Chapter 3

Profile of Ahmednagar District

3.1 History of Ahmednagar District

3.2 Geographic Profile of Ahmednagar District
3.3 Demographic Profile
3.4 Social Infrastructure of Ahmednagar
3.5 Co-operative Development in Ahmednagar
3.6 Industrial Profile of Ahmednagar District
a) Industries
b) MIDC's
c) Small Scale Industries and Large Scale Industries
6.4 Banking Sector Profile of Ahmednagar District
d. Categoriwise Classification of Bank Branches
e. Bankwise Position of Deposits and Advances in
Ahmednagar District
f. Talukawise Bank Branches, Deposits and Advances
 Chapter 3

Profile of Ahmednagar District

In this chapter an attempt has been made to review the

Ahmednagar District. This chapter attempts to give an account of
Ahmednagar district. Here the historical, geographic, demographic,
social, educational and industrial development of Ahmednagar
District will be discussed. Besides it will also explain the scenario of
banking sector in this district.

3.1 History

The city of Ahmednagar is named after the founder of the city,

Malik Ahmed Shah Bahri, the first ruler of the Nizam Shahi dynasty
who laid the city's foundation min 1494 CE.

In 1494, Ahmed Shah laid the foundation of a city close to Bagh

Nizam upon the left bank of the Sina river and called it after himself
'Ahmednagar'.

Ahmednagar district was created after the defeat of Maratha

Confederacy in the Third Anglo - Maratha War in 1818, when most
of Peshwa's domain were annexed to British India. The district
remained part of Central Division of Bombay Presidency until
India's independence in 1947. After independence it became the part
of Bombay State and in 1960 the part of new State of Maharashtra.

3.2 Geographic Profile

a) Location :
Northern Latitude of Ahmednagar : 18.20 to 19.90 N
 Eastern Longitude of Ahmednagar : 73.90 to 75.50 E
The district is situated partly in upper Godavari basin and partly
Bhima basin. It situated in the central part of Maharashtra.
Ahmednagar district is bounded by Nasik and Aurangabad districts
to north side, south side is bounded by Solapur and Pune districts,
each side is bounded by Beed and Osmanabad district and the west
side is bounded by Thane and Pune districts.

b) Administrative Division :
The geographical spread of the district is of 17412 Sq. Km.
which constitutes 5.66 percent area of Maharashtra state.
The administration of the district is governed through 4
revenue subdivisions, 14 Tahsils and Panchayat Samiti Blocks.
Table 3.1
Administrative Division

Sr. No. Sub Division Tahsils Covered

1. Ahmednagar Nagar, Parner, Pathardi, Shevgaon

2. Karjat Karjat, Shrigonda, Jamkhed

Shrirampur, Newasa, Rahuri,

3. Shrirampur
Rahata

4. Sangamner Akole, Sangamner, Kopargaon

Source: District Statistic Office, Ahmednagar

c) Land and Size of Holding :

Ahmednagar is the largest district in Maharashtra state. The

agricultural area of the district is 1,31,16,900 hectors and net sown
area is about 12,14,543 hectors. The area of land possessed by each
individual varies 66% of people hold below 2 hectors of land. Land
forms of the district is divided into three physical divisions - western
 hilly region, central platue region and region of northern and
southern plain.

d) Climate and Soil :

Whole district is occupied by basaltic lava flows, which are

popularly known as Deccan Traps. On the basalts river alluvium,
sands; gravel clays silts represent the recent deposits in the district.

The climate of Ahmednagar district is warm and dry. Average

temperature is minimum 90 Celsius(during December) and maximum
400 to 410 C (during April and May). Basically, in Maharashtra state,
Ahemdnagar district is known as 'Drought Prone Area'. The rainfall
is scanty and erratic. It is not uniform all over the district.

e) Rivers :

The district is drained by two main rivers, the Godavari and

Bhima, a tricutary of the Krishna. The other important rivers flowing
through the district are Pravara, Mula, Sina and Dhora.

