Section 3.4 Solving Exponential and Logarithmic Equations. 213 Vocabulary Check the blanks. 1. To ‘an equation in x means to Find all values of x For which the equation is true, 2. To solve exponential snd logarithmic equations, you can use the following one-to-one and inverse properties (©) bo, log, y if and only (8) log, a= solution does not satisfy the original equation, 1-8, determine whether each x-valueis a solution of the equati Laer 2 pet @ x55 @x ()x=2 @x=2 er"? = 75 4 det = 60 @x=-24e88 (@) x= 1+ Ins () x= -2-41n25 () x= 37081 (© x~ 12189 © x=In6 S. log,(3x) = 3 6. logel3x) = 2 (@) x= 213560 (@) x= 20.2882 On x= @x=9 @)x=72 7. Ine = 1) = 38 & ni +a) = 25 @r=tte" @x=e9-2 (0) x= 45.7012 ws @x=14m38 ox In Exercises 9-16, use a graphing utility to graph f and g in the same viewing window. Approximate the point of intersection of the graphs of fand g. Then solve the equation f(x) = g(x) algebraically. 9. fla) = 2° 10. fs) = 27° att) = 8 at) = 9 1. 0) = 9-7 = 15 12, fo) = 2-1-3 8G) = 10 (0) = 13 13. fla) = 4 logs 14, 0) = Hogs. als) = 20 al) = 6 15, fx) = Inet! 16. fla) = Ines? wx) = 245 x) <2 In Exercises 17-36, solve for x. 18, 3° 243 20.7 = 5 22. (3) = 32 m4. (= % 26. € =0 27. Inx-In5=0 28. Inx—In2=0 29. Inx=—7 30. Inx=-1 Nop, 625 = 4 32, lop, 25 = 2 3B. logo = = 1 34 logy x = 4 35. Ine 1) =5 36. In(3x +5) In Exercises 37-42, simplify the expression. 37 Ine® 38 Inox! 39, ett) 40. -1 + Ine a1, one 4 ghee In Exercises 43-60, solve the exponential equation algebraically. Round your result to three decimal places. Use a graphing utility to verify your answer. 1 8 = 360 45, 26 = 18 47, 3006 49.7 — det 50, —14 + 36" S15 = 020 52.4-"=0.10 53,25 = 565 54, 824 = 431 55. e%— de" S=0 56 e*~Se*+6=0 525 st. 8. = 27s214 Chapter 3 Exponential and Logarithmic Funetions + U0) 4 0.878)" _ Ms (16+ 8)" = 26 In Exercises 61-64, complete the table to find an interval containing the solution of the equation. ‘Then use a graphing utility to graph both sides of the ‘equation fo estimate the solution, Round your result ‘to three decimal places. oe = 12 x [06/07] 08 | 09| 10 2 = 50 x [16] 17] 18] 19] 20 63. 20(100 ~ e'/3) = 500 TA. g() = 2% —3 72. h(a) = e812 — 8 In Exercises 73-92, solve the logarithmic equati algebraically. Round the result to three dec places. Verify your answer using a graphing utility. 7A Inx=—3 74, Inx=—2 75, Inx~ 21 76, in2x = 15 Th-24+2n3e= 17 7R3-42INx=10 79. woede~ 3) 80, logos? = 6 81. 7 log,(0.6x) = 12 82, 4 logylx — 6) = 11 83. In Vx 42-1 84 In/x— 8-5 85. Inx + 1P = 2 86. Infx? + 1) = 8 87. log,.x — logyix ~ 1) = 5 BK, logy x + loge 8) = 2 89. In(x + 5) = InGe — 1) ~ Ine + 1) 90. Inge + 1) = In(x = 2) = Inx 91. logis 8 ~ logit + Va) = 2 92. logia 4x — loBia(12 + Vx) = 2 In Exercises 93-96, complete