9 Things Educators Need to Know About Coronavirus

By Mark Lieberman
February 28, 2020 | Updated: February 29, 2020

Coronavirus cases have now directly hit U.S. schools

In Oregon, state health officials on Friday said a person who has “presumptively” tested
positive for the virus had spent time in an elementary school outside Portland, possibly
exposing students and staff there.

In Washington state, state health officials said a high school student in the Seattle area
had gotten a “presumptive” positive test and had spent a brief amount of time on his
campus this week. In a letter to families, the Everett Public Schools said that the few
students who said they had contact with him were notified and will remain home for 14
days while being monitored for symptoms by county health authorities. The letter also
said the student has a younger sibling who attends a middle school in the district. That
child, who is not symptomatic, will be tested and remain out of school until the results
come back “out of an abundance of caution.” District officials said that Jackson High
School would be closed for three days for “deep disinfecting.”
In both cases, confirmation of the virus is pending by the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention.

The virus that was first detected in China’s Wuhan province has generated a crush
of news coverage as it spreads across the world.

Nancy Messonnier, a top Centers for Disease Control and Prevention official, told
reporters Friday: “There certainly is the possibility of additional cases, and we will
continue to work aggressively to keep that number low. We hope that, if there is spread,
it will be limited and any disease in the U.S. will be mild.”
Mick Mulvaney, the acting White House Chief of Staff, predicted today during the
Conservative Political Action Conference that “some schools” will “probably” close, though
he cited no evidence and also criticized the news media for overhyping the outbreak.
It’s a big challenge to sort through all the information and what is most urgent for school
officials.

Here’s a guide to things educators need to know right now.

1. Children, for the most part, aren’t showing symptoms.

Most confirmed cases of the disease have occurred in adults, according to the CDC. The
agency has collected “limited reports” of children coming down with cold-like symptoms:
“fever, runny nose, and cough,” but cases of more severe symptoms “appear to be
uncommon.”

2. Medical practitioners (school nurses included) and the

elderly could be particularly vulnerable.
A study of 44,000 people in China who have contracted the illness found that the
largest number of patients are between 50 and 59 years old. The group with the highest
risk of dying from coronavirus is senior citizens, with an increased risk corresponding to
age and prior history of respiratory infections. Doctors and other medical workers also
have a higher risk of exposure than the average American.
3. Superintendents are beginning to put emergency
response plans and procedures in place. (At least one U.S.
school pre-emptively closed Thursday.)
President Trump and the CDC this week encouraged schools to start thinking about how
they would react in the event of a coronavirus surge.
Some districts have already begun taking action: canceling field trips and study abroad
programs; developing resources and talking points to educate students and staff about
the virus and how to help prevent its spread; dispersing hand sanitizer throughout
campuses and school buses.
One school—Bothell High outside Seattle—closed Thursday and Friday after a staff
member who recently returned from an international trip reported that a family member
is ill. “At this time, there is no confirmation that the family member’s illness is connected
to the coronavirus outbreak, but out of an abundance of caution, the family member is
being tested,” according to the letter sent to families.
Other U.S. school systems are warning parents of the possibility of a closure and urging
them to get child-care options in place. Prince William County Public Schools in Virginia
told parents this week, “This preparation is recommended to be similar to a ‘Code Red’
weather event that may emerge without the ability for much prior notification, and
without knowing the timing or duration in advance.” These warnings follow the indefinite
closure of schools in China and the shutdown of schools in Japan until March, requested
this week by the nation’s prime minister.

4. The number of novel coronavirus cases in the United

States so far is extremely low.
The CDC reported earlier this week that one person in California appears to have
contracted the disease despite not having traveled internationally or come into contact
with someone who has. The discovery prompted the agency to begin sending out new
testing guidance to medical facilities, in an effort to overcome what has been a shortage
of available testing kits in the United States thus far.
It’s also worth noting, for the sake of mitigating panic, that of the 84,000 people
worldwide who have contracted the virus, roughly 3 percent (about 2,900) have died.

5. Hand-washing is more important than ever—as is having

the flu vaccine.
The number-one refrain from health officials at all levels has been consistent: Wash your
hands, often and “with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially after going to
the bathroom; before eating; and after blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing,” the
CDC says. It might seem basic but it’s the easiest action any person can take to minimize
the threat, and it’s good manners to boot.

The CDC also recommends making sure you’ve received this season’s flu vaccine; it won’t
prevent coronavirus, but it will reduce the risk of contracting regular influenza, which
means fewer people will need medical care at the same time as any coronavirus patients.
Other steps include avoiding touching the eyes, nose, and mouth; staying home from
work and school when you’re sick; covering coughs and sneezes with a tissue and then
throwing that tissue in a trash bin; cleaning and disinfecting frequently touched
household objects. The CDC does not recommend that people who are not sick wear a
protective mask.

6. The government’s messaging has been convoluted, but

health officials have been clear: People should prepare for
the situation to worsen.
Messonnier, the CDC official, said earlier this week that an outbreak is “inevitable” and
severe disruption is likely. President Trump took a softer tone during an address to the
nation on Wednesday night, and CDC director Robert Redfield told Congress on Thursday
that the risk to the American public remains low, thanks to the agency’s “aggressive
mitigation strategy.”

Given the rapid pace of global updates on the virus and its impacts, a uniform consensus
may take a while to emerge. But there’s no harm in taking steps to prepare for an
outbreak, if only to have procedures in place in the event they’re necessary.

7. E-learning could prove useful should the outbreak require

prolonged closures.
Even if schools do close en masse for an extended period of time, instruction might not
necessarily be interrupted for everyone. Schools that already have plans to put students
online in the event of inclement weather may be able to take the same approach in the
event of a coronavirus shutdown. Technology companies from around the world have
already been helping schools in China maintain continuity for students, and Messonnier
from the CDC recommended U.S. schools get “teleschool” options in place. Many
American universities with outposts in China have also shifted to online education.
Virtual learning doesn’t solve the problem for everyone in K-12, though. Students in rural
areas without internet access, and students who don’t have digital devices provided by
the school, could be left behind during such a transition. And the level of anxiety among
students and families in the event of a more serious outbreak could be heightened given
the serious nature of the disease.

8. Decisions to close schools will be made by state and local

officials.
Authority to close schools for circumstances such as a pandemic rests with state and local
education and public health authorities. State laws vary, though, on who exactly could
make the call, and whether there is a declared state of emergency can be a factor. Even
the CDC, which has the authority to impose quarantines, urges school officials to consult
with local and state health authorities.

9. Educators and administrators may need to confront racist

comments or bullying toward Asian and Asian American
students and staff.
The coronavirus outbreak’s origin in China has prompted a wave of unfounded fears of
Asian and Asian-American people, including reluctance to eat at Chinese
restaurants despite no evidence that they’re contaminated. In a Los Angeles County
high school earlier this month, an Asian American student was physically attacked by
fellow students who accused him of having coronavirus. Other students have reported
being teased about having coronavirus after they cough or sneeze in school.
Some school districts with a large Asian and Asian-American population, such as Seattle
Public Schools, have directly addressed this in communications with their students, staff,
and families. In an update on its website, the district wrote: “We also ask everyone to
be mindful that although novel coronavirus started in China, having Chinese ancestry—or
any other Asian ancestry—does not place a person at higher risk for this illness. You can
help keep our schools safe for everyone by sharing accurate information with your
children and fellow community members.”

Contributing Writer Mark Walsh contributed to this report.

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