3.3 Demographic Profile :

According to 2011 census, the total population of the district is

4,543,083. comprising 2,348,802 male and 2,194,281 female
population respectively. The Sex ratio of Ahmednagar district is
recorded 934 per 1000 and child sex ratio (age 0-6 yrs) is 839 per
1000. The literacy rate as per 2011 census is 80.22% and 71.15 %
respectively. The population of Ahmednagar district constitutes
4.04% of the total population of Maharashtra.

3.4 Social Infrastructure:

a) Education :
Literacy is the ability of a person to read and write and
communicate with the outside world. Education is the systematic
instruction, schooling or training given to the youngsters in
preparation for the work of life. According to 2011 census, the total
literacy rate of Ahmednagar district is 80.22%
To provide educational facility is the first priority of each
country. Education inculcates confidence among students. The
position of educational status of Ahmednagar is shown below -
Table 3.2
Educational Facilities
Sr.
School / Colleges Total
No.
1. Primary Schools 3765
2. Secondary Schools 847
3. Higher Secondary Schools 237
4. Colleges 40
5. B. Ed. Colleges 03
6. Law Colleges 03
7. Medical Colleges 02
8. Ayurvedic Medical Colleges 04
9. Homeopathic Medical Colleges 04
10. Pharmacy Colleges 02
11. D. Ed. Colleges 07
12. Polytechnic Colleges 21
13. Engineering Colleges 14
14. Govt. ITI 16
15. Private ITI 11
16. Anganwade 2745
17. Physical Education Colleges 01
Source : District Social and Economic Survey, 2009-10

Table shows that the condition of primary education is

comparatively better than secondary and higher level education. But
more number of educational institutions at secondary and higher
secondary are required, because at this level the number of students
is increasing but in rural area facilities are unavailable.
b) Hospital and Health Facilities :
Hospital and health facilities are provided by state government,
local government and private institutions. The following figure will
tell us the exact position of health facility.
Table 3.3
Public Health Facilities
Sr. No. Title Ahmednagar Maharashtra

1. Hospitals 25 1181

2. Rural Hospitals 17 2072

3. Primary Health Centre 96 1816

Primary Health Sub-
4. 551 10589
centre
5. Primary Health Pathak 1 177
Source : District Statistics, Ahmednagar

c) Road Transport :
Road transport plays an important role in the development of
any country. Roads act as circulation system of economy of the
country. This facility is provided by State/Central Govt. by Road
construction. The following figures of table 3.4 will show transport
position of Ahmednagar district.
Table 3.4
Road and Transport Facility
Sr. No. Title Total Distance (Km)

1. Railway 197

2. National Highways 202

3. State Highways 1677

4. District Road Ways (Main) 10953

5. Other District Road ways 12877

6. Rural area Roads 1932

Source : 1. District Social and Economic Survey 2009-10
2. Annual Credit Plan, CBI, 2011-12
3.5 Co-operative Development :

