DISORDERS a self-induced starvation to a significant
PABILONA, MARTY T. degree; BSN 2D a relentless drive for thinness, a morbid fear of fatness, DEFINITION or both; and medical signs and symptoms Eating disorders in young children consist of resulting from starvation. pica, rumination, feeding disorders, and eating Specific characteristics include: disorders include anorexia nervosa and bulimia. Body mass index (BMI) less than 17.5 or less than 85% of expected weight PICA Intense fear of gaining weight or Children who persistently eat nonfood becoming fat even though underweight substances such as dirt, clay, paint chips, Severely distorted body image crayons, yarn, or paper are said to have pica Refusal to acknowledge seriousness of Latin word for magpie (a bird that is an weight loss indiscriminate eater) Amenorrhea (in girls) binge eating or purging COMPLICATIONS self-induced vomiting or the use of the Primary danger - possibility of accidental ff: poisoning. o laxatives, Other complications include o enemas, or constipation, o diuretics gastrointestinal malabsorption, o fecal impaction, and TWO TYPES OF ANOREXIA NERVOSA intestinal obstruction. Restricting type Ages of 2 and 6 years Binge-eating-purging NOTE: 10 X WOMEN than in men RUMINATION DISORDER OF INFANCY Rumination : Latin word for “chewing the cud” RISK OF HAVING: (as cattle do). Heart failure act of regurgitating and reswallowing previously Kidney failure ingested food. Digestive problems rare disorder - of 3 and 12 months. Electrolyte imbalance ASSESSMENT Food Refusal or Aversion Excessive weight loss, Failure to eat adequately because of food acidosis, dislikes dependent edema, Results in significant failure to gain weight or hypotension, actual weight loss. hypothermia, infancy and is usually seen in children younger bradycardia,and than 6 years of age. Feeling cold; Loss of appetite; Anorexia Nervosa Loss of menstruation; Is a disorder characterized by refusal to Fatigue and dizziness; maintain a minimally normal body weight Loss of libido (sexual appetite); because of a disturbance in perception of the lanugo (fine, neonatal-like hair) size or appearance of the body MANAGEMENT TREATMENT Other therapeutic interventions include: Ways to reduce the risk of bulimia nervosa Medications such as antidepressants Cultivation of a positive self-image of the body Identification of emotional triggers Maintenance of good mental health Self-monitoring (awareness training) Counseling as needed to identify and resolve Education about normal nutritional needs areas of conflict and stress Balancing school, work, social life, rest, and MANAGEMENT exercise Establishing trust and effective communication RELATED FACTORS: Total Parenteral Nutrition. • Psychological factors Gradual weight gain • Low self-esteem • Feelings of inadequacy or failure BULIMIA NERVOSA • Feeling out of control recurrent and episodic binge eating and • Response to change (puberty) purging. • Response to stress (sports, dance) awareness that the eating pattern is • Personal illness abnormal but not being able to stop Adolescence or early adult life PERFECT BODY OR IMAGE Predominantly in girls. • Barbie and Bodies Last for months or years. – Seven feet tall High caloric content. – 38 inch chest It may be eaten secretly. – 21 inch waist COMPLICATIONS – 36 inch hips Headaches; – Virtually unattainable for an Weakness; adult woman • G. I. Joe Anemia; – 1970-GI Joe was 5 ft. 10 inches, No periods; 32 inch waist and 12 inch upper Limited thinking and social life. arms Starvation; – 2000-29 inch waist and 16 ½ Dehydration; inch arms Muscle and cartlidge deterioration; Osteoporosis; THANK YOU Irregular or abnormally slow heart rate; Heart failure. severe erosion of their teeth Esophageal tears
TREATMENT – no known cause
Ways to reduce the risk of bulimia nervosa Education about and awareness of the disorder and associated risk factors Early intervention if risk factors are identified Knowledge and maintenance of healthy eating habits