jimeroquai, Jotsko, Jubal, Kameejl, Karpsmom, Keeganhenderson, Kflester, Kruhmleko, LazyBastardGuy,
Lordnecronus, Lugnuts, Makiyu, Malconfort, Mineralboy, Moonty, Mushroom, Mwhale, Myxomatosis57, Negativecreep187, Nick Number, Nickin, Nite-Sirk, Nummer29, P4k, Peterstanchek,
Plazmatyk, Pomte, Pwnage8, Qurqa, Ratiuglink, Rdsgc, Rich Farmbrough, Sabrebd, Sard112, Sardanaphalus, Satanael, SchnitzelMannGreek, Seegoon, Sfrauley, Skud363, Smashyourface86,
Sonic Surfer, Stormie, Tbhotch, TerraMortim, The Haunted Angel, The Phantomnaut, The Shadow-Fighter, Thedaydreamer1, Trascendence, User456, V Verweij, VinnyMendoza, Viriatus,
Welsh, Wierdw123, Wiki libs, Winter Gaze, Wknight94, Woohookitty, Wyatt Riot, XKerNeLKLuTcHx, Ximmerman, Xr 1, Xwhalexcorex, Јованвб, 356 anonymous edits

Pelican (band)  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=510838832  Contributors: .Zao., 5theye, Ariotcyn, Ary29, Beheaded, Ben X 02, Big red01027, Blah3, Brentoage, Caleson,
Conspireagainst, Daaaveey, Daekharel, Davidravenski, DeadEyeArrow, Dj22g, Eaten82, EdBever, Editor19841, Eyesbehindclouds, Fezmar9, Fisherjs, Fvw, GetMKWearMKFly, Gobonobo,
Gogo Dodo, Gypsysmoke, HaeB, Hbent, IanManka, Impala2009, Indiepitkristin, JeebsUK, Jeffthejiff, Johan Rachmaninov, John, Jubella, Keppx0r, Lateralis, Lugnuts, Marauder09, Marchije,
Metalmovieguy, Mezmerizer, Mialcxe3, Mitchell k dwyer, Mushroom, NHRHS2010, Nouse4aname, Pomte, Poulpy, Qurqa, RJASE1, Radiant chains, Rascal arthur, Rich Farmbrough,
Rizzenvrinn, Rjwilmsi, SAMV, Salavat, Seegoon, Shadowclad, SiobhanHansa, Skycrafter, Strobilus, Tanet, ThadPhallinger, Tide rolls, Tool462rules, Trascendence, Twentydevils, Twsx,
Untchbl, WikHead, Wiki libs, Wolfer68, XFuneralxOfxGodx, Y2klol, YamaLlama, 142 anonymous edits

Isis (band)  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=511728853  Contributors: .Zao., 10stone5, 1exec1, 5theye, Abemr89655, Alphachimp, Andrzejbanas, Angmering, Aspects,
Avaith, BFD1, Backtable, Bethling, Binary TSO, Black Kite, Blackmetalbaz, Bongwarrior, Bruce1ee, Burbridge92, Cassandraleo, Chomachi, Colslax, Cookalexv, Daekharel, Darth Twit,
Davelong, Dbtfz, Dekimasu, Djoest, Doomsdayer520, Eastlaw, EinzelGaengerin, Equal, Ericando, Euchiasmus, Farkpark, Fezmar9, FireCrystal, Firsfron, Fishhead2100, GGG33, GVOLTT,
Gaius Cornelius, Geeram, Gnomad83, GoingBatty, Gordonjay, Greenshed, Grm wnr, Gutterkitty, H2ostra, Hackstar18, IllaZilla, Inflammator, Inkington, Irdepesca572, J Milburn, JLD,
Jackdidley, Janster, JehovahMilton, Joel7687, Johan Rachmaninov, John, Johnmeanswhatever, Kaisershatner, Kane5187, Karpsmom, Kgyt, Kungfuadam, LethalSRX, Life of Riley, Lindum,
LordxGore, LuciferMorgan, Lugnuts, MFF666, Machty, Maerten, Managerpants, Marauder09, Mct05, Metal Velocidad, Mezmerizer, Michaelas10, MikeMoriendi, Mitchell k dwyer, Moe
Epsilon, Morejellytoast, Mr. Brain, MrX, Mreftel, Mturi, Mushroom, Mwhale, MysticKenji, Nbobe, Nite-Sirk, Nouse4aname, Nubiatech, Osario, P4k, Pankkake, PearlTheater, Phlebas, Pixel
Eater, Plasticup, Postdocalypse, Puceron, Qirex, Rabend, Red dwarf, Rehevkor, RezroVariant, Riana, Rich Farmbrough, Rizzenvrinn, Rjwilmsi, Satanael, Seasonsinthesky, Seegoon, Shift6,
Snagari, Speaknow08, Spearhead, Szoltys, Tanet, Tassedethe, The Phantomnaut, The wub, TheDoober, Thedemoncleaner, Thefallout, Theradu123, Thu, Tolanor, Toolfan, Tsemii, Ulric1313,
Unixer, Venomous9, Viator slovenicus, Videmus Omnia, Vinnym86, W guice, Welsh, Wiki libs, Wkdown, Wknight94, Woohookitty, Wpiechowski, X-Flare-x, Xen0phile, Xezbeth, Xpendersx,
Yatahaze, Zouavman Le Zouave, ^demon, 347 anonymous edits

