Luz verde.

1. 100 líneas
m d(m) 𝑦𝑚 (𝑚) λ (m)
1 1,0 × 10−5 0,115 5,58 × 10−7
2 1,0 × 10−5 0,225 5,46 × 10−7
3 1,0 × 10−5 0,338 5,469 × 10−7
4 1,0 × 10−5 0,455 5,521 × 10−7
5 1,0 × 10−5 0,575 5,58 × 10−7
6 1,0 × 10−5 0,70 5,66 × 10−7

Promedio:
5,58 × 10−7 + 5,46 × 10−7 + 5,469 × 10−7 + 5,521 × 10−7 + 5,58 × 10−7 + 5,66 × 10−7
𝒳=
6

𝒳 = 5,545 × 10−7 𝑒𝑠 554,5 𝑛𝑚

Valor teórico: 532 nm
(532) − (554,5)
%𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = × 100
(532)
%𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = 4,22%
𝐷 = 2,06 𝑚
𝑦𝑑
λ=
𝑚𝐷
(0,115)(1,0 × 10−5 )
λ= = 5,58 × 10−7
(1)(2,06)
(0,225)(1,0 × 10−5 )
λ= = 5,46 × 10−7
(2)(2,06)
(0,338)(1,0 × 10−5 )
λ= = 5,469 × 10−7
(3)(2,06)
(0,455)(1,0 × 10−5 )
λ= = 5,521 × 10−7
(4)(2,06)
(0,575)(1,0 × 10−5 )
λ= = 5,58 × 10−7
(5)(2,06)
(0,70)(1,0 × 10−5 )
λ= = 5,66 × 10−7
(6)(2,06)
 1
𝑑1 = × 10−3 = 1,0 × 10−5 𝑚
100
2. 300 líneas
m d(m) 𝑦𝑚 (𝑚) λ (m)
1 3,3 × 10−6 0,345 5,03 × 10−7
2 3,3 × 10−6 0,733 5,35 × 10−7
3 3,3 × 10−6 1,192 5,80 × 10−7
4 3,3 × 10−6 1,86 6,789 × 10−7
Promedio:
5,03 × 10−7 + 5,35 × 10−7 + 5,80 × 10−7 + 6,789 × 10−7
𝒳=
4

𝒳 = 5,74 × 10−7 𝑒𝑠 574,225 𝑛𝑚

Valor teórico: 532 nm
(532) − (574,225)
%𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = × 100
(532)
%𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = 7,93%%
𝐷 = 2,26 𝑚
𝑦𝑑
λ=
𝑚𝐷
(0,345)(3,3 × 10−6 )
λ= = 5,03 × 10−7
(1)(2,26)
(0,733)(3,3 × 10−6 )
λ= = 5,35 × 10−7
(2)(2,26)
(1,192)(3,3 × 10−6 )
λ= = 5,80 × 10−7
(3)(2,26)
(1,86)(3,3 × 10−6 )
λ= = 6,789 × 10−7
(4)(2,26)
1
𝑑2 = × 10−3 = 3,3 × 10−6 𝑚
300

3. 600 líneas
m d(m) 𝑦𝑚 (𝑚) λ (m)
1 1,6 × 10−6 0,61 5,08 × 10−7
2 1,6 × 10−6 1,39 5,35 × 10−7
 Promedio:
5,08 × 10−7 + 5,79 × 10−7
𝒳=
2

