Unit grre “TrbrodectPon te RF Aystewh at Ra ee ceaiyey \ Mrxen Orr | hoe [osp}— ie [PA | (| Bpr Dac Dsp [— LNA = Loco Noise Patten iol Transritten PA => Pocsen Nghe. psc Cirequency Syplhestsen. pie) d Sn the Some Artema Anchitezbne . Q Jo CG > Both Bensritten 2 even one Use Ao the Artenna SA koe. as “Taanseven- a Duplexer acts eke a ssteh. ahs Sot pansntt path the Reccive path. sk could be atten, “in eakich Mt haste have on Extremely good asoloton. xt transmttten is tonk?ng & teh Seponates the Could be a Sustch cahen the the Qa Ss nat cooking Tn thet Case st has to have Veny loes attenuatfon. e a Hecetved Seqral oe ctmosphene Ys ating S¥gral & thes 45.44 Seqnal has fy anpltfed. Aine Ahould belows rice ST Low netse reans tat % does all to much nese on ts an oP thene 9s nse in the System, St Comet be aefected. Rercbone, alors netie Anptlten Crnet tines ott the netse 2 Keep the Stgral as it #s > Redved Sqrals ove hgh Frequency Signals. Its hand to wonk atth the Hyp Prequendes. 50 the frat Hing thet we need todo t4 to bring %t doun to a lowe Frequensy Fon thes oe Use a derce Called Mixer A H%em 9s Sorting like a Hulten & tt cloon Converts the hegh Prequerey thet po gecetyed Yo Somettiag Ye, Hone Honagable. -5 he Local osstcon Pon the Fansestlen 2 the Reesiven *s net same. Recavse hene, we ane nat wwonking Usth the band. At “the Fransrtton stde foe UpGr- Same £ mequency ab the Vest the Segnal Lhe heceiven sede’ own Conve S Dae te the doun Conenston tae. get betten stalekty & beHen Peslonrance, > Rand. Pass Filter Ys used ‘o oller destred bond ofFrequencies & sreject all dhen ee > Ape % used ty Grvexit Analog Signal Suto digital Stgnal at the Recedven Stde. Dic is used ty Convert Digital Stgral sto Analog Stqnal ct the tharsitten Stde. —> Th onden + Taonsrtt the Stqrol te longem cbctances Possen amplften increases ‘the poser ta Stqnal. An amplifier by Takeng Rasen Prore pasien Aupply 2 Coibraltag the oatpal ta ratch the tnpst Signal shape bal ath a langen Arapttode Fa the duty of pouen fphfen. Recetved posen ‘in dBm= fo Ee odam = Imu > The pee powen Shoold not less than thet a -loodam rt the Stqoal 9s Jess then Hits te c8ll loose. Connectfon Lehseen mobile 2 the cel tuser. -lo . P: lo mw =lo IS ote Pe . => Io 5o 2> Impedance tte Actenna.-> A Frequency Syrthestsen ts used fan genenutting ony sania of Prequenctes from a Single fred Oscllton > A phase locked loop 2s. feed back Gatrol Syélem. Tt Compares the phases ot so apa SRqrals 2 pnoduces an Cowon Stgral fe, propstional ts the difference betiseen then phases. Taansntston Hedta 2 wdleckens: ene3| athe transitten ok. @ has Cextaty chonodendte Ympedance. The. necelve"s artenna has Certain : i Chanaclesteltc Impedance. “he osine Connectiog The transett antenna +, the Posen Arphhien has Some chamactezet2c “pedance. te gine. Connecting the stecetve antenna to The lo nice Amphften also has Cerlata chanadlestatic: *mpeda- nce & the Joos reise Avoptileen hos Cextoto Snpat Smpedance, “The power Anplifeen has Ceattn odlpst Frpedonce tohen Q Wove ts launched