The district economy is mainly dependent on co-operative

sector. Late Padmashree Dr. Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil started the first
co-operative sugar factory in the district at Pravaranagr during the
year 1949, which was the first of its kind in the Asian continent.
Ahmednagar is a pioneer district in co-operative development and in
the upliftment of sugarcane cultivators through the sugar factories.
Similarly, dairy co-operatives have also developed as secondary
movement for the benefit of the dairy farmers. 15 co-operative sugar
factories (Source: Regional Director (sugar) Ahemdnagar 2007-08),
9310 co-operative societies, 1285 co-operatives dairy societies and 4
fruit and vegetable co-operative societies are the backbone of the
district providing impetus to the rural economy. The irrigation water
co-operatives and transport co-operatives are also playing an
important role in the district. The problem related to credit inputs
and marketing has been addressed to a great extent that has made the
farming community free from the clutches of middlemen and private
lenders through the dynamic leadership of co-operative movement.
Thus, co-operative sector in the district is dealing with all types of
needs of the farming community, village prosperity and all-round
socio-economic development of the district. The following figures of
Table 3.5 show the picture of co-operative sector of Ahmednagar
District.
 Table 3.5
Different Types of Co-operative Institutes
Sr.
Types of Co-operative Society Total
No.
Agricultural Credit Co-operative
1.
Society's
a) District Central Co-op Bank 1
b) Primary Agricultural Co-op Society 1285
c) Farmers Service Society 0
d) Lamps Co-op Society (ST) 38
Non-Agricultural Credit Co-op
2.
Society's
a) Co-op Banks 20
b) Credit Co-op Banks 912
c) Employee Credit Co-op Banks 217
d) Other Credit Co-op Banks 632
3. Marketing Society
a) District Marketing Society 1
b) Primary Marketing Society 14
c) Other Marketing Society 44
4. Total Producing Co-op Society's
a) Sugar Factories 15
b) Agro-Processing Societies 07
c) (Handloom) Weavers Societies 03
d) Industrial Estates 07
e) Other Industrial Societies 62
f) Dairy 2770
g) Fishery 73
h) Land Irrigation Society 751
i) Other Manufacturing Societies 829
5. Social Service Co-operative Society
a) Consumer Co-operative Society 61
b) Co-operative Housing Society 664
c) Labour Contractor Society 824
d) Other 898
Total 9498
Source : District Sub-Registrar Co-operative Society, Ahmednagar
(31st March 2010)
3.6 Industrial Profile :

Maharashtra state is one of the most industrialized states of the

country. Its contribution to Indian Economy is high, hence it is called
as power house of India.
Maharashtra contributes to near about 10 percent of total
population of the country, but accounts for near about one fourth of
the gross value of India's Industrial sector. The State has succeeded
in achieving high level of industrialization, demonstrated by the fact
that the secondary and territory (manufacturing and service) sectors
provide 78.8 percent of Maharashtra gross domestic product, as
compared to the national average of 65.4 percent for the same fields.

a) Industries :

The Industrial Picture of Ahmednagar district is shown in Table

Table 3.6
Industrial Statistics of Ahmednagar - 2010
Sr. No. Type of Industry Total No.
Number of Large Scale Industries -
1. 42 59
Number of Sugar Factories - 17
2. Distilleries 3
3. Number of Small Scale Industries 4903
4. Regulated Markets 200
5. Total Number of Chemical Units 275
No. of Village Mandies and
6. Weekly Bazaar 307
Source : Annual Credit Plan 2010-11, Central Bank of I, p.8
In Ahmednagar district, number of Large Scale industries is
42(59, including sugar factories) and number of Small Scale
industries is 4903. number of Small Scale industries is more than the
Large Scale industries.
 There are total 18 Sugar Factories out of which one is not in
working (i.e. Jagdamba Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana Ltd., Rashin,
Karjat) and one is privately owned (i.e. Saikrupa Sahakari Sakhar
Karkhana, Devdaithan, Shrigonda). Shevgaon, Nagar and Karjat
Sugar Factories were not in working in 2009-10.

These Sugar Factories are having crushing capacity of 50350

M.T. and have produced 1,05,61,816 M.T. Sugar (2007-08), 1890
M.T. ethanol, 1,35,655 thousand liters alcohol and 74,557 Mega
Watt electricity in 2007-08. There are 10 distilleries. Total number
of chemical units in Ahmednagar district is 275. There are 200
regulated markets, 307 Village Mandies and Weekly Baazar.

b) MIDC's (Maharashtra Industrial Development

Corporations) :

MIDC's are essential for overall development of any district's

industrial area. In Ahmednagar, there are eight MIDC's, out of which
four are developed and remaining four are developing one.

