PROBLEMS SPOTTED

1. Cavitation damage in transmission line

 Cavitation occurs when air bubbles are generated inside a pump because of the partial pressure
drop of the flowing liquid, resulting in a cavity at the relevant part. This phenomenon is
especially destructive to metal surfaces, which have little elasticity and will eventually become
pitted by the high-pressure jets formed by the collapsing vapor bubbles.
 Two types of cavitation are possible: suction and discharge.

2. Negative pressure

 It is this reversal of flow which creates a small negative pressure in the pump which allows the
waste or ‘clack’ valve to drop open via gravity and start the process all over again.

https://www.flowcontrolnetwork.com/pumps-motors-drives/article/15563623/understanding-and-
avoiding-pump-cavitation

https://permaculturenews.org/2014/04/02/ram-pumps/