POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE AND FINE ARTS

Department of Architecture

“A Proposed Polytechnic University of the Philippines Caloocan City -North

Campus A Climate Responsive University through Bio-Integrated Design “

CHAPTER 3

Terms of References

Submitted by

Montes, Joshua E.

Submitted to

Ar. Melba Paual

RMA Adviser
3.1 RRL

Topic 1: Effective Design in Campuses and University Design guidelines

SEARCH DESIGN GUIDELINES OF CHED

HIGH PERFORMANCE MODEL

TYPES OF IDEAL ENVIRONMENT FOR LEARNING

Topic 2: Climate Responsive Architecture

SEARCH CLIMATE RESPONSIVE DESIGN

INTERIOR CLIMATE KEME DOE

EFFECTS OF AIR QUALITY TO STUDENTS

Topic 3: Bio-integrated Design

Bio-Integrated design is the practice of applying bio-technology and other

innovations that considers biological components translated to design. The Advances in

biotechnology play a role in redefining architectural principles and innovation (2014,

Rubilar) States that architecture is frequently evolving by the advances in technology and

these had been an unsustainable practice. The advancements in biotechnology and

synthetic biology are expanding the horizon of architects to integrate the built environment

with the natural environment. e.g. New Materials that are responsive to their

surroundings, Harvest nutrients and energy from, environment and other usable

components that can shape the future of architecture.

Biotech is the new digital (2017, Negroponte) Believes that in the near future of

design biotechnology will be part of human kind. The use of living systems and organisms

to make or develop products has increased dramatically in recent years. Clothing created

by bacteria, buildings powered by algae and engineered glow-in-the-dark plants are just

a few examples. These advancements are not limited to what nature can do but also

improve what nature can do.

(2018, Veselinovic) Discusses the effects of Architecture on the Environment.

Every constructed building leaves a long-term effect on the ecosystem Energy and water

consumed by the users of the building are converted into harmful gases and wastewater

after use. Even when the facility loses its function it still has effects on the environment

the solution is to recycle the facility in terms of conversion or demolition to reuse materials

for something else. Every aspects of energy spent on misuse, processing, production,
transport, construction, and maintenance can be considered as a loss. Properly planning

and designing is important to attain sustainability harnessing the natural resources within

the site increase the efficiency of the building. Overall the article indicates that architect’s

sustainability should be applied in the ecological, economical and social aspects.

SEARCH TOPIC REGARDING BUILDING IMPACTS TO ENVIRONMENT

SEARCH VARIOUS MATERIALS THAT ARE BIO INTEGRATED

SEARCH BENEFITS OF THESE MATERIALS

3.2 Case Study

Local Case Study No.1

Project: University of the Philippines Diliman

Location: Diliman, Quezon City

Type of Development: Higher Education Institution

Description:
 The University of the Philippines Diliman is the main campus of the University

with a total lot size of 493-hectares. The land used map of the university was

divided into eight categorize which are the campus core, academic units. science

and technology park, resource generation zone, residential mixed used, other

parks and major open spaces and protected forest area.

FIGURE 1.1 Land Use Map of University of the Philippines Diliman Campus 2012
Source: Glenn Orbon

1. Campus Core – The Campus core is a landmark in the university where

most of the pioneer buildings are accessible and provides sense of place

within the campus. This takes up 21.66 hectares.

 FIGURE 1.1 Quezon Hall
Source: GreatRuns.com

2. Academic Support Units - These are the space for academic purposes,

most of the classrooms, libraries and research facilities are located in this

zone.

3. Science and Technology Park - Where the university links with

business/industry for the generation of the basic materials and

technological innovations that shall drive the knowledge economy.

4. Resource Generation Zone – The Resource Generation zone are spaces

for commercial activities that is beneficial to the economy in the campus.

5. Parks and Major open spaces – Parks and Open spaces provide spaces for

various student activities within the university. Open spaces also act as

spots for evacuation during emergencies.

FIGURE 1.1 Sunken Garden in 2012

Source: Annab 99

6. Protected Forest area – The protected forest area is a non-buildable space

this part provides Habitat for urban wildlife and is 18.25 hectares in size.
 7. Residential Mixed used - These areas are housing provision for the faculty,

staff, students and other citizens.

8. Community Area - In this zone are for community facilities that are usable

for the community within the campus.

The university complex composes of various building and facilities and most

of the style of the original building is post-war design in example the Quezon

hall design by national artist Architect Juan Nakpil. And the new established

buildings are more contemporary style.

Architectural Evaluation

The University of the Philippines Diliman Campus has a provision for

expansions and is wide enough to provide buffer spaces between facilities that

decrease the noise pollution and provide natural shade for the buildings. These

strategies are effective to provide an efficient learning environment to the students

thus the comfortability to learn is not affected by environmental factors. The

downside of disconnected facilities is that the travel time from facility to facility is

important to consider and must provide a walkable environment that must be

shaded and properly paved.

Due to the distances of each building the institution developed their own

transportation within the campus vicinity. And nowadays private vehicles are

dominant in the campus that pollutes the air even more. Overall the campus is

designed to cater various courses, research centers, student and faculty residency

to create a community in the campus but because of the large land of the institution

some parts formed urban sprawling.

