JERUSALEM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, PALLIKARANI, CHENNAI 100

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

ACADEMIC YEAR EVEN (2019-2020)
III YEAR 6th SEM

Sub Code: CS8691

Sub Title: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Unit: 1
Title of the Unit: INTRODUCTION
Introduction–Definition - Future of Artificial Intelligence – Characteristics of Intelligent
Agents–Typical Intelligent Agents – Problem Solving Approach to Typical AI problems.

PART A

Q.No Question Year Bloom’s

Taxanomy
Level
1 Define Artificial Intelligence. K1
The study of how to make computers do things at which at
the moment, people are better.
 Systems that think like humans.
 Systems that act like humans.
 Systems that think rationally.
 Systems that act rationally.
2 Differentiate Natural Intelligence from Artificial K2
Intelligence
Natural Intelligence:
 Exhibited by human beings.
 Highly refined and no electricity required to
generate output.
 No one is an expert. We can get better solution
from one another.
Artificial Intelligence:
 Programmed by humans in machines.
 It exists in computer system, so electrical energy
is required for activation of output.
 Expert system exists, which collect ideas of
human beings.
3 What is meant by a Turing Test? K1
A Turing Test is a method of inquiry in artificial
intelligence (AI) for determining whether or not a computer
is capable of thinking like a human being. The test is named
after Alan Turing.
 What are the capabilities, computer should possess to
4 pass Turing test? K1

Natural language processing -to enable it to communicate

successfully in English.
Knowledge representation - to store what it knows or
hears.
Automated reasoning - to use the stored information to
answer questions and to draw new conclusions.
Machine learning- to adapt to new circumstances and to
detect and extrapolate patterns.
5 What is meant by Total Turing Test ? K1

The test which includes a video signals so that the

interrogator can test the perceptual abilities of the machine
is termed Total turing test.

6 What are the capabilities computers needs to pass total K1,K2

Turing test?

Computer vision - to perceive objects.

Robotics - to manipulate objects and move about.
7 What are software agents? K1
An agent is anything that can be viewed as perceiving its
environment through sensors and acting upon that
environment through actuators. A robotic may have cameras
and infrared range finders for sensors and various motors
for actuators. A software agent receives keystrokes, file
contents and network packets as sensory inputs and acts
upon the environment by displaying on the screen, writing
files, and sending network packets.
8 Why are condition-action rules important in the design K1, K2
of an agent?

Rules are used to represent relationships. Rule-based

knowledge representation employs.
IF condition (premise antecedent) THEN action statements.
(goal consequent).
For example: IF the heating element glows AND the bread
is always dark.
THEN the toaster thermostat is broken.
When the problem situation matches the IF part of a rule,
 the action specified by the THEN part of the rule is
performed.
9 Give the structure of an agent in an environment. K1
Structure of an agent is as follows

10 What is a rational agent? K1, K2

An agent which acts in a way that is expected to maximize

to its performance measure, given the evidence provided by
what it perceived and whatever built-in knowledge it has.
Such intelligent agents are also known as Rational Agents.

11 State the concept of rationality (or) List down the K1, K2

characteristics of rational agents?

An artificial intelligence system is rational if it is able to do the

right thing based on what it knows or has learned.
What is rational at any given time depends on four things:
 The performance measure that defines the criterion of
success.
 The agent's prior knowledge of the environment.
 The actions that the agent can perform.
 The agent's percept sequence to date.
12 How to measure the performance of an agent? K2, K3

Performance measure of an agent is got by analysing two

tasks. They are How and When actions.

13 Define Omniscience and information Gathering. K1, K2

An Omniscience agent knows the actual outcome of its actions
and can act accordingly. Doing actions in order to modify future
 precepts sometimes called information gathering.

14 What is important for task environment? K1

Performance measure – evaluates the behavior of the agent in
an environment.
Environment - Set of students testing Agency
Actuators - Display exercises suggestions, corrections.
Sensors - Keyboard entry.
15 List the properties of environments. K1

 Fully Observable Vs Partially Observable.

 Deterministic Vs Stochastic.
 Episodic Vs Sequential.
 Static Vs Dynamic.
 Discrete Vs Continuous.
 Single Agent Vs Multi agent.
 Competitive Multi agent.
 Co – operative Multi agent.
16 Write the ways to formulate a problem? K2, K3
To solve a particular problem, the following steps are taken into
account,
 Define the problem precisely.
 Analyze the problem.
 Isolate and represent the task knowledge that is necessary to
solve a problem.
Choose the best problem-solving techniques and apply it to a
particular problem
17 List the different type of agents. K2
Agents can be grouped into four classes based on their degree of
perceived intelligence and capability
 Simple Reflex Agents
 Model-Based Reflex Agents
 Goal-Based Agents
 Utility-Based Agents
 Learning Agent
18 Give Structure of Simple Relex Agent K1
 19 How can the performance of an agent are improved. K2
Performance of any agent can be improved by learning.
Learning is a process that improves the knowledge of an
Artificial intelligent program by making observations about its
environment.
20 What are the three classes of problem? K1, K2

 Ignorable, in which solution steps can be ignored.

 Recoverable, in which solution steps can be undone.
 Irrecoverable, in which solution steps cannot be undone.

PART B
Q.No Question Year Bloom’s
Taxanomy
Level
1 Compare and contrast human intelligence to artificial K2
intelligence with numerous examples and applications.
2 Explain the role of Artificial intelligence in the future. K1
3 Explain in detail about agents and Environments. K1
4 Explain the Characteristic of intelligent Agents K1, K2
5 Explain in detail about properties of task environment. K1
6 Explain in detail about intelligent agents. K1, K2
7 Explain the PEAS specification of the task environment K1,K2
of an agent.
8 Explain in details about structure of an agent and types K1
of agent with suitable example
9 What are typical AI problems? Formulate problem for
Vacuum world with state space diagram.
10 Explain multi – Agent Systems with the help of an K1, K2
illustration.
11 What is the role of communication for intelligent agents? K2
12 How are problem solving agents solving contingency K2, K3
problems different from the one solving exploratory
problems?