Muscular system

Skeletal muscle Heart muscle (cardiac) Smooth muscle

Muscle attach to somatic In heart In hollow visceral organ,
system vessels etc.
Voluntary (controlled by Involuntary (not in will) Involuntary
conscious or in will)
straited organized pattern Striated No striated(no organized
light and Dark band of pattern)
myofibril
Non syncytium no
Syncytium → inter Syncytium
structureal or functional connection between two
connection between
muscle cells one contract,
individual muscle fibre the whole heart will
contract. Cross bridges
between muscle fibre are
present so act as single unit
Multinucleated Single nucleated Single nucleated
Quick contraction Sustained contracted Sustained contracted
They account 40 % of total They account about 10 % of
body mass total body mass.

Chemical composition -: skeleton muscle -:

1. Water – 75 %
2. Solid – 225 %

Solid
a. Protein – 20 % ()
b. Fats – 0.2 %(cholesterol, lecithin, meutral fat)
c. Inorganic salt – 1 – 1.5 % (K, Ca, Na, Mg, Fe, Cl)
d. Carbohydrate – 1 % glycogen
e. Other –
i. Pigmet – myoglobin, cytochrome
ii. Enzyme
iii. Lacic acid
iv. Creatine phosphate
Cardiac muscle -: more phospholipid and cholesterol
Smooth muscle -: less protein, less ATP, less glycogen, and more Na K
ratio (1:2)
Morphology of skeletal muscle -:
 A muscle belly composed of large number of muscle fasciculli.
Each fasciculus consist of large number of muscle fibre
 A muscle fibre = a muscle cell
 The connective tissue which form the outer most covering of
who,le muscle is epimycium.the whole muscle is p[acket of small
bundles (fasciculus) coverd by perimycium.
 Individual muscle fibre is covered by endomycium.
 These connective help in protection , attachement to tendon and
ligment and allow blood vessel and nerve toi pass .

Momrphology of skeletal muscle fibre -;

 The cell membrane of muscle fibre is known as sarcolemma.

 Individual muscle fibre is multinucleated and striated.
 Muscle fibre is made up of myofibril
 Each myofibril is divided into number of compartment by Z- line.
 The portion between two adjacent Z-line called sarcomere (length
– 2 ʯm).
 Within sarcomere two type of thread like structure called filament
are seen.
1. Thin filament -: made of acti protein, troponin, tropomyosin