Oven the ee en ren med? al hi eo. lo 26 Lol.Hecdven when %t hela the seceven a position ot the cave gels absonbed 2 0 portion of tcove % welledled back 2 then the porilion thet % adllecled back Comes all The csay bock othe Sounce. Noss, *t bibs the Seonce Smpedance Zs. when tt Hehe the Sounce ‘impedance o Porilfon dt tea Gave gah absorbed by the Source Tpedance 2.0 positon of St gate ee! Pek eo koe. 5. these sneflecPond, orethed echods there echo keep ging back 2 Lah +]) the Sound produced by le echo Reflection Gala: xb tathe alto of cove flected lack ee D hy clon (?) . Rflecked ove Zu 20 290-200 Cob fecent : Z+Zo 200 +200 Gey Thene i No mak fing “in the Practical Goe. Z.- loon, Zo*Qoor, Z,2loo® Th&dest cove ie Nees slee ‘impedance (20): “apt pedance 4 vctberte hranarietion th 6 the iFon tsineleas Hecta z, ‘|e je Les Heng fen ENG Enc, € > Farad fra Fon odaed Ned?a a L co loo- 200 . oS 100 loo+200 500 3 Time taken by the Signal to travel Poe the Sovsce te load = T-Aec. AM ue Teo the Kgal a Volts 4 applied: es boave. Nb bebe the load & 7 Hh qellected beck xt bebe The ot tome QT 2 ot the Kovnce & post % Going to Kovace Sence & NemairPng post Pa by the Sovunce mest iv Sing 4, be oeflected. back. aes proces Coslinved. whi out the. voltage ot a Given me at a ven locat fon, A ft. Waltons tcoved.Passive Ric Gnevité: Roallel Ric Great: “hee. Crnatt Exttlshs Rsonar bchavioun hes Crest te Ta) also known as “Tank Gress” “The Voltage. hehaeen ‘A's BR’ | A poopy Fore SL VyC%e0) 0 B Roallel Rue Grestt \jGw) = —__—_ 1 (je) + +t 4% R on Vo Cfeo) | ° | i coe IG) R a te Zs oJ : ORL LL 49 es RG ee Ra Foot -weRLe Case) : Suppose Ww=0 then Z-0 =S \yz 0, Inducton 4s Shoxt 71s So at locsen — the Fmpedance 4s because f Srducten, Cases): o=h then Z-0, Vp20 => Capocttor short @nevtted. Se heghen aoe Ape Impedance 4: 1S because of GannettCsels): At oC ee W=BWo then z-R wee Lo S tages Le Ca ines mm * \ ce Re wie Me zZeR At the — o Cane the endoctve iz Capecttive Neadtances gels CGacel- a Cosmnent doe te Thducton ot Peronasit Frequency = oe 7 ok Sia cee te L Ye he Conment oe alc Gapactton ot Resonast frequency To =TRIucc -TRILc 233k Le [Ye At the. Frequency ot Resonance, (x. | e Ire).Isut=(sef= TR SO ia “The Qvalty oa fs propstforel + the otto ol Enenqy stoned to the €nengy lost, pen unt tPme 2 oles dsnenSon les vaath S 4 anther Q- 60, Rok Enenqy stoned Avenage poese n ase pated At the Q sonast Frequency the voltage GCnO SS te nelwonk Sn TeP. Enengy @n Such a neheonk sloshes back & Forth behoeen the Tnducton & Capacitor , wilh a G@alat Sum ot SMesonance -he peak Every stoned in etthen the Gapoeton On Sr leclon ‘s Equal to the Erengy stoned “n the netivonk ot any gen Vme. he. Peak Gpaciton voltage at sesonance oe < & Ee dev Lt < CTomp®) = 1 Tanp pr aS Ovenage powen dissipated Sn the Mesiston at mesonance is, faug= 4 Tap B —the a a nétesonk ot Resonance Vs 4 Tame Re Lee Rk Q = Wo “iz tems [oete Quacltty Ju has the oon f HeSstance 2 es Somet2mes Called the chanoeterrste Impedance d the nahewonk Subskhite @ %n O Ix, l+lTele TA