MIDC wise classification of industries in Ahmednagar district

is given in Table 3.7.
 Table 3.7
MIDC wise Classification of Industries as on 31st March
2010.
No. of Area
Sr.
Name of No. of Units in (Hector)
No Remark
Taluka MIDC's the
.
MIDC's
1. Ahmednagar 01 1468 591.2 Developed

2. Shrirampur 01 265 339.40 Developed

3. Supa-Parner 01 487 307.19 Developed

4. Rahuri 01 56 10.00 Developed

Land is not
5. Newasa 01 161 401.78 Developed till
date
Small Industrial
area and
6. Jamkhed 01 2 19.72 transferred to co-
op industrial
estate
Land Acquisition
7. Pathardi 01 - 16.72
is going on
Land Acquisition
8. Shevgaon 01 - 24.32
is going on
Total 08 2439 1638.15 -
Source : Area Manager, MIDC, Ahmednagar
(District Statistics, Ahmednagar )

Table shows that number of units are 2439, total area allotted to
MIDC is 1638.15 hector. Total 8 MIDC's are sanctioned for
Ahmednagar District, out of which Ahmednagar , Shrirampur, Supa-
Parner and Rahuri are developed and well-established. In case of
Newasa, land is not developed till date. In Jamkhed, a small
industrial area which is transferred into co-operative Industrial
Estate. Pathardi and Shevgaon are newly planned MIDC's, in which
case actual land is not acquired completely.
Ahmednagar MIDC is situated at village Nagapur of
Ahmednagar - Manmad Road, 8 kms from Ahmednagar city.
 A Information Technology Park (IT Park) is also proposed for
Ahmednagar district and in future it will be developed at
Ahmednagar.

c) Small Scale Industries and Large Scale Industries :

In Ahmednagar district there are 14 blocks but industrial
development varies in each block. Talukawise large scale and small
scale units in Ahmednagar district are shown below in Table No. 3.8.

Table 3.8
Talukawise Large-Medium and Small Scale Units (31.3.05)
Dist. Ahmednagar
Number of Units
Sr.
Name of Taluka Large and S.S.I.
No.
medium
Ahmednagar 43 1524
1.
Akole 02 74
2.
Jamkhed 00 34
3.
Karjat 01 33
4.
Kopargaon 05 186
5.
Newasa 02 99
6.
Parner 03 93
7.
Pathardi 01 73
8.
Rahuri 02 95
9.
Sangamner 04 291
10.
Shevgaon 01 22
11.
Shrirampur 05 243
12.
Shrigonda 03 85
13.
Rahata 03 36
14.
Total 75 2888
Source : Potential Linked Credit Plan 2002-03 to 2006-07, NABARD,
Regional Office, Pune.

Table shows, Talukawise large - medium scale and small scale

unit in Ahmednagar district as on 31.3.2005. Out of 75 Large /
 Medium units 57.33 percent units are located in Ahmednagar taluka.
Out of 2888, Small Scale Units, maximum 52.77 percent (1524)
units are in Ahmednagar block, followed by Sangamner 10.07
percent (291) and Shrirampur 8.41 percent (243). Lot of efforts are
essential in undeveloped area like Newasa, Karjat, Jamkhed etc.

As per the 2010 statistics total large scale industries in

Ahmednagar district are 42 and Small Scale Industries like -
Separating Grains of rice from husk by pounding and gathering
medicinal plants are the small scale industries in Akole Taluka.
Weaving cloth on handlooms and power loom goes on at
Ahmednagar , Bhingar, Pathardi talukas.

Making ropes from agare and ambadi is carried on in Shrigonda

taluka. Bidi rolling is carried on in Ahmednagar , Akole and
Sangamner talukas. Kopargaon, Rahata, Ahmednagar are markets
for selling jaggery. There are oil mills at Shrirampur, Sangamner,
Ahmednagar and Vambori.

In Large Scale Industries Milk Chilling plants are located at

Ahmednagar , Karjat, Kopargaon, Babhaleshwar and Sangamner.
Ayurvedic medicine, Milk products, Pharmaceutical factories are
located at Ahmednagar , Sangamner and Kopargaon respectively.
Spinning Mills at Haregaon, Shrirampur, Rahuri etc.

There are two major industrial units in Ahmednagar district viz.

Kinetic Engineering, manufacturing 'Luna Moped' and 'Videocon'
producing Televisions, Washing Machines and other home
appliances.

