- French
- Adam de la Halle/ le Bossu (1237-1288)
MAPEH REVIEWER
“okay srsly though, grant perez, mine, dibs”
“cus this was cute lol”
LESSON 1: WHERE CAN WE FIND MUSIC?
 random noise from everyday objects
 animal sounds
 church-mass
 tribals-chants and instruments
 Egypt/Greece -sing and play for royalty
 work songs
 gifts from the gods in myths
FUN FACT: A or La is the note of a tuning fork
LESSON 2: HISTORY OF WESTERN MUSIC
MEDIEVAL PERIOD (700-1400)
 Middle or Dark Ages
 monophonic plainchant/Gregorian chants
 Christian church influenced Europe A LOT
Gregorian Chants – named after Pope Gregory I
who heard doves in 8th century
-monophonic, free meter, modal
-set of 8 scales called CHURCH MADES
-stepwise motion and no high notes
-uses nueme notation (4 lined staff + circles)
-Latin Liturgy; performed by monks a capella
-slow tempo to be heard by God in echoes
-no meter or rhythm
Troubadour Music - across Europe by
travelers/pied pipers (troubadours)
- monophonic, improvised
accompaniment, chivalry and love
– son of Henri de la Halle of Arras, oldest
secular composers
- Le Jeu de Robin et de Marion and Le
Chanson du roi de Sicile by Adam dlH
RENAISSANCE PERIOD (1400 – 1600)
 renaitre – rebirth
 looking back at Greece and Rome’s
Golden Age
 printing helped distribution of works
 lute (stringed) was most prominent
 mostly polyphonic
 voice imitations are common
 word painting (putting melody to words)
 move in a flowing manner, easy to perform
 CANON IN D MAJOR – Johann Pachelbel
Vocal music
- Mass
-sacred musical composition for
Eucharists that is polyphonic
-a capella or with accompaniment
-syllabic, neumatic or melismatic
-Giovanni Palestrina-greatest master of
Roman Catholic Church music (kyrie
writer)
- Madrigal
-secular music
-polyphonic, through composed, a
capella, 3-6 voices
-Thomas Morley-singer in local cathedral
and later became master (Fire, Fire, My
Heart and Sing, We and Chant It)
Imitation Forms
- Transposition – same melody in diff key
- Canon – starts at diff time
- Augmentation – slow down note value
- Diminution – quicken notes and melody
- Retrograde – backwards melody
- Inversion – melody upside down
- Retrograde Inversion
BAROQUE PERIOD (1600-1750)
 Portugese-Barocco-pearl of irregular shape
 grandiose elements
 birth of opera and orchestra
 it died when J.S. Bach died; start of classical
period
 mostly made for kings
 composers paid every week by the king
 for upper class

Forms of Music
- Fugue – Bach is the master; has theme
- Castrati – man with soprano voice;
castrate the private parts (Farinelli-opera
with castrati)

Genres of Music
- Concerto
SOLMIZATION-beginning of solmage

Famous composers
Johann Sebastian Bach – Bradenburg Concerto
(taught violin by his father)
Claudio Monteverdi - opera; created ORFEO
Antonio Vivaldi (1678-1741) – violinist; 4 Seasons
George Frederic Handel (1685-1759) – The
Messiah

LESSON 3: A CAPELLA

 music without accompaniment

 Italian for in the manner of the
church
 all purely vocal music
 NEVER SPELL ACAPELLA

LESSON 4: WORD PAINTING \

 music portraying text meaning

 e.g: lighthearted lyrics have lighthearted
melodies
 raise has a raise in tone, fall has low tone