‫א‬

‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬

‫<<‬

‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬

‫‪٢٠٠٦‬‬
١ " ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫ א‬، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ " "
، ‫א‬ ‫א‬،
.
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
، ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬

‫א‬ ، ‫אא‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬

Abstract
The statistics and information system in Egypt suffers from several deficiencies,
whether concerning the quality of its products and services, the comprehensiveness of
its components or the efficiency of its institutional and legislative frameworks. These
call for more efforts to develop and restructure the system to enhance its performance
and increase its efficiency.

Studying the "ideal components" of any efficient statistics system is the first step
towards a competent and effective statistics and information system, which can be
achieved through reviewing the literature and international experience.

The current study aims at highlighting the main components of a national

statistics system and the main principles that govern its performance and effectiveness.
In addition to presenting some of the main issues which are considered as alternatives
for the statistical policy designers, in order to learn the key lessons that can be replicated
in the Egyptian system while working on developing and enhancing the performance
and effectiveness of this system.
٢ " ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬

DQAF Data Quality Assessment Framework. ‫א‬

Federal Committee of Statistics

FCSM
Methodology
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

GDDS General Data Dissemination Standards ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

GIS Geographic Information systems ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

GSS Governmental statistics service ‫א א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
MISP Multiple Integrated Statistical Program
‫א‬

NDPB Non- Departmental Public Body

National Strategies for the Development

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
NSDS
of Statistics ‫א‬

NSS National Statistics System ‫א‬ ‫א‬

Organization for Economic Co-operation
OECD
and Development
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

Partnership in Statistics for Development

‫א‬ ‫א א‬
PARIS 21
in the 21st Century ٢١ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

SCBI Statistical Capability Building Indices ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

STATCAP Statistical Capacity Building. ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

Trust Fund for Statistical Capacity

TFSCB
Building
‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٣‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬

‫‪٥ .....................................................................................................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪١١ ..................................................................................................................‬‬

‫א ( ‪١٣ ...............................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬

‫‪١٥ .............................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪١٥ ......................................................................‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ١ .١‬א‬
‫‪١٧ ..............................................................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ٢ .١‬א‬
‫‪٢٠ ..............................................................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ٣ .١‬א‬

‫‪٢٥ ....................................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٢٥ ..............................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪١ .٢‬‬
‫‪٢٦ ............................................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪ ٢ .٢‬א‬
‫‪٢٩ ........................................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ٣ .٢‬א א‬
‫‪٣٨ ................................................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٤ .٢‬‬

‫‪٤١ ........................................................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪٤١ ...................................................................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪١ .٣‬‬
‫‪٤٧ .........................................................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪٢ .٣‬‬
‫‪٥٠ ..............................................................................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ٣ .٣‬א‬

‫‪٥٢ ...............................................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א ‪:‬‬ ‫א‬

‫‪٥٦ ...................................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪٦١ ......................................................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪٦٦ .................................................................................................................‬‬ ‫א‬

‫‪٧٠ .............................................................................................................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪٧١ ......................................................................................................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٧١ ...................................................‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪( ١‬‬
‫)‪٧٤ ........................................................... (DQAF‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪( ٢‬‬
‫‪٤‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪٨١ .......................................................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪ ( ٣‬א‬

‫‪٨٣ ..............................................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪( ٤‬‬
‫‪٨٨ ...................................................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪( ٥‬‬
‫‪٩٦ ............................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪( ٦‬‬
‫‪٩٨ ......................................................................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪( ٧‬‬
‫‪١٠٩ .........................‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪( ٨‬‬
‫‪٥‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫אא‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٦‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫–א‬ ‫א‬ ‫–‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫–א‬ ‫א –א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.١‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٤‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٥‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٦‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪.٧‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٨‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٩‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٧‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.١٠‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫‪(٧‬‬ ‫)א‬ ‫‪ (٦‬א‬ ‫)א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ (٤‬א‬ ‫)א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٨‬‬ ‫)א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬

‫א‬ ‫–‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪:‬א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،Single Institution‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫• א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(٢٠‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫)‪(٤‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫)‪(١٣‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪ (٣‬א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫"‪.‬‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٨‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א א‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .١‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٢‬א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٣‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٤‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٥‬‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫–‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫–‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٩‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫אא‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫(‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫(א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬

‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.١‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٢‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٣‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٤‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٥‬א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.١‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٤‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٥‬‬
‫‪١٠‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٦‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٧‬‬
‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪−‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫•‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(٢٧‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫א א‬ ‫• א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .١‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٢‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬
‫‪١١‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א ‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫אא‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .١‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪١٢‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٤‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫‪.٥‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫(א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٦‬א‬
‫‪١٣‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א (‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬

‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬
‫"‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫–א‬ ‫א‬ ‫–‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫)‪.(١‬‬
‫) ‪(١‬‬
‫‪١٤‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬

‫א א‬ ‫א אא א‬ ‫(‪:‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬

‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪١٥‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪ .‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א(א‬ ‫)א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ١ .١‬א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.١‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫אא א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
١٦ " ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

. ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ .٤

‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ .٥
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ .٦
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫ א‬، ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ .٧
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ − ‫א‬ ‫ א‬− ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ .٨
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ .٩
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ .١٠
.١ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
، ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ א‬٥٤ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ (٧ ‫)א‬ ‫( א‬٦ ‫)א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
(٨ ‫)א‬ ‫א‬ ‫( א‬٤ ‫)א‬ ‫א‬ ،
.(١) ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬

١
Economic Commission for Europe, "The Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics in The Region of
the Economic Commission for Europe "Annual Report , 8th meeting , April 1992.
‫‪١٧‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫) ‪(١‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫)‪(٪‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(٪‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(٪‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(٪‬‬ ‫א‬

‫‪١١٢‬‬ ‫‪١‬‬ ‫‪١‬‬ ‫‪٩‬‬ ‫‪١٠‬‬ ‫‪٤٥‬‬ ‫‪٥٠‬‬ ‫‪٤٤‬‬ ‫‪٥١‬‬ ‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪١١٢‬‬ ‫‪١‬‬ ‫‪١‬‬ ‫‪٤‬‬ ‫‪٤‬‬ ‫‪٣٧‬‬ ‫‪٤١‬‬ ‫‪٥٩‬‬ ‫‪٦٦‬‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪١١٢‬‬ ‫‪١‬‬ ‫‪١‬‬ ‫‪٦‬‬ ‫‪٧‬‬ ‫‪٥٠‬‬ ‫‪٥٦‬‬ ‫‪٤٣‬‬ ‫‪٤٨‬‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪١١١‬‬ ‫‪٧‬‬ ‫‪٨‬‬ ‫‪١٩‬‬ ‫‪٢١‬‬ ‫‪٣٧‬‬ ‫‪٤١‬‬ ‫‪٣٧‬‬ ‫‪٤١‬‬ ‫)‪(٤‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪١١١‬‬ ‫‪١‬‬ ‫‪١‬‬ ‫‪٨‬‬ ‫‪٩‬‬ ‫‪٤٢‬‬ ‫‪٤٧‬‬ ‫‪٤٩‬‬ ‫‪٥٤‬‬ ‫)‪(٥‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪١١٢‬‬ ‫‪١‬‬ ‫‪١‬‬ ‫‪١٩‬‬ ‫‪٢١‬‬ ‫‪٨٠‬‬ ‫‪٩٠‬‬ ‫)‪(٦‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪١١٢‬‬ ‫‪٣‬‬ ‫‪٣‬‬ ‫‪٤‬‬ ‫‪٤‬‬ ‫‪١٧‬‬ ‫‪١٩‬‬ ‫‪٧٧‬‬ ‫‪٨٦‬‬ ‫)‪(٧‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪١١٠‬‬ ‫‪٦‬‬ ‫‪٧‬‬ ‫‪١٩‬‬ ‫‪٢١‬‬ ‫‪٤٤‬‬ ‫‪٤٨‬‬ ‫‪٣١‬‬ ‫‪٣٤‬‬ ‫)‪(٨‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪١١١‬‬ ‫‪١‬‬ ‫‪١‬‬ ‫‪٥‬‬ ‫‪٥‬‬ ‫‪٥٠‬‬ ‫‪٥٥‬‬ ‫‪٤٥‬‬ ‫‪٥٠‬‬ ‫)‪(٩‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫)‪(١٠‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٢٠٠٤‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪"،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ٢ .١‬א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬

‫‪:Independence‬‬ ‫‪ :‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪١٨‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫‪.١‬‬
‫א ‪.‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٣‬א א א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٤‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٥‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٦‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٧‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬

‫‪:Relevance‬‬ ‫‪:‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫אא‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪١‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪١٩‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫"‪ .١‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫" א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.١‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٤‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:Credibility‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫"‪.‬‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪:‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪١‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫" א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٢٠‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ٣ .١‬א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬

‫‪١‬‬
‫א ‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‪ ،‬א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪"،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.٨ − ٥ :‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪، ٢٠٠٤ ،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٢١‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫)‪ (١‬א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א א‬
‫א א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.Free Public Accessibility‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪ (٢‬א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א א ‪:‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫‪.Professional Codes of Conduct‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א אא א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬

‫אא א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪ (٤‬א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫‪٢٢‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬

‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫•‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪ (٥‬א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫• א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬

‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪ (٦‬א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫אא א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٢٣‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪ (٧‬א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(٨‬‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א אא א‬ ‫• א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬

‫‪ ،‬א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(٩‬‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
٢٤ " ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ (١٠)

: ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
. ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
.١ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ،" ‫א‬ " ، ‫א‬
. ،

١
The Committee for the Coordination of Statistical Activities, "Principles Governing International
Statistical Activities", UN, September 2005.
‫‪٢٥‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬
‫א ‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א ‪(PARIS 21) ٢١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫)‪(١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ STATCAP‬א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א (‪.١‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫אא‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬א א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪١ .٢‬‬

‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א אא ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪٨‬‬ ‫‪PARIS 21‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪−١‬‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،٢٠٠٤‬‬
‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٢٠٠٤‬‬ ‫א "‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪" ، PARIS 21‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪- World bank, "Guidelines for Preparing a STATCAP Statistical Master Plan".‬‬
‫‪٢٦‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫(‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫–א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.١‬‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫–א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٤‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ٢ .٢‬א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫)‪ :(١‬א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .١‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
٢٧ " ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫( א‬Special Data Dissemination Standards, SDDS) ‫א‬ ‫א‬ .٢

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ א‬،١٩٩٦ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ (General Data Dissemination Standards, GDDS) ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ א‬.٣
‫א‬ ‫א‬، ‫א‬ ‫ א‬١٩٩٧
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ (Data Quality Assessment Framework, DQAF) ‫א‬ .٤
، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
( ٢) ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫ )א‬، ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
.( ‫א א‬
‫א‬ (Statistical Capability Building Indices, SCBI) ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ .٥
‫א‬ ،٢١ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
. ‫א‬
(Multiple Integrated Statistical Program, ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ א‬.٦
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫( א‬MISP
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ .٧

: ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ (٢)

‫א אא א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ، ‫א‬
، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
. ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٢٨‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫)‪ (٣‬א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫(‬ ‫א אא א‬ ‫)‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪ (٤‬א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫)‪(٥‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫"‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٢٩‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א ‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ٣ .٢‬א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −١‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٢‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫אא‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א אא א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٣٠‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٣‬‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫؟‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫؟)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫؟‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫؟‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א ‪:‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٤‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫(‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٣١‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪−٥‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫‪.(SWOT‬‬ ‫)‬
‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫)א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٣٢‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫)‪(GDDS‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬
‫)‪.(SCBI‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪،(DQAF‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬
‫א א ‪.‬‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א ‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٣٣‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫(‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬א א א‬
‫‪٣٤‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪":‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ("‪.‬‬ ‫)‪١٠−٥‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪"،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫"‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪"،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫"‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪"،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫"‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪....." ،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪:‬‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫"‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫(‬ ‫)א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪٣٥‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫(‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫א (‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א ‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(NSS‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א א ‪:‬‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫"א א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٣٦‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫אא‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫אא ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א ‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪٣٧‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫אא ‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬

‫א א (‪.‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ ،STATCAP‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א א‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬
‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ −‬א א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬
٣٨ " ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

. ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ −

. ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬−

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ " ‫"א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫אא א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬
"Benchmarking" ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
PARIS 21 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ : ، ‫א‬
. ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬: ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬
، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
: ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
"The Report of The Indian Statistics Commission Suggests That The Problems
Statistical Systems Face Relate To Implementation and The Context in Which They
Operate Rather Than a Failure in Design or Legislation."١.

: ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٤ .٢

: ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

. ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫• א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ א‬، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ א‬، ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
. ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

١
Edmunds, Roger," Models of Statistical Systems: Paris 21 ", October 2005.
‫‪٣٩‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫אא א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫• א‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫א‬ ‫)‪(NSDS‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א "‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫)א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫"א א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪،‬א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‪،‬‬
‫א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫"‪،‬‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫")‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪٤٠‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫אא א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א א א‬ ‫א א ‪ ،‬א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫(‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א א ‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א ‪،‬‬
‫(‪.١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪١‬‬
‫‪.٣٠ ٢٨‬‬ ‫‪، ٢٠٠٤‬‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪، PARIS 21‬‬
‫‪٤١‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫אא‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬

‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪١ .٣‬‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫אא‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א אא‬ ‫א‬
‫א א א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‪.‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫"‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫(‬ ‫א‪−‬א‬ ‫א א –‬ ‫)‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٤٢‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫"‬ ‫" "‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫’ ‪:Single Institution‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א אא א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬
‫"‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.١‬‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٤‬‬
‫‪٤٣‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א א א‬

‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א "‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:More Than One Institution‬‬ ‫‪:‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫(‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א ‪.‬‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٤٤‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ .‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫–‬ ‫א א א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ :‬א א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −١‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −٢‬א‬
‫‪.One Stop Shop‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٣‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −٤‬א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ :‬א א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −١‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٢‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −١‬א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪:‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−١‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٢‬‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٣‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٤‬‬
‫‪.١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٥‬‬
‫‪١‬‬
‫‪Edmunds, Roger ," Models of Statistical Systems : Paris 21 " , October 2005‬‬
‫‪٤٥‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫(‬ ‫)א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−١‬‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א א (‬ ‫א א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪ −٢‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪−٣‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٤‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٥‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −٦‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪−٧‬‬
‫‪٤٦‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫"‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،١٩٨٠‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫"‪.‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫א‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫אא‬ ‫‪١٩٦٠‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫‪.١٩٩٠‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٨٠‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫‪٤٧‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫)‪(٢٠‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א ‪،‬‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(١٣‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫)‪(٤‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫"‪.‬‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢ .٣‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪.١‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪.٤‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א ‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫‪.١‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א ‪،‬א א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א א‬ ‫א ‪:‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪١‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א א א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫‪٤٨‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.١‬‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫–א‬ ‫–א‬ ‫)א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫(‪.‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٣‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٤‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .١‬א‬
‫א א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א ‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٣‬א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫‪.٤‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬

‫‪١‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫"‪.....‬‬ ‫‪١٩٧٦‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٤٩‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א " אא א‬
‫‪.١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪١‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‪،‬‬ ‫א א ‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪١٠‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٤٢‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א ‪٢٠‬‬
‫‪٥٠‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬

‫א א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬

‫‪.‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ٣ .٣‬א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٥١‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٥٢‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א אא א‬ ‫א‬
‫א "‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א "‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫–‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫( א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬

‫‪١‬‬
‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪- Warschburger , Sabin ," The Statistical System: The Role of the Chief Statistician " , United Nations‬‬
‫‪Statistics Division (UNSD) , Addis Ababa, 9 Dec 2003 .‬‬
‫‪٥٣‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫"‬ ‫"‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫"‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪Strategic Advocator‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.٢‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‪،‬א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫)א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א אא א‬ ‫א‬ ‫(‬ ‫א‬

‫‪١‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬
‫‪٢‬‬
‫‪.٢٠٠١‬‬ ‫‪٢٨−٢٦ ،‬‬ ‫"‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪"،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪٥٤‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א אא א‬ ‫א אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א אא א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א ‪.‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫)‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫)‬ ‫א(‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א(‬ ‫א‬
‫(‪.١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪١‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٥٥‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫)‪(٤‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(١١‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬

‫‪١‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‪ ،‬א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪"،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.٢٠ ١٦‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،٢٠٠٤ ،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٥٦‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪−‬‬ ‫–‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א א‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −١‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −٢‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −٣‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٤‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫(‬ ‫א‬ ‫) ‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٥‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪ : (٢‬א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫–‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −١‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −٢‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −٣‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٥٧‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫) ‪(٢‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪"،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א(א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫–‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫–‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א(‬ ‫‪٤٠ ،‬‬ ‫‪١٠‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬
‫‪٥٨‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫–‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א "‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٥٩‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫"‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٦٠‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א ‪،‬‬ ‫)‪(٥‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪ (٦‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٦١‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .١‬א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫• א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫• א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
٦٢ " ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

: ‫א‬ ‫ א‬.٢
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫ א‬، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
: ‫א‬ ‫ א‬.٣
‫א‬ ‫ א‬، ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ א‬، ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
.١ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ، ‫א א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬

‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
: ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬
: ‫א‬ ‫א‬ .١
، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
: ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
. ‫א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬

١
Sarmad khawaja and Thomas k.morrison, " Statistical legislation: Toward a More General Framework "
IMF working paper, October 2002 , WP/02/179.
‫‪٦٣‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٢‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٣‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٤‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‪،‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٥‬א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٦٤‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.١‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٢‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ :‬א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٤‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٥‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٦‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٧‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א אא ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א ‪،‬‬ ‫)‪(٨‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫)‪(٢٧‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٦٥‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .١‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٢‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٣‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א ‪،‬א‬ ‫)‪(٧‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٦٦‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬
‫–‬ ‫א‬ ‫–‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪، Single‬‬ ‫‪Institution‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٦٧‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫•‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‪،‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(٢٠‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫)‪(٤‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫)‪(١٣‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(٣‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫"‪.‬‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٦٨‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪−‬‬ ‫–‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א א‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .١‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٢‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٣‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .٤‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.٥‬‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫(‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٦٩‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫•‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫)‪(٢٧‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫א א‬ ‫•א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
٧٠ " ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬

: ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ،" ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ "، ‫א‬ ‫א‬، ‫א‬ ‫ א‬.١
.٢٠٠٤ ، ‫א‬
‫ א א‬،" ‫א‬ ‫א‬ : ‫א‬ ‫א‬ "، ‫א‬ ‫ א‬.٢
. ، ٢٠٠٤ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬
.٢٠٠٤ ،" ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ " ،PARIS 21 .٣
،" : ‫א‬ "، ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ .٤
.٢٠٠١ ٢٨−٢٦ ، ‫א‬

: ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

1. Economic Commission for Europe, "The Fundamental Principles of Official

Statistics in The Region of the Economic Commission for Europe "Annual Report,
8th meeting, April 1992.
2. Edmunds, Roger," Models of Statistical Systems: Paris 21 ", October 2005.
3. Handbook of Official Statistics in ECE Member Countries, 1995.
www.unece.org/stats/handbook
4. Sarmad, khawaja and Thomas k. Morrison, " Statistical legislation: Toward a More
General Framework " IMF Working Paper, October 2002, WP/02/179.
5. The Committee for the Coordination of Statistical Activities, "Principles Governing
International Statistical Activities", UN, September 2005.
6. Warschburger, Sabin," The Statistical System: The Role of the Chief Statistician ",
United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD), Addis Ababa, 9 Dec 2003.
7. World Bank, "Guidelines for Preparing a STATCAP Statistical Master Plan".
8. World Bank , " Statistical Capacity Building – STATCAP.

: ‫א‬ ‫א‬
1- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_Statistician_of_Canada
2- http://www.unece.org/stats/handbook/countries/deu.htm
3- http://www.statistics.gov.uk
4- http://www.statscom.org.uk/index.asp
‫‪٧١‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪( ١‬‬

‫)‪(Statistical Capacity Building STATCAP‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪STATCAP‬‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א אא א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫אא‬ ‫‪STATCAP‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪STATCAP‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.OECD ،UN‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫‪Project Appraisal‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪PAD‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪Document (PAD‬‬
‫‪٧٢‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪،(SMP‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫)‪Trust Fund for Statistical (TFSCB‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.Capacity Building‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪Data‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪،General Data Dissemination System (GDDS‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪،Quality Assessment Framework (DQAF‬‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪STATCAP‬‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−١‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٧٣‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٢‬‬

‫‪.GIS‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫אא ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٣‬‬
‫)א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪−٤‬‬
‫‪... ،‬א (‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א ‪،‬א א‬
‫‪٧٤‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫)‪(DQAF‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(٢‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א א‬ ‫‪ ١−١−‬א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪١−‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬א‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪٢ −١ −‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٣ −١ −‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٤ −١ −‬‬

‫א‬ ‫‪ /‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬

‫א א א‬ ‫‪١ −٢ −‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪٢−‬א א ‪−‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬

‫‪٢ −٢ −‬‬
‫א א א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪١ −٣ −‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬א‬ ‫‪٣−‬א‬

‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪ .‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٧٥‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪١ −٤ −‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪٤−‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪٢ −٤ −‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪٣ −٤ −‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪١ −١ −١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ١−١‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−١‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ٢ −١ −١‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫אא א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٣ −١ −١‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪ ١ −٢ −١‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪ ٢ −١‬א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬

‫א‬ ‫‪ ٢ −٢ −١‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א א‬ ‫‪ ٣ −٢ −١‬א‬
‫‪٧٦‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪/‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪٤ −٢ −١‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪١ −٣ −١‬‬ ‫‪−‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ٣ −١‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ .‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ١–١−٢‬א‬ ‫‪ −‬א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ١ −٢‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٢‬‬
‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ١ −٢ −٢‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬א א‬ ‫‪ ٢ −٢‬א‬ ‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬

‫‪/‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ١ −٣ −٢‬א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪/‬א‬ ‫‪ ٣ −٢‬א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ١ −٤ −٢‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٤ −٢‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ٢ −٤ −٢‬א‬ ‫‪.‬‬

‫אא א‬ ‫‪ ٣ −٤ −٢‬א‬
‫‪٧٧‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪/‬א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪١ −١ −٣‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ١ −٣‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −٣‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ٢ −١ −٣‬א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪٣ −١ −٣‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ١ −٢ −٣‬א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢ −٣‬‬

‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪−‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪ ١ −٣ −٣‬א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ٣ −٣‬א‬

‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ٢ −٣ −٣‬א‬
‫אא א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٧٨‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪ ١ −٤ −٣‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٤ −٣‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢ −٤ −٣‬‬ ‫א ‪.‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٣ −٤ −٣‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ١ −٥ −٣‬א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ٥ −٣‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪١ −١ −٤‬‬ ‫א ‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ١ −٤‬א‬ ‫‪ −٤‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪٢ −١ −٤‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ١ −٢ −٤‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬א‬ ‫‪ ٢ −٤‬א‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ٢ −٢ −٤‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬

‫א‬ ‫‪ ٣ −٢ −٤‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪/‬‬
‫‪٧٩‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪١ −٣ −٤‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٣ −٤‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬

‫א א‬ ‫‪ ٢ −٣ −٤‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪ /‬א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪٣ −٣ −٤‬‬

‫)א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪(١−٥ −٣‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪١ −١ −٥ −‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪١ −٥‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٥‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢ −١ −٥‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٣ −١ −٥‬‬
‫‪.‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٤ −١ −٥‬‬

‫א ‪.‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٥ −١ −٥‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪١ −٢ −٥‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٢ −٥‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪٢ −٢ −٥‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٨٠‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪ ١ −٣ −٥‬א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٣ −٥‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪٢ −٣ −٥‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪،‬‬
‫א ‪.‬‬
‫‪٨١‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪ (٣‬א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫)‪( ٧‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א אא א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪.‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
 ‫‪٨٢‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א ‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪Source: Edmunds, Roger," Models of Statistical Systems: Paris 21 ", October 2005‬‬
‫‪٨٣‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪( ٤‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−١‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪Statistics Canada‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‪.‬‬ ‫א ‪Statistics‬‬
‫‪،Canada‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −٢‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‪.‬‬

‫‪−٣‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪−٤‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬א א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א)‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.(....‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −٢‬א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −٢‬א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪Director‬‬ ‫‪General‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٣‬‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪National‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ −٤‬א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪Statistician‬‬
‫א‬
‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪ .Statistics Denmark‬א‬

‫)א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א (‬
‫א א ‪.‬‬
‫‪٨٤‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٣‬‬
‫א ‪/‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א ‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪Federal‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪Statistical‬‬ ‫‪Office‬‬
‫)‪.(FSO‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪−‬‬
‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪−١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٤‬‬
‫א‪.‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪Director‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪General‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪−٢‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫אא א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −٣‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א א ‪.‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‪.‬‬
‫‪Census‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −٥‬א‬
‫א א‬ ‫‪Bureau‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
٨٥ " ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

Census ‫א‬ ‫א‬
،Bureau
، ‫א‬
‫א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫ א‬−١ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ א‬−٦
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ Chancellor ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
. ‫א א‬ ‫ א‬of Exchequer National ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫ א‬−٢ ، ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ،Statistician
. ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
، ‫א א‬ ‫ א‬National Statistics
‫א‬ ‫א‬ −٣ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ Office for ‫א‬
.‫א‬ ‫א‬
،National Statistics
‫א‬
، ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
، ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
.‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ א‬−٧
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫ א‬Central ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫ א‬Statistics Office
(CSO)
. ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
،‫א‬ ‫א‬
٨٦ " ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬، ‫א‬ ‫א‬
. ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ −٨
‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
National
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ Institute of
‫א‬ ‫ א‬، Statistics (INE)
. ‫א‬
‫א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ −٩
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
، ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ National ‫א‬
، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ Institute of
Statistics and
‫א‬ ‫ א‬،Economic Studies
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
. ‫א‬ ‫א‬ . ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ −١٠
، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬، ‫א‬
Statistics
،Netherlands
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
theCentral Commission . ‫א‬
‫א‬ ،for Statistics
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
٨٧ " ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

. ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ −١١
‫ א א‬، ‫א‬ ، ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
. ‫א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
Swiss Federal
Statistical Office
.(SFSO)
Sources: http://www.statcan.ca/english/about/statact.htm
http://www.unece.org/stats/handbook/countries/dnk.htm
http://www.unece.org/stats/handbook/countries/deu.htm
http://www.unece.org/stats/handbook/countries/fin.htm
http://www.census.gov/acsd/www/history.html
http://www.statistics.gov.uk/about_ns/downloads/FrameDoc1.pdf
http://www.unece.org/stats/handbook/countries/irl.htm
http://www.unece.org/stats/handbook/countries/esp.htm
http://www.unece.org/stats/handbook/countries/fra.htm
http://www.unece.org/stats/handbook/countries/nld.htm
http://www.unece.org/stats/handbook/countries/che.htm
‫‪٨٨‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(٥‬‬

‫‪Statistics Commission‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬
‫‪Advisory Non-‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.٢٠٠٠‬‬ ‫)‪،Departmental Public Body (NDPB‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫אא א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.١‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א אא ‪،‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،National Statistician‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א אא א‬ ‫‪،‬‬

‫‪quality ،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪، National Statistics‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪ −١‬א‬

‫"‬ ‫א א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،marker for official statistics‬‬
‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬א ‪،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪ Code of Practice‬א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫) ‪Government Statistics Service‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א אא‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪١٢‬‬ ‫"‪.("GSS‬‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ .‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א א ‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٨٩‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫אא א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א אא‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.٢‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‪.‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪١ - www.statscom.org.uk‬‬
‫‪٢ - http://www.statscom.org.uk/media_pdfs/policies.‬‬
‫‪٩٠‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א אא ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫אא א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א אא א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٩١‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫)א א ‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،Official Statistics‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪Code of‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.Practice‬‬
‫‪٩٢‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪−١‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪−٢‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٣‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א ‪:‬‬ ‫‪−٤‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٥‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٦‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٧‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٨‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪−٩‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א ‪:‬‬ ‫‪−١٠‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪:‬‬ ‫‪−١١‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫‪٣‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪٨‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−١‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪١‬‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪ .‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٩٣‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫(‪.‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٢‬‬

‫(‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٣‬‬
‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٤‬‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٥‬‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −٦‬א‬
‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٧‬‬
‫(‪.‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٨‬‬
‫(‪.١‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א ‪The National Statistics Council of Canada‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬

‫‪،١٩٨٥‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬
‫‪،‬א א ‪،‬‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪..‬א ‪.‬‬

‫‪١‬‬
‫‪http://www.statscom.org.uk/media_pdfs/policies/Framework_Document.pdf‬‬
‫‪٩٤‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫(‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א א‬
‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‪،‬‬ ‫‪٤٠‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬

‫א (‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬א ‪.١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫) ‪:Federal Committee on Statistical Methodology (FCSM‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫•‬

‫‪Office of Management ،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א א‬

‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،١٩٧٥‬‬ ‫‪، and Budget‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫אא‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪ −‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪١ - http://www.statistics.gov.uk‬‬
‫‪٩٥‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪٣٤‬‬ ‫אא‬

‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪٦٥‬‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬
‫‪٩٦‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(٦‬‬

‫(‬ ‫)א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(ONS‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫)‪(١٩٧٥‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(OSTAT‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א )‪(١٩٦٥‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א ‪ ،‬א‬ ‫)‪(١٩٣٩‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫)‪(٨١−١٩٧٠‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(١٩٤٦‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ LSO‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ) א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(١٩٨٧‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫)‪(١٩٥٦‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫)‪(١٩٩٣‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪٩٧‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫(‬ ‫)א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(ONS‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(١٩٨٨‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫)‪(١٩٧١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(١٩٦٢‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(١٩٩٦‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪ (١٩٠٧‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪١٩٨٩‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫)‪(١٩٨٩‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫)‪(١٩٨٩‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫)‪(١٩٩٢‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪Source: Handbook of Official Statistics in ECE Member Countries, 1995 www.unece.org/stats/handbook.‬‬
‫‪٩٨‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪١‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(٧‬‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‪،‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −١‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬
‫א "‬ ‫א " א "א "‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٢‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫)א( א‬
‫‪−١‬א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫אא‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫‪(١‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫" א "‬ ‫‪(٢‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬ ‫‪(٣‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫"א‬ ‫‪(٤‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫‪(٥‬‬