3.7. Banking Sector Profile of Ahmednagar District :

After the nationalization of fourteen commercial bank in the

year 1969, the banking structure in India underwent a tremendous
change in terms of branch expansion. The growth and development
of commercial banks in Ahmednagar district upto 2011 is shown in
Table 4.9.

a) Network of Bank Branches :

Table 3.9
Network of Bank Branches as on 31.3.2011 (Ahmednagar)
Number of Branches
Sr.
Name of the Bank Semi Urban Total
No. Rural
Urban
1. Central Bank of India 44 16 01 61
2. State Bank of India 18 23 06 47
3. Bank of Maharashtra 22 11 05 38
4. Union Bank of India 11 04 03 18
5. Bank of Baroda 10 04 01 15
6. India Overseas Bank 08 00 02 10
7. Allahabad Bank 02 00 01 03
8. Bank of India 02 03 02 07
9. Dena Bank 02 02 01 05
10. Syndicate Bank 01 01 01 03
11. Canara Bank 01 04 01 06
12. United Commercial Bank 01 01 01 03
13. Punjab National Bank 02 01 01 04
14. Indian Bank 0 00 02 02
15. United Bank of India 00 02 01 03
16. State Bank of Hyderabad 00 03 01 04
17. Andhra Bank 00 01 01 02
18. Vijaya Bank 00 01 01 02
19. I.D.B.I. 01 03 01 05
20. Axis Bank 01 01 01 03
21. Corporation Bank 00 02 01 03
 22. OBC 00 00 01 01
23 HDFC Bank 00 03 02 05
24. ICICI Bank 01 04 02 07
25. Federal 00 00 01 01
Total Commercial Banks 127 90 41 258
26. The A.D.C.C. Bank Ltd. 257 16 9 282
The ADCARMDB Bank 11 1
27. 00 12
Ltd.
28. R.R.B. 00 00 1 1
Total Co-operative Banks 257 27 11 295
Total No. of Bank Branches in
384 117 52 553
the District
Source : Credit Plan of Ahmednagar District 2011-12, Central Bank of
India, P. 24

Category wise classification of Bank branches is shown in

above Table. Central Bank of India is lead bank of Ahmednagar
district which has maximum number of branches i.e. 61. Total 553
bank branches are working in Ahmednagar district, out of 52 are
Urban branches, 117 are Semi-Urban, 384 are Rural branches. Total
258 commercial bank branches are working in Ahmednagar district,
out of which 127 (approximately 50%) are rural, 90 (35%) are Semi-
Urban and 41 (15%) are Urban branches. Hence, commercial banks
have their network in rural area.

b) Bank wise Deposits and Advances in Ahmednagar District,

for 2010 :

Bank wise position of deposits and advances in Ahmednagar

district for the year 2010 is presented in the following table 3.10
 Table 3.10
Position of Deposits and Advances of Banks in
Ahmednagar District For 2010 (Amt. in Lakhs)
Sr. March 2010 C/D
Name of the Bank
No. Deposit Adv. Ratio
1. Central Bank of India 65923 37501 56.89

2. State Bank of India 166521 88991 53.44

3. Bank of Maharashtra 74811 34533 46.16

4. Union Bank of India 49181 28703 58.36

5. Bank of Baroda 30825 36664 118.94

6. India Overseas Bank 8397 11098 132.17

7. Allahabad Bank 2507 1328 52.97

8. Bank of India 8977 7606 84.73

9. Dena Bank 6005 2752 45.83

10. Syndicate Bank 5918 4014 67.83

11. Canara Bank 6730 4420 65.68

12. United Commercial Bank 2605 795 30.52

13. Punjab National Bank 8016 4262 53.17

14. Indian Bank 3100 757 24.42

15. United Bank of India 428 100 23.36

16. State Bank of Hyderabad 6268 3820 60.94

17. Andhra Bank 5923 4272 72.13

18. Vijaya Bank 2253 405 17.98

19. I.D.B.I. 16055 12269 76.42

20. Corporation Bank 2571 2611 01.56

Oriental Bank of
21. 813 1743 214.39
Commerce
22. Axis Bank 13569 6182 45.56
 23 HDFC Bank 14428 11205 77.66

24. ICICI Bank 6461 12556 194.34

Total Commercial Banks 508285 318587 62.68

25. The A.D.C.C. Bank Ltd. 334743 178759 53.40

The ADCARMDB Bank
26. 6725 4165 61.93
Ltd.

27. R.R.B. 478 306 64.02

Total Co-operative Banks 341946 183230 53.58

Total 850231 501817 59.02

Source : Credit Plan of Ahmednagar District 2010-11, Central Bank of
India, p. No. 24

In this table, the ratio is the reflection of performance of the

Bank branches. The credit deposit ratio is the measuring rode of the
bank performance in terms of credit disbursement against its
deposits. It represents the overall position of credit disbursement of
banks in terms of credit deposit ratio and thus throws light on the
performance of banks in advancing loans to the agriculture, S.B.I.,
other priority sectors.

The Table 3.10 shows that the CD Ratio of Central Bank of

India is decreased by 23.51 by the end of 2010 as compared to 2008.
Subsequent 3 banks i.e. SBI, BOM, UBI also shows decrease in CD
Ratio. Bank of Baroda shows increase in CD Ratio by 7.79 in 2010
as compared to 2008.

Indian Overseas Bank, Allahabad Bank, Syndicate Bank,

Punjab National Bank, Indian Bank, United Bank, State Bank of
Hyderabad, Andhra Bank, Vijaya Bank, I.D.B.I., H.D.F.C., ICICI
Bank etc. are the banks whose CD Ratio of 2010 is increased as
compared to 2008 and Bank of India, Dena Bank, Canara Bank,
 UCO Bank, Corporation Bank, Oriental Bank, Axis Bank etc. are the
Banks whose CD Ratio is decreased in 2010 as compared to 2008.

c) Talukawise Bank Branches, Deposits and Advances :

Talukawise position of Deposits and Advances in Ahmednagar

district for the year, 2009-10 is presented in the following Table
No. 3.11

Table 3.11
Talukawise Scheduled Commercial Bank Branches,
Deposits and Advances.
(Ahmednagar district - Year 2009-10)
Dist. Ahmednagar Year - 2009-10

No. of No. of
Branch Deposits Advances (Rs.
villages
Sr. Name of No. of In lakh)
having Offices (Rs. In
No. Taluka Banks
Bank of lakh)
Offices Agri Non-
Banks
Agri
Akole 23 4 31 32102 7258 13851
1.
Sangamner 34 13 62 51422 8530 14135
2.
Kopargaon 22 8 33 42389 9421 15986
3.
Rahata 26 11 37 62538 7311 13438
4.
Shrirampur 19 9 32 35444 8772 14985
5.
Newasa 27 6 33 23999 6422 12324
6.
Shevgaon 18 4 28 21536 7966 14345
7.
Pathardi 18 8 27 32,14 7922 13634
8.
Nagar 28 28 87 282995 11434 17872
9.
6 39 8977 14425
10. Rahuri 30 32521
4 37 7694 13683
11. Parner 26 22652
6 33 8,151 14,894
12. Shrigonda 27 34,577
 7 26 8647 13435
13. Karjat 16 22915
6 16 8396 14679
14. Jamkhed 10 18742
Total
Commercial 324 120 520 716346 116901 201686
Banks
Source : District Lead Bank (Central Bank of India) Ahmednagar

In this Table, Taluka wise No. of Scheduled Commercial bank

branches, deposits, Advances is given. Total 120 banks are working
in Ahmednagar district which have 520 branches all over the
Ahmednagar district. Total deposits of all bank branches is Rs.
7,16,346 lakh and Advances to agriculture is 1,16,901 and to Non-
agriculture is 2,01,686. Highest number of Bank branches are in
Ahmednagar Taluka i.e. 87 with 62 branches. Sangamner is on
second position and lowest network of bank branches is in Jamkhed
Taluka i.e. 16 branches. Non-agricultural Advances is just double the
Advances of Agricultural Sector. The amount of total Advances is
3,18,587 which is 44.47% of total deposits i.e. 7,16,346.