Cult of Luna  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=479216418  Contributors: 5theye, Aeluwas, After Midnight, Blackmetalbaz, Cassandraleo, ChantellAnn, Chronovisor, Cic,
CircafuciX, Cnwb, Crash Underride, DNAku, DeadEyeArrow, Eastlaw, Fang Aili, Flarbl, Gaius Cornelius, Hailey C. Shannon, Hu12, IL7Soulhunter, IllaZilla, Inkington, Ivantrollet, Johan
Rachmaninov, John, Jotsko, Kain x X, Kameejl, Killingthedream, Laralou, LuciferMorgan, Lugnuts, Marauder09, Martarius, Mezmerizer, Mlillybaltimore, MoogleDan, Mushroom,
Mysterypersonx, Neo139, Nite-Sirk, Oneforall1, Overcow, Philippe, Qurqa, R3g1uZ, Rizzenvrinn, Rjwilmsi, Seegoon, Senpaiottolo, Spearhead, SpuriousQ, Starcheerspeaksnewslostwars, Steptb,
The-strange-fish, Tomtheebomb, Tsemii, Tualha, Vivo, Wombdpsw, 97 anonymous edits

Mouth of the Architect  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=495379885  Contributors: 5theye, Andrew c, Ant smusher, BeastmasterGeneral, Chubbles, Colonies Chris, David
Gerard, Ganstadominia, Hanselmerchor, John, Krazycev13, Lugnuts, Marauder09, Martarius, Mezmerizer, Mjoepp, Nouse4aname, SFC9394, Salamurai, SchuminWeb, Seegoon, Sugar Bear,
TenPoundHammer, V Verweij, Virionspiral, 55 anonymous edits

Russian Circles  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=510857701  Contributors: 30daysinAK, 5theye, Airrore, Andon, Bearcat, Ben X 02, Binary TSO, BlkStarr, Chowbok,
Chubbles, Corevette, D-Rock, Dancter, Dsreyn, Eagleeye58, Evanreyes, Fezmar9, Glitterglue, Gunface, HelloAnnyong, Henryskene, Hug fou, J.delanoy, Jetman, John, Jubella, Killiondude, La
Pizza11, Malconfort, Monni95, MrX, Muchness, Ohconfucius, Punkishlyevil, Rabend, Rlholden, Roo72, Root value, Sargenthouse, SchuminWeb, Seegoon, Spincer182`, Stagefright10,
TrnsmtDsrpt, Vasiľ, W09110900, Will hough, Wkdown, 89 anonymous edits

Callisto (band)  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=450570135  Contributors: 5theye, AniMate, Asasasa54, Aspects, Axolotl Nr.733, Blackmetalbaz, Ctgthr, Eaefremov,
Evanmontegarde, Geschichte, GreenRunner0, H3dg3, Iretnas, J Milburn, JIP, Jafeluv, Johan Rachmaninov, John, Jonathan Métillon, Katieh5584, Kusma, Leon Sword, Niekko1, Nummer29,
Qurqa, Rehevkor, Seegoon, Sparksmedia, Tanet, Tassedethe, Woohookitty, Ydam, ^demon, 34 anonymous edits
Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 28

Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors

File:Isis ensemble.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Isis_ensemble.jpg  License: Creative Commons Attribution 2.0  Contributors: Peter Alfred Hess
Image:Isis band.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Isis_band.jpg  License: Public Domain  Contributors: Original uploader was Shift6 at en.wikipedia
File:Aaron Turner, B&W, Guitar — Isis @ Wagenhallen, Stuttgart, 2009-07-09.jpg  Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Aaron_Turner,_B&W,_Guitar_—_Isis_@_Wagenhallen,_Stuttgart,_2009-07-09.jpg  License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 2.0
 Contributors: Marcus Holland-Moritz
File:Jeff Caxide, B&W, Bass — Isis @ Wagenhallen, Stuttgart, 2009-07-09.jpg  Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Jeff_Caxide,_B&W,_Bass_—_Isis_@_Wagenhallen,_Stuttgart,_2009-07-09.jpg  License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 2.0
 Contributors: Marcus Holland-Moritz
File:Cult of Luna, Peace and Love 2009.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Cult_of_Luna,_Peace_and_Love_2009.jpg  License: Creative Commons
Attribution-Sharealike 3.0  Contributors: Calle Eklund/V-wolf
File:Mouth of the Architect.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Mouth_of_the_Architect.jpg  License: Creative Commons Attribution 2.0  Contributors: FlickrLickr
File:Russian Circles Band.png  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Russian_Circles_Band.png  License: Creative Commons Attribution 2.0  Contributors: User:corevette
License 29

License
Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported
//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/