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Review Notes Lease
Review Notes Lease
Review Notes Lease
Lease - a contract or a part of a contract that conveys the right to use the underlying asset for a period of time in
exchange for a consideration
- finance or operating
LESSEE
Account as FINANCE LEASE
Option to account as OPERATING LEASE will only exist if the lease is (1) Short-term; or (2) Low value
o Short-term – 12 months or less
o Low value – reference to the value of the underlying asset when new; based on professional judgment
Operating Lease
Recognize lease payments as expense on a straight line basis or another systematic basis
Finance Lease
Recognize an ASSET (“Right of Use Asset”) for the right to use the underlying asset and a LIABILITY (“Lease
Liability”) for the future lease payments
RIGHT OF USE - Initial measurement of Lease Liability
- (+) Lease Bonus; (-) Lease Incentives
- Directly attributable costs (DAC)
- Estimated cost of restoring, dismantling, or removing the underlying asset
LEASE LIABILITY - Payments (Fixed or Variable)
- Purchase option (if exercising the option is reasonably certain)
- GUARANTEED residual value
- Termination penalties
Additional Notes/Points/Tips:
Account Right of Use similar to PPE (Depreciate)
Amortize Lease Liability; accounting is similar to Non-Interest Bearing Note
Depreciate using LIFE OF ASSET if lessee will exercise option or if there is transfer of ownership; Depreciate using
LEASE TERM if not
If there is a residual value, there will be no purchase option because the lessee is expected to return the asset
USE IMPLICIT RATE!
Tip: Compute for Lease Liability first since it is one of the components of Right of Use
LESSOR
Similar to PAS 17
Operating Lease
Recognize lease payments as income on a straight line basis or another systematic basis
Finance Lease
Lease is classified as finance if:
o Ownership is transferred to lessee at the end of the lease term
o If there is an option payment (exercise is reasonably certain) which is sufficiently lower than the FV of the
asset
o Lease term constitutes major part of the useful life of the asset (US GAAP: major part is 75%)
o Present value of lease payments is substantially equal to the FV of the asset at inception of lease (US
GAAP: substantially equal is at least 90%)
Classifications
o Direct finance lease – financing business; only interest income is recognized
o Sales type lease – manufacturer or dealer; gross profit and interest income are recognized
Direct Finance Lease
Entry at the beginning of the lease agreement:
Lease Receivable xxx
Underlying Asset xxx
Unearned Interest Income xxx
o Lease Receivable = Gross Rentals + Purchase Option + Residual Value (whether guaranteed or
unguaranteed); Important Note: NOT IN THEIR PRESENT VALUE
o Underlying Asset = Cost of the Asset + DAC
o Unearned Interest Income – simply the difference between Lease Receivable and the Underlying Asset
Gross Rentals – regular rental payment times lease term
DAC – debited/added to underlying asset before being credited
Sales Type Lease
Entry at the beginning of the lease agreement:
Lease Receivable xxx
Cost of Goods Sold xxx
Inventory xxx
Sales xxx
Unearned Interest Income xxx
o Lease Receivable = Gross Rentals + Purchase Option + Residual Value (whether guaranteed or
unguaranteed); Important Note: NOT IN THEIR PRESENT VALUE
o Inventory – credited at the cost of the inventory
o Cost of Goods Sold = Cost of Inventory – PV of UNGUARANTEED Residual Value
o Sales = PV of Gross Rentals + PV of Purchase Option + PV of GUARANTEED Residual Value
NOTE: the treatment of residual value is THE SAME in the Lease Receivable (i.e. it is still
included in the computation), but the treatment of its present value is DIFFERENT. It is
important to note that the unearned interest income WILL NOT BE AFFECTED whether the
residual value is guaranteed or unguaranteed; for GUARANTEED, it is an addition to Sales, which
SAMPLE PROBLEMS:
To make your review more effective, answer the problems first before checking the solutions.
PROBLEM 3 – Direct Finance Lease (With initial direct cost paid by lessor)
On January 1, 2017, Lessor Company leased an equipment to Lessee Company. The details are as follows:
Cost of equipment 2,058,440
Annual rental payable every December 31 400,000
Lease term 8 years
Useful life of machinery 10 years
Implicit rate before initial direct cost 11%
Implicit rate after initial direct cost 10%
PV of OA of 1 for 8 years at 11% 5.1461
PV of OA of 1 for 8 years at 10% 5.3349
Lessor paid initial direct costs of P75,520 on January 1, 2017.
Requirements:
