Biology 2401 Unit Review sheet – 4.1: Characteristics of Microbes.

1. Define the following terms:

a. Colony

b. Colony morphology:

c. Cell morphology:

d. Mordant:

e. Obligate aerobes

f. Obligate anaerobes:

g. Facultative anaerobes:

h. Aerotolerant anaerobes:

i. Microaerophiles:

j. Gelatinase:

k. Serology:

l. Antigen:
 m. Antibody:

2. Draw a diagram illustrating each of the cell shapes and arrangements used to describe
cell morphology.

3. List the categories involved in describing colony morphology and include the descriptors
used for each.

4. Describe how each category of bacteria would grow based on their oxygen
requirements in a test tube of thioglycolate media.
5. Describe in detail the four steps of gram staining procedure. List the functions of the
following chemicals: crystal violet, iodine, alcohol, and safranin.

6. Describe how to perform a fermentation test and the results that can be obtained from
it. What information do the results give us?

7. Describe how to perform the gelatinase test and the results that can be obtained from
it. What information do the results give us?
8. Describe how to perform the amino acid test and the results that can be obtained from
it. What information do the results give us?

9. Describe how to perform the urease test and the results that can be obtained from it.
What information do the results give us?

10. Describe how to perform the slide agglutination test and the results that can be
obtained from it. What information do the results give us? When can we use this test?
11. Define the difference between the direct and indirect ELISA.

12. Describe, in detail, the procedure involving a direct ELISA.

13. Describe, in detail, the procedure involving an indirect ELISA.

14. Describe the purpose of nucleic acid sequencing in terms of pathogen identification.