Hydrological Analysis for flood mapping:

For the hydrological analysis, three hydrological stations on Rapti River and its tributaries are used. Two
of the stations are in the major tributaries of the Rapti River in Manahari khola and Lothar khola another
one is on the Rapti river near Hetauda. These three stations station no. 460, 465 and 470 has
contributing area of 442 km2, 427 km2 and 169 km2 respectively.

Gumbel extreme value distribution is used to forecast 100yr return period flood from the hydrological
stations.

Station No. 100yr flood Area Flood contribute by per

(m3/s) Km2 km2 area
460 838.34 442.12 1.89
465 1221.2 427.86 2.85
470 627 168.97 3.71
From above table it can be concluded that the more the area of the catchment lesser will be the flood
generated by per square kilometer area.
For station no. 460

x̄ Ʃ(X- x̄)2 For N=36

Year Max (X- x̄)2 309.4722 760410.9722 Reduced 0.5
discharge Mean(Yn)=
1 1963 366 3195.39 Sn= 1.1
2 1964 206 10706.5 N= 36
3 1965 419 11996.33 σ(n-1)= 147.3975162
4 1966 643 111240.8
5 1967 460 22658.61 Q
6 1968 346 1334.279 T YT k XT
7 1969 161 22044 2 0.366512921 -0 286.7382
8 1970 366 3195.39 5 1.499939987 0.8 434.4129
9 1971 232 6001.945 10 2.250367327 1.5 532.1864
10 1972 225 7135.556 25 3.198534261 2.3 655.7234
11 1973 181 16505.11 50 3.901938658 3 747.3702
12 1974 561 63266.22 100 4.600149227 3.6 838.3404
13 1975 439 16777.45
14 1976 180 16763.06
15 1977 146 26723.17
16 1979 470 25769.17 Year Max discharge (X- x̄)2
17 1980 122 35145.83 30 1996 141 28382.89
18 1981 395 7315.001 31 1997 223 7477.445
19 1983 151 25113.45 32 1998 573 69446.89
20 1984 322 156.9452 33 2002 424 13116.61
21 1986 331 463.4452 34 2003 172 18898.61
22 1987 225 7135.556 35 2005 348 1484.39
23 1988 220 8005.279 36 2006 536 51314.15
24 1989 416 11348.17
25 1991 125 34030
26 1992 123 34771.89
27 1993 420 12216.39
28 1994 140 28720.83
29 1995 333 553.5563
For station no. 465

x̄ Ʃ(X- x̄)2
Max
Year (X- x̄)2
discharge 184.5459459 558500.6719
1 1964 70.4 13029.3
2 1965 387 40987.64 N= 37
3 1966 243 3416.876 σ(n-1)= 124.5548375
4 1967 207 504.1845
5 1968 223 1478.714
6 1969 113 5118.822 For N=40
Reduced
7 1970 104 6487.649 Mean(Yn)= 0.5436
8 1971 182 6.481841 Sn= 1.1413
9 1972 181 12.57373
10 1973 84.5 10009.19 Q
11 1974 252 4550.049 T YT k XT
12 1975 318 17809.98 2 0.366512921 -0.15516 165
13 1976 94.6 8090.273 5 1.499939987 0.837939 289
14 1977 258 5395.498 10 2.250367327 1.495459 371
15 1978 354 28714.68 25 3.198534261 2.326237 474
16 1979 182 6.481841 50 3.901938658 2.942556 551
17 1980 65 14291.23 100 4.600149227 3.554323 627
18 1981 174 111.217
19 1982 114 4976.73
20 1983 140 1984.341
21 1984 242 3300.968
22 1985 234 2445.703
23 1987 103 6649.741
24 1988 54.8 16834.01
25 1989 262 5999.13
26 1990 150 1193.422
27 1991 31.3 23484.32
28 1992 29.2 24132.36
29 1993 540 126347.6
30 1994 263 6155.039
31 1995 49 18372.7
32 1996 42 20319.35
33 1997 115 4836.639
34 1998 89.4 9052.751
 35 1999 530 119338.5
36 2000 136 2356.709
37 2003 211 699.817

x̄ Ʃ(X- x̄)2
Max
Year (X- x̄)2 Q
discharge 381.2256 2375303.722
1 1964 183 39293.38 T YT k XT
2 1965 486 10977.68 N= 43 2 0.366513 -0.15574 344.1891
3 1966 633 63390.36 σ(n-1)= 237.8126374 5 1.49994 0.831568 578.9829
4 1967 498 13636.26 10 2.250367 1.48525 734.4369
5 1968 390 76.99042 25 3.198534 2.31118 930.8533
6 1969 212 28637.3 50 3.901939 2.923901 1076.566
7 1970 494 12718.07 100 4.600149 3.532099 1221.203
8 1971 220 25993.69
9 1972 252 16699.25
10 1973 104 76854.02 For N=43
Reduced
11 1974 662 78834.27 Mean(Yn)= 0.5453
12 1975 675 86303.41 Sn= 1.148
13 1976 165 46753.5
14 1977 213 28299.85
15 1978 351 913.5858
16 1979 558 31249.2
17 1980 42.6 114667.3
18 1981 381 0.050887
19 1982 313 4654.73
20 1983 250 17220.15
21 1984 343 1461.195
22 1985 285 9259.363
23 1986 502 14586.46
24 1987 298 6926.497
25 1988 182 39690.83
26 1989 510 16582.85
27 1990 366 231.8183
28 1991 263 13977.29
29 1992 113 71944.96
30 1993 1220 703542.5
31 1994 540 25209.32
32 1995 93.5 82786.01
33 1996 90.9 84288.94
34 1997 75.7 93345.88
35 1998 328 2832.963
36 1999 624 58939.42
37 2000 285 9259.363
38 2001 435 2891.688
39 2002 713 110074.3
40 2003 873 241842.1
41 2004 631 62387.26
42 2005 246 18285.96
43 2006 293 7783.753