𝒳 = 5,435 × 10−7 𝑒𝑠 543,5 𝑛𝑚

Valor teórico: 532 nm
(532) − (543,5)
%𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = × 100
(532)
%𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = 2,16%
𝐷 = 1,92 𝑚
𝑦𝑑
λ=
𝑚𝐷
(0,61)(1,6 × 10−6 )
λ= = 5,08 × 10−7
(1)(1,92)
(1,39)(1,6 × 10−6 )
λ= = 5,79 × 10−7
(2)(1,92)
1
𝑑3 = × 10−3 = 1,6 × 10−6 𝑚
600
Luz roja.
1. 100 líneas.
m d(m) 𝑦𝑚 (𝑚) λ (m)
1 1,0 × 10−5 0,105 4,92 × 10−7
2 1,0 × 10−5 0,137 3,21 × 10−7
3 1,0 × 10−5 0,269 4,20 × 10−7
4 1,0 × 10−5 0,405 4,75 × 10−7
5 1,0 × 10−5 0,54 5,07 × 10−7
6 1,0 × 10−5 0,687 5,37 × 10−7

Promedio:
4,92 × 10−7 + 3,21 × 10−7 + 4,20 × 10−7 + 4,75 × 10−7 + 5,07 × 10−7 + 5,37 × 10−7
𝒳=
6

𝒳 = 4,586 × 10−7 𝑒𝑠 458,66 𝑛𝑚

Valor teórico: 652,5 nm
(652,5) − (458,66)
%𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = × 100
(652,5)
 %𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = 29,707%
𝐷 = 2,13 𝑚
𝑦𝑑
λ=
𝑚𝐷
(0,105)(1,0 × 10−5 )
λ= = 4,92 × 10−7
(1)(2,13)
(0,137)(1,0 × 10−5 )
λ= = 3,21 × 10−7
(2)(2,13)
(0,269)(1,0 × 10−5 )
λ= = 4,20 × 10−7
(3)(2,13)
(0,405)(1,0 × 10−5 )
λ= = 4,75 × 10−7
(4)(2,13)
(0,54)(1,0 × 10−5 )
λ= = 5,07 × 10−7
(5)(2,13)
(0,687)(1,0 × 10−5 )
λ= = 5,37 × 10−7
(6)(2,13)
1
𝑑1 = × 10−3 = 1,0 × 10−5 𝑚
100

2. 300 líneas.
m d(m) 𝑦𝑚 (𝑚) λ (m)
1 3,3 × 10−6 0,40 4,92 × 10−7
2 3,3 × 10−6 0,84 3,21 × 10−7

Promedio:
6,616 × 10−7 + 6,947 × 10−7
𝒳=
2

𝒳 = 6,78 × 10−7 𝑒𝑠 678 𝑛𝑚

Valor teórico: 652,5 nm
(652,5) − (678)
%𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = × 100
(652,5)
%𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = 3,9%
 𝐷 = 1,995 𝑚
𝑦𝑑
λ=
𝑚𝐷
(0,40)(3,3 × 10−6 )
λ= = 6,616 × 10−7
(1)(1,995)
(0,84)(3,3 × 10−6 )
λ= = 6,947 × 10−7
(2)(1,995)
1
𝑑2 = × 10−3 = 3,3 × 10−6 𝑚
300
3. 600 líneas
m d(m) 𝑦𝑚 (𝑚) λ (m)
1 1,6 × 10−6 0,81 4,92 × 10−7
Valor teórico: 652,5 nm
(652,5) − (492)
%𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = × 100
(652,5)
%𝐸𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = 24,59%
𝐷 = 1,953 𝑚
𝑦𝑑
λ=
𝑚𝐷
(0,81)(1,6 × 10−6 )
λ= = 6,63 × 10−7
(1)(1,953)
1
𝑑3 = × 10−3 = 1,6 × 10−6 𝑚
600
- Cabello.

(1)(2,4)(670 × 10−9 )
𝑑=
0,014
𝑑 = 1,148 × 10−4 𝑚
CONCLUSIONES:
1. Se determinaron las longitudes de onda de los rayos láser rojo y verde, en principio
de la difracción.
2. Existen diferentes tipos de ondas, como las ondas transversales y las ondas
longitudinales.
3. Hubo márgenes de error, debido la falta de precisión en la medición de las
distancias.
4. Se compararon los datos obtenidos con los valores teóricos.