LECTURE

10

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 10. Bovine Lameness
1. Contusion and Bruised Sole

Localized or generalized lesions characterized by the presence of

strained horned due to extravasations of the hoof.
One or more feet affected.

Etiology:
Due to pulling heavy load crates.

Signs:
1. Sole becomes flat and pliable.

2. Initially appears pink, yellow or bluish and ultimately

almost black.

3. Lameness

4. Adduction or abduction of limb.

5. Animal prefers soft grounds dul

Diagnosis:
Worn ground surface of sole.

Treatment:

1. Kept on soft bedding or pasture

2. Remove necrotic tissue

3. Broad spectrum antibiotics

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2. Ulceration of Sole

Occurs on the lateral claws of hind limb. Ulcers

will located close to abaxial border of sole

Signs
1. Walk with crampy stilted gait & arch its back

2. Adopt an abnormal posture with hind legs

3. Stand on toes

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Treatment

1. Corrective hoof trimming

2. Remove accumulated horn from above the

level of granular tissue

3. In advance cases – Remove excessive &

rotten horn

4. Fix wooden block to sound claw

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3. Septic Laminitis

4. Chronic Laminitis

It is referred as slipper foot

Signs
1. Detoriation of quality of horn

2. Loss of perioplic sheen

3. Horn grow irregularly from coronet thus hoof wall

shows ridges around hoof, parallel to coronet

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4. Flatten sole (drops) & abaxial hoof
wall tends to break way, allowing
filth & infection to forced into the
white line

Treatment

1. If third phalanx rotated – Reduce heel

2. If white line separated from wall – Debris be

removed from seedy toe cavity

3. Shape the hoof as near as possible

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5. AVULSION OF HOOF

Cause
Trauma

Treatment

1. Clean the hoof

2. Cover the part with fiberglass cast

3. Apply POP

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UPWARD LUXATION OF PATELLA

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6. Inter digital fibroma
(Hyperplacia / Overgrowth / Papillomas / Corns)

A mass which results from proliferation of the subcutaneous

tissue and is covered by the hairless integument between the claws. It
is mainly consist of fibrous CT & some fat

Common in bovine, sheep & goat

Cause
1. Trauma
2. Moisture or
3. Chronic inflammation

Symptoms
1. Lameness in later stage

2. When growth touches ground, it ulcerate & infected

eventually producing abscess & severe lameness
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Diagnosis
1. Palpation of the inter digital space

2. X ray – chronic periostitis & exostosis

Treatment

1. Remove cause

2. Thermocautery & electrocautery

3. Surgical removal

Prevention
1. Keep clean, dry, irritant free environment

2. Prompt trimming of overgrown hooves

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7. WALL CRACK ( Sand Crack)

Is fissure in the wall of the hoof runs paraller to horny tubules

in the wall. Fracture or loss of continuity of the hoof wall.

Two types of sand cracks - i. Transverse and ii. Vertical

Etiology:
1. Dry weather ( predisposing factor)
2. Faulty nutrition / chronic laminitis.
3. Hereditary predisposition

Signs:
1. No signs in shallow crack.
2. Loss of weight, drop in milk yield.
3. Laminitis or arthritis in later stages.

Diagnosis: Visually

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Treatment:
1. Foot trimming – edge of crack should be thinned and undermined
hoof wall should be removed

2. Dubbed toe as short as possible to reduce pain.

3. Upper end of vertical crack is cut or burnt to limit its upward

extension

4. Seal crack with acrylin resin.

Prevention:
1. Periodic sealing of hoof wall with grease, tar or varnish prevents
development of cracks by retaining the moisture

2. Regular claw trimming

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8. Hoof Deformities

a. Cork screw claw

Exuberant growth of horn of abaxial hoof wall to

that extend that it grows underneath the sole. It forces the toe to
have corkscrew appearance

Cause
1. Stimulation of the coronary corium due to pressure
from exostosis beneath

2. In side / ring bone

Treatment
Regular hoof trimming

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b. Beak Claw

Toe are turened up and the dorsal surface of the hoof is

concave whereas the weight bearing surface is convex

Treatment

Incurable

c. Scissor Claw

Overlapping of toe as a sequel to excessive overgrowth

of both hooves

Treatment

Trimming of hooves
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9. Hoof erosion

Cause
Inter digital dermatitis

Treatment
Foot bath with 5 % formaldehyde soln.

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