La petroquímica es una de las opciones mas adecuadas para la industrialización del petróleo y

el gas gas puesto que esta le confiere un mayor valor agregado.

La demanda de productos petroquímicos hoy en dia en el mundo es cada vez mas grande y es
por ello que el tema de la industria petroquímica surgio de interés personal para dar a conocer
un poco de los procesos de la industria petroquímica que nos permite obtener diversos
productos que son ampliamente usados en nuestra vida cotidiana.

The petrochemical industry

GENERAL OBJECTIVE

Identify petrochemical processes from oil and natural gas.

Specific goal

Define the characteristics of the raw material.

Describe the stages of the petrochemical industry

Describe the uses and benefits of the products.

JUSTIFICATION

The petrochemical is one of the most appropriate options for the industrialization of oil and
natural gas,since it give it greater added value.

The demand for petrochemical products in the world today is growing and that is why the
subject of the petrochemical industry arose from personal interest to raise awareness of the
processes of the petrochemical industry which allows us to obtain various products which are
widely used in our daily lives.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
Large petrochemical plants are typically integrated to petroleum industry since essential feedstocks in
petrochemical industry are derived from petroleum. Meanwhile, petrochemical products are used as
primary raw materials in other industries. Production in this sector can however be divided into four
main stages.
I.Feedstock preparation: This involves manufacturing feedstocks, which largely come from petroleum
industry. These include natural gas, condensates (from gas separation plant), naphtha (from refinery)
and more recently biological products, for example, sugar cane, cassava and palm, which are used as
inputs to bio-plastics.
II.Upstream petrochemical industry: The upstream petrochemical producers take feedstocks and uses
them to produce upstream petrochemical products. These can be divided into two groups, according to
their molecular structure: the Olefins, which include methane, ethylene, propylene and other chemicals
formed from 4 carbon atoms (‘mixed C4’); and the Aromatics, which include benzene, toluene and
xylene, which are used for further processing.
III.Intermediate petrochemical industry: The intermediate petrochemical industry takes upstream
products from the upstream sector, including both Olefins and Aromatics, which may be combined to
produce intermediary products to be used in the downstream sector. Some important examples of
which include vinyl chloride and styrene.
IV.Downstream petrochemical industry: The downstream petrochemical industry takes upstream and
intermediate products and uses them to make finished products for use in other industries.

La industria petroquímica

THE PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY

It is a branch of chemistry that studies the transformation of oil and natural gas into products
and raw materials with greater added value which represent the basis of various production
chains.