Lessee
1. At how much shall the Lease Liability be initially measured?
2. At how much shall the Right of Use Asset be initially measured?
3. How much is the depreciation expense for 2017 and 2018?
4. How much is the interest expense for 2017 and 2018?
5. How much is the total expense related to the lease agreement that should be recognized for 2017 and 2018?
6. What is the carrying value of the Right of Use Asset as of December 31, 2017? December 31, 2018?
7. What is the carrying value of the Lease Liability as of December 31, 2017? December 31, 2018?
8. Prepare the journal entries for 2017 and 2018
Lessor
9. At how much shall Lease Receivable be initially measured?
10. At how much shall Unearned Interest Income be initially recognized?
11. How much is the interest income for 2017 and 2018?
12. What is the balance of Lease Receivable as of December 31, 2017? December 31, 2018?
13. What is the carrying value of Lease Receivable as of December 31, 2017? December 31, 2018?
14. Prepare the journal entries for 2017 and 2018
PROBLEM 4 – Direct Finance Lease (With UNGUARANTEED residual value and initial direct cost paid by lessee)
On January 1, 2017, Bessor Company leased its machine costing P1,859,000 to Bessee Company. The estimated useful life
of the machine is 6 years; the lease term is 5 years. Bessee is required to pay P500,000 every December 31. The agreement
includes an unguaranteed residual value of P100,000 at the end of the lease term. The implicit rate of the lease agreement
is 12%. Bessee paid P50,000 as initial direct cost. (Use four decimal places for PVF)
Requirements:
Lessee
1. At how much shall the Lease Liability be initially measured?
2. At how much shall the Right of Use Asset be initially measured?
3. How much is the depreciation expense for 2017 and 2018?
4. How much is the interest expense for 2017 and 2018?
5. How much is the total expense related to the lease agreement that should be recognized for 2017 and 2018?
6. What is the carrying value of the Right of Use Asset as of December 31, 2017? December 31, 2018?
7. What is the carrying value of the Lease Liability as of December 31, 2017? December 31, 2018?
8. Prepare the journal entries for 2017 and 2018
Lessor
9. At how much shall Lease Receivable be initially measured?
10. At how much shall Unearned Interest Income be initially recognized?
11. How much is the interest income for 2017 and 2018?
12. What is the balance of Lease Receivable as of December 31, 2017? December 31, 2018?
13. What is the carrying value of Lease Receivable as of December 31, 2017? December 31, 2018?
14. Prepare the journal entries for 2017 and 2018
SOLUTIONS:
PROBLEM 1
(1)
Lessor Lessee
December 31, 2017 December 31, 2017
Cash 40,000 Rent Expense 50,000
Rent Receivable 10,000 Cash 40,000
Rent Income 50,000 Rent Payable 10,000
PROBLEM 2
Lessee
(1)
Lease liability – Payments; Purchase Option; Guaranteed Residual Value; Penalties
Annual payment 550,000
PVF of OA (9% for 5 years) 3.8897
Lease liability 2,139,335
(2)
Right of Use Asset – Lease Liability; Lease Bonus/Incentive; DAC; Cost of restoration
Right of Use Asset 2,139,335
(9)
January 1, 2017
Right of Use 2,139,335
Lease Liability 2,139,335
(11) P610,665
Gross investment (lease receivable) 2,750,000
Net investment (the underlying asset) (2,139,335)
Unearned interest income 610,665
(16)
January 1, 2017
Machinery 2,139,335
Cash 2,139,335
PROBLEM 3
Lessee
(1) P2,133,960
Lease liability – Payments; Purchase Option; Guaranteed Residual Value; Penalties
Annual payment 400,000
PVF 5.3349
Lease liability 2,133,960
(2) P2,133,960
Right of Use Asset – Lease Liability; Lease Bonus/Incentive; DAC; Cost of restoration
Right of Use Asset 2,133,960
Note: The initial direct cost was paid by the lessor, not the lessee; thus, it is not included in the computation.
(8)
January 1, 2017
Right of Use 2,133,960
Lease Liability 2,133,960
Lessor
(9) P3,200,000
Lease Receivable (P400k * 8) 3,200,000
(10) P1,066,040
Gross investment (lease receivable) 3,200,000
Less: net investment
Equipment 2,058,440
Initial direct cost 75,520 2,133,960
Unearned interest income 1,066,040
(14)
January 1, 2017
Equipment 2,058,440
Cash 2,058,440
*for the purchase
Equipment 75,520
Cash 75,520
*for the payment of initial direct cost
PROBLEM 4
Lessee
(1) P1,802,400
Lease liability – Payments; Purchase Option; Guaranteed Residual Value; Penalties
Annual payment 500,000
PVF 3.6048
Lease liability 1,802,400
The residual value is not included since it is unguaranteed.
(2) P1,852,400
Right of Use Asset – Lease Liability; Lease Bonus/Incentive; DAC; Cost of restoration
Lease liability 1,802,400
Initial direct cost 50,000
Right of Use Asset 1,852,400
(8)
January 1, 2017
Right of Use 1,852,400
Lease Liability 1,802,400
Cash 50,000
*the credit to cash is for the DAC
Lessor
(9) P2,600,000
Gross rental (P500k * 5) 2,500,000
Unguaranteed residual value 100,000
Lease receivable 2,600,000
(10) P741,000
Lease receivable 2,600,000
(14)
January 1, 2017
Lease Receivable 2,600,000
Equipment 1,859,000
Unearned Interest Income 741,000
PROBLEM 5
(1) P1,500,000
Selling price 4,000,000
Cost of goods sold (2,500,000)
Gross profit 1,500,000
(2) P4,830,000
Lease receivable (P1,207,500 * 4) 4,830,000
(3) P830,000
Lease receivable 4,830,000
Sales (4,000,000)
Unearned interest income 830,000
(5)
January 1, 2017
Lease Receivable 4,830,000
Cost of Goods Sold 2,500,000
Inventory 2,500,000
Sales 4,000,000
Unearned Interest Income 830,000