An Energy-saving Automatic System for the Measurement of the

Characteristics of Asynchronous Machine

D.M..Zhang & J. Gong
school of Electrical & Electronic Engineering
Nanyang Technological University
Singapore 639798

Abstract energy is less consumed during the measure-

ment. In order to make the load controllable
This PaPa P r e n b anaergy-sving t o m m by the computer through PIO-12, an AC/DC
sure the characteristics of the induction machine au- converter is used here to supply the power to
tomatically. This system includes control unit, data
acquisition unit(DAS20, SSH4), voltage,current,power the exciting winding of the DC motor which is
,speed and torque sensing unit(power meter 2533332. One member Of the energy-feedback unit. The
speed-torque &mor) and ener& - feedback unit(DC. rectifier trigger signal for AC / DC converter
motor, DC generator and asynchronous machine). is generated using a new method which makes
A new method is introduced here to generate pulsp- the converter output almost continuously ad-
width tunable trigger signal to control singlephase justable.
AC/DC converter which supplies power to DC mw
tor excitation winding in the energy feedback unit. 2. Experiment Setup
Therefore the load of the asynchronous machine un-
der test becomes changeable and the energy is saved Figure 1 shows the experiment setup for the
during the measurement process. In the system PC measurement. It includes control unit, data ac-
is utilized to increase the measurement efficiency. quisition unit(DAS20, SSH4), voltage,current,
C language is utilized to create the measurement power , speed and torque sensing unit(power
menu. The drive for the data acquisition board
DAS20 is programmed using assembly language. The meter 2533332, speed-torque sensor) and en-
drive program is mixed in the C language environ- ergy feedback unit(DC motor, DC generator
ment. Therefore the menu programmed by C lan- and asynchronous machine).
guage can fulfill the data acquisition. Furthermore 2.1 Control Unit.
I/O signals can trigger the switch to supply or cut The 80486 personal computer is utilized here to
the power to induction machine under test. The collect data from DAS2O and fire the trigger sig-
whole measurement is controlled by PC. The oper-
nal through PIO-12 to the AC/DC converter.
ator only needs to p r e s the button in the keyboard
, the measurement procedure will be finished. The 2.2 Data Acquisition Unit
measured data and related curves will be presented The data acquisition unit includes data acqui-
on the screen of the PC. sition board DAS2O and simultaneous sample
and hold board SSH4.
1. Introduction DAS2O is a multi-function , high speed A/D
Recently the electric machine properties mea- and 110 board. It is convenient to connect the
surement becomes more intelligent and auto- board with IBM PC/XT/AT or PSI2 and its
matic. The development greatly reduces the compatible. This makes it possible to turn a
need of man-power during measurement. This computer to a high precision data acquisition
paper introduces an energy-feedback unit in the and signal processing equipment.
automatic system for measuring the character- SSH4 can sample four signals from different chan-
istics of asynchronous machine. Therefore not nels simultaneously. When more than four-channel
only the man-power is saved but also electric signals need to be acquired , two or more SSH4
can be cascaded. SSH4 also can be easily con-

0 1998 JEEE
0-7803-4879-6/98/$10.00 386
nected with DAS2O. shares one trigger signal. Within one period,
2.3 Voltage, Current, Power ,
Speed and when the voltage drop on one thyristor is pos-
Torque Sensing Unit itive, the drop on the other is certainly neg-
Power meter 2533332 is connected with the asyn- ative. Therefore two pulse within one period
chronous machine under test. Therefore the is needed in order to trigger the two thyristors
voltage and the current which flows through the in turn. This task is fulfilled using the circuit
machine can be converted to two analogy sig- showing in Fig.4. PC can change the pulse-
nals within 5 v. These two signals are propor- width of the trigger signal through setting PIO-
tional to the voltage and current flowing through 12 %bit states. Fig.5-7 present adjustability of
the machine. the pulsewidth for the trigger signal. Therefore
2.4 Energy Feedback Unit the output of AC/DC converter is changeable.
It consists of DC generator, DC motor and asyn- Fig.8 is the comparison between the 50Hz wave
chronous machine. DC generator takes the role and 28 x 50Hz in the trigger signal generating
as the load of the asynchronous machine un- circuit shown in Fig.4.
der test. The power produced by the generator 3.3 Experimental Implementation
supplies the drive to the armature of DC motor. Here PC is utilized to control the whole experi-
The DC motor and asynchronous generator in- ment. In PC, the C language is used to program
vert the DC power to AC power and feedback the menu. Therefore the operator only needs to
the electricity to power network. Therefore the press the keyboard and the measurement pro-
energy is saved during the measurement. cess will be finished automatically.
3. Mechanism of the Automatic 4. Results
Measurement System Table 2 shows the measured load property for
3.1 Voltage, Current and Power Measure- the asynchronous machine YlOOLl-4 2.2kW 5.OA
ment. 380V Y-connection. Fig.9 is the result for the
Figure 2 shows the voltage and current mea- load property of the asynchronous machine.
surement using the power meter 2533332. The
voltage , current and power can be calculated 5. Conclusion
using following equations based on the transient- In this paper an automatic system to measure
sampled data. the characteristic of the electric machines is dis-
cussed. This system not only increases the effi-
ciency and save man-power during experiment
but also save the electricity due to the intro-
duction of the energy-feedback unit in the mea-
surement system. The operator only needs to
press the keyboard, the whole system will op-
erate automatically. Because the torque sen-
sor does not follow dynamic change well, this
T N-'
1 system is not well suitable to measure the dy-
u(t)i(t)dt= - u(n)i(n) (3) namic properties ,especially the Torque-Speed
n a
property of the machine. This needs to be im-
In this system 2EL connection method is used proven in the future.
for the 3@W system. Table 1 shows the for- References
mulae to calculate each power. 1. Yokogawa Models 2533332,2533333 2533312
3.2 A C / D C Converter and it5 n i g g e r Cir- and 2533313 digital power meter.1990.
2. Keithley user guide for the DAS20 A/D k
cuit. D/A data acquisition boardsJ991.
The AC/DC converter supplies the power to 3. Keuthley The SSH4 simultaneous samples dc
the exciting winding of DC motor which is part hold module user guide,l988.
of the energy feedback unit. Fig.3 shows the 4. Induction machines, their behavior and uses
single phase AC/DC converter and its trigger , Philip L. Alger. New York, Gordon and
signal amplifying circuit. The two thyristors Breach ,1970

387
 Table 1: Formulae to calculate each power

Table 2: Data for load property of the asynchronous machine

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Data collection and

processing, control
80486 PC

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Figure 1: Experiment setup for measuring the characteristics of induction machine automatically

388
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Figure 2: Voltage and current measurement using the power meter 2533332

Figure 3: Single phase AC/DC converter and its trigger signal amplifying circuit

Figure 4 Circuit to generate the pulsewidth adjustable trigger signal for single-phase AC/DC
converter

Figure 5: trigger signal A

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Figure 6 : trigger signal B

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Figure 7: trigger signal C

Figure 8: Comparison between the waves of the 50HZ and 256 x 50Hz in trigger pulse generating
circuit

Figure 9: Experiment results for load property'of the asynchronous machine

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