SeRes eo Ceo : ae LC A ae voltage bahiscen A&R is vGe) 369) si) : V Go) R Vp Chu) = B Radars ge Awe Ved RR ) Sake VGe) Ou 1 -wk ie +yaRe Swe ° impedance Ze Ra Seolt | 0c Cose (0! At wo, Ze 1 Vo 20 > Capocthon fa Open f L Grevited So at lesen meqsencien the “imped ance Sa becavse of Capaciten. : Case (2) ‘ At tee, y= 0, Z= A =D Trducton 96 open Cnosited So ot keghen Prequenctes the “mpedonce ary because 6 ClCase(s): df w= a, Vy=¥, ZR s Rail Tlie = R “The GQuoltty Q ctom fs propottonal to the ratio ¢ ° ab tsa Enengy Stoned to the @nengy lost, pen unit Brae z Cbnengonless quot ty. ly Peake Energy stoned Q= Wo ——————— Gvenage powe” Otssipated = Vaep Pook Enengy eloned E ee Ovenage power d?ecipaled Bae ZR : Maen ER and| act ice. Because tnductons tend to be sty cool fe en eo | Ponalle! Gonveason Ponely Panalte| on Senies Rie heck ranely &x gt ") Mone areal Cones So ta v8 necessany to lel Rie nchsonk. by epl to a purely Parra! LR section with a Parallel one Conedt Hiotx the Sere’ Doel le] Resonance Gnrest ot the Heer a ee Ly Wer de => Ae | Lo “por We knows ‘ we = ae yh => 4.9 | “T Q: & => Q-= Re : fee \%, ep Re, - Rp cole SP. Cp \oP Cp Lp han Capcthns, So He Serfen Aesonadt Cinait % offen a se approxteration To Typical: Parallel! Rie Convert the Serine’ Cineutt lacing the Seves P renance 4 fr Yep a Re [eee fp "| foot loo Lp Lpcp 3 ° e oe, ; abighpRp Re aap Impedance. Zp = ———-_ ? a a 2 a Rpriwolp Rp-aeole Ro arp at dso Lp Re CRp - + ne 1aQh Ronde Rend 2 oe 22. loortp 5 WoLp Rp + to Lp Rp Socute | © hg Reus | Ret & 4 p 7 oe | Q [ Rp : wre eER co ee re? Re a2) = PAP + 1+Q pt lane | Oe oe oo Birr oo ie Rot Ho Lp 2 Rp 4+ Ju @Lp [492 14Q® Server, impedance Ze R pots] > ©By Comparing HO2@ og f Q>d then Ry Re Le LoaQr leg? 4Qh Ly- lp 2 Rp-R, Cleat) , Lp- ae Os gs Beg, Retest) eo Wo 14Q acton Lp Do Ce) v = RQe . at a ar Suppose 1 tte Trdaclon ts ab lett hord Atle * Be Qncor then. Gres Rs i. T : od bse oes Heat Wes Tee q-R fe Ge Mokp| impedance 2p oo ep +A CP Veliko 7 I= 29 CpR 14 SuoRpCp — {- jesepRp ee tag Recp | + 1W0RpCp OCP ° 2 1+Q® | hp =o Cp Rp 2 | 4CadRycp™ [4 19g" Cp™ p> . ae . 8 = Bo RETR | : Rp 7 do CpRp 2 - ee — I+Q l4adpsep™ | lease Ry leaker ee oe 2 - Q otis re Jaq? S@cp 14Q? tae krens thet Zo Rev de) +0 Conporing © 2 Hen eeNote: f ep GA Ge iled Pom Seren te Panale| then, Rp = Ry C1407) ae Lp ts (He) ¢f CR Converted trom Sener 1, pawalle| then, Rp= ReCira®) 2 a Cp-¢.f{— p -(Vae) Genenal fool: R.cl+@*) 2 8 Keone (Ge ) Hokey Posen Tr TFendlen Treoner: xt chats ka, fo oblige he Hamum ostpdt pees. Pom a Source Uwth a Pat 2tennal nefatonce te neSistance f tke lood mwet be Equal the sesistence ofthe Some ne. ewed from the oatjat Tears. senhet tte power delivered + the load Wy a Tnpedance Y Criffrely due te Ri: Sree =Ryite React Ve Elemenl As de rot ok ssi spate power,Hence the Possen deltyencd ws Seoply lel _ te (here Vyp2 Vs Ore te Rus voltages Cn ss the lead & Sovnce tesstances. a Hostotite the powen deltvened to R., Hs cleon that x. oxy shoold he Trvensee oo that they Son lo Ser0. f Ree R. 4 en Mosman Power ss andtens HOM coe Load. “Thpedance Hate bing | tonslomao : BP Rp +. Rs Ter thene il be Reflectona R the Naleling nétaonk Coit ob tranklonmen, Inducton , = Capacitor Be Tt 8s Veny Greet Bo ae doesn't vse t “he Heleking nelson shoole nat degrade the Sigal her 2 t shoold nat Cause ony deaoahonces Jottenvalion. Se we Hlecait occoridte Frandonnen in TrtOne OSing oc. Reamer : Q 7° Rp “Tren L Sree paver ek pa Te. choonk ushen fon ab 1A d load Re ion Pn the 1 o| Oc» L-Me ctch: wh Sinpedance = he Dporo Hene P, 2s 0 ste, Qu gslance Vs Viewed oCross fhe @ bandonmed 10 09 Equvalest sesistance RRS cll obays langen ‘then Ry. tse the nitsork Ahn Io above gure sbandtons Du sehonces Upacrd. Te get a Clown com d Cimpathance Conversion pe intencharge The: Ports “he Coach Ya Kroun os L-match because of Ws d P edom (one Gan the er breeslorme Shope Hene only iso degnees Cheoge oly L 2c). Hence once ton seo 2 dresonant Frequency have. ve Speci ted, Qid rithm? calla cltensined .Rp ReCise”) eR, Q’. e -1>Q- ea > @ at 2 ee ° ee we Lp Ak Q>>4 then ‘s e Dotan wand amped he trarbrme : Ko > Rg C4q?z) Ri ba Ri C+?) - Re bat: Pe sq. [Boa . . : R - Bu - Rs : Me 1+Q* j+Qr. fe =>Q: RL 4i Li | Ly KT TN ON a |e \ CQ Cy Rp ° =o, \ > To. Re ) 1 ae ae Hach oo i Liteitches ste Lewttatton & the L-talch te dhat one Can Spectty only oo & Ceden frequarcy , Smpadance”trendonnation satfo and @ he TMelch oven Come This letetion, by aquring the aac Hene Wwe have + nee degnces a Cthe tso Copacttances 2 the Som g the too enductances). “he Gnev?t?s Kroon as Wrestch because d Hs shope xt Consicta of Two L-Metches Connec! ed % Cascade & One ht aaa OrIMS aa 2 one shel Oates uP. Hene’ the Jood Pacdlance Py ts trendanmed fe a rtenmedtate Retctance dlencled ox R at He preton a tao Srdulances. Ths De. Gs oe up fo a Valve Re, by a Second L-Meleh Seaton. By véing Hatch we Con ache ve Hrgh Values of @ Componed 4a L-natch.Q, . Mole Rea Ry Re Q, = WoL Ra 4 = 1c ke ovenal| ne cok Gis Q: aires tthe (Bs + [Rena 7 Q>i then, Qe Wp +{Rn TR: *, UR AR, me) s Ry = (RY o. aq Pais eke a ie oe dso Wo Re, Wo Rp Freblen: cE 2 > Bost, R. Br, Te- LGhz, whe QonH2 : ie f, , betel looo -40-=Q Re 7 p Q oe) “as Ded Qveltly Paton i& Q@=40By ostag L. Hatch : ey . if a is be then + FFs Mecessany to peitonn Cock-tetl Napkin Gl Calevlattona (channel one ovenlapped J. eo watch ° ts not Used Poackcally ee 2Sing ” Te Mach: R. TRS, Were +) [es Ee Ry 0.054. - \R oe so So Tach gives hetten nesulls 20.05] eG. Qa : 4.57 ———— - 25 pF le Rin — Qxsduxdxio%ysCg 2 Qe is Ll = 9608 PF. BoRp Qx3.tux 107% 50 5 1054 — a = Gees 2 344 PF. ou Qxsdux tot T Hatch: E | lo ot ae iy Rs Ly le Re aap Cx FV poh TE rateh Re, == Deol 4 he T- Hatch Qalts 0 oe Gscoding One Posstrcolern dsay. Connecting the : Seation& “in anathen may leads to the Doal 4 ar-match. Hene Sinde Cope’ on has c. deComposed Sto “kao Sependle One's ae Getenmedt- Vv QR. enlch “hoo [-secltors wn ole Qeaatance (Rs Ga Seen ACnoss These Capaéitons, Cithen oktag Th the Per on Hooking to the left Q,- \R 7Q. Q,+Q, = |e + a a (4 ree) R.