‫א‬ ‫‪−٢‬‬
‫"‬ ‫א‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.٢‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫"‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‪ ،‬א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪"،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−١‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪، ٢٠٠٤ ،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٢‬‬
‫‪٩٩‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫"‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫"‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫"‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫•‬
‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫"‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪−٣‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(١‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א אא‬
‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٢‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪(٣‬‬
‫‪،‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٤‬‬
‫‪.١‬‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪ −٤‬א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫"‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(١‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא א‬ ‫‪ (٢‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א אא ‪،‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫אא א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫‪ (٣‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ (٤‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−١‬‬
‫‪١٠٠‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٥‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪(١‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‪.١‬‬ ‫א אא א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٢‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٣‬‬
‫‪.٢‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٦‬א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪(١‬‬
‫א‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ (٢‬א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫אא‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪(٣‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‪،‬‬ ‫‪١٥‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א אא א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪٣‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−١‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−٢‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −٣‬א‬
‫‪١٠١‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(١‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪(٢‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٣‬‬
‫(‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٤‬‬
‫(‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٥‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٦‬‬
‫(‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٧‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫) ( א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪ −١‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫‪−‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.١‬‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪− ١‬‬

‫אא ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪١٠٢‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪−‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬
‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(١‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٢‬‬
‫‪،‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٣‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪(٤‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫אא‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪ (١‬א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ (٢‬א‬
‫) ( ) (‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٣‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٤‬‬
‫א ‪:‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٥‬‬
‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪١٠٣‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٦‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٧‬‬
‫) (‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.١‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪−٢‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫אא‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(١‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٢‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫•‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−١‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"(‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫) א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫"(‬ ‫א‬ ‫)"א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪١٠٤‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪−٣‬א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(١‬‬
‫אא‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٢‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٣‬‬
‫‪....‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪....‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪−٤‬‬
‫‪:‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪(١‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٢‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.١‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪....‬‬
‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−١‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪١٠٥‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪−‬א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬
‫א‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬א אא א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(١‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א אא א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٢‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −‬אא א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא א‬ ‫א אא א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫•‬
‫אא א‬ ‫‪−‬א‬
‫‪... ....‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(١‬‬
‫‪،‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٢‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א א‬ ‫‪−‬א‬
‫‪...‬‬ ‫אא א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫‪١٠٦‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪:‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫) (‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−١‬‬
‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א ‪:‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪(١‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٢‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫א‬ ‫‪−٢‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،.........،‬‬ ‫) (‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪١٠٧‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،..........،‬‬

‫א‬ ‫‪.......‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫(‬ ‫א‬ ‫)א א‬
‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬
‫א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ (١‬א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ (٢‬א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ (٣‬א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ (٤‬א‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪،١‬‬ ‫אא‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ (٥‬א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ ،‬א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א "‬ ‫"א‬ ‫‪−١‬‬

‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א ‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪١٠٨‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫‪−٣‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫אא‬
‫‪.‬‬
‫אא‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ −٤‬א‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א א‬
‫א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫‪(١‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)(‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٢‬‬
‫א‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪.....‬‬ ‫‪،.....‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫‪،‬‬

‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫‪−‬א‬
‫‪:‬‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(١‬‬
‫‪،‬‬
‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪(٢‬‬
‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬
‫‪......‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪،‬‬
‫א א‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪.‬‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫אא‬ ‫א‬ ‫א א‬
 ‫‪١٠٩‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫)‪(٨‬‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫‪١١٠‬‬ ‫"‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬

‫א‬

‫א‬

‫א‬
 ١١١ " ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫"א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א א‬

‫א‬

‫א‬

‫א‬

‫א‬

‫א‬
Source: Sarmad, khawaja and Thomas k. Morrison , " Statistical legislation: Toward a More General Framework " IMF Working Paper, October 2002 , WP/02/179.