This case study will guide the researcher what zones and organization of

spaces in the development that will provide much more practical and to create an

identity to the overall output of the project.

Local Case Study 2

Project: Polytechnic University of the Philippines Sta Mesa

Location: Sta Mesa, Manila

Type of Development: Higher Education Institution

Description:

The Polytechnic University of the Philippines is the most populated

university in the country. In 2015 it opened its door to 70,000 students in all of the

campuses. The Sta.Mesa Campus also known as the Mabini Campus with the total

student body of 58,167 is situated in a 10.71-hectare campus. The campus main

building is up to six floors and divided into four wings (north, south, east and west)

with central ramp system in the center of the building. Other colleges are separated

from the main-building such as the college of engineering and fine arts, college of

communications, college of hotel and restaurant management, college of nutrition

and food science and college of computer management and information

technology due to the limited spaces in the main building can provide.

FIGURE 1.1 PUP Main Building 1st floor plan

Source: https://kilosparty.wordpress.com/2006/10/06/ground-floor/

The other facilities in the university includes are the following:

 Library

 Chapel

 Laboratory High School

 Gymnasium
  University Canteen

 Amphitheater

 Parks

 Pool

 Outdoor Courts

 Track and Football oval

 Grandstand

FIGURE 1.1 PUP Site Plan

Source: PUP.edu.ph

Architectural Evaluation

The institution accepts a huge amount of student and therefore the facilities

are under equipped to function properly. The building condition and influx of

students cannot coordinate to each other and the limited building maintenances is

decaying the building efficiency. The institution lacks the use of natural light and

ventilation making the buildings interior climate uncomfortable. The campus also

has a very limited space for vegetation and most of the paths are paved creating

a much more hotter surrounding. The other factors that affects students in this

campus is the noise from the PNR and Tricycle Drivers, Environmental Pollution,
 poor ventilation, insufficient natural lighting and congested classes needed to

provide solution to.

These observations will guide the researcher what factors and strategies

needed to be addressed in a high-density university situated in a highly

urbanized environment.

Local Case Study 3

Project: Lyceum of the Philippines Cavite

Location: Governor's Dr, General Trias, Cavite

Type of Development: Higher Education Institution

Description:

The Lyceum of the Philippines

Foreign Case Study 1

Project:

Location:

Type of Development: Higher Education Institution

Description:
Foreign Case Study 2

Project: University of The Sunshine Coast

Location: Queensland, Australia

Type of Development: Higher Education Institution

Architect Architectus

Description:

The University of the Sunshine Coast is a public university in Queensland,

Australia. The university was established in 1994 and started operations on

1996. It started with 524 students and as of 2017 the number of enrolled reached

16,592. It was created by the Australian Government to serve the growing

population of the Sunshine Coast region, north of Brisbane, in Queensland. The

University of the Sunshine Coast is the first greenfield university established in

Australia since 1971.

 FIGURE 1.1 South west facing shade veranda and central open space
Source: Peter St. Clair & Richard Hyde

Concepts and Planning

The Master Plan of the University applied the Jeffersonian Planning Concept to

emphasize the sense of place and identity of the university. Through this concept the

university had a capacity to order long-term growth and change within a comprehensive

but flexible plan. This concept support passive environmental design principles for all

campus building.
 The climate in the university is warm temperate. During winter season it is

warm and sunny but during night time temperature is below the comfort zone and

during summer the characteristics are similar to subtropics with humid conditions

The design chancellery that houses

office of the chancellor, academic offices,

classrooms, lecture theatre and café with

the building population of 700 students and

86 staff has a total area of 4,606 sqm and 3

FIGURE 1.1 Airflow across the site
floors was design to follow climate
Source: Hyde 2001
responsive strategies to extend comfort

zones using passive building features. The

strategies include passive solar heating,

cross ventilation, evaporative cooling and

thermal mass. Passive building system

indicates that the thermal capacity of

materials for heat sink effects with passive solar

FIGURE 1.1 : MGT Master Plan 1994
with Chancellery site shown in red for winter heating and with cross ventilation at
Source: MGT architects 1994
night during summer cooling.

The overall design of the building applies natural ventilation and mixed mode

climate control. Natural ventilation reduces energy usage, reducing maintenance and

operation cost and the mixed mode systems is a hybrid approach to ventilation and

cooling that aims to provide outside air into the building by both mechanical and passive

in example when the weather conditions are too cold or hot to rely on natural ventilation

an automated controlled system will switch to air conditioning mode when temperatures

are too hot or too cold for natural ventilation. Natural ventilation is achieved from operable

louvres or dampers and windows

 Architectural Evaluation

The University
FIGURE 1.1 Typical Cross Sectionof the Sunshine
of Office/Tutorial Coast
Room was planned
right (natural ventilation)adapting a concept mode)
and left (air-conditioned that will
Source: Richard Hyde
harness the natural winds and provide plenty of greenspaces therefore will promote

walkability and create a non-stressful environment for the users. The climate responsive

design strategies applied in the chancellery will guide the researcher applicable methods

and the concept of the site plan of the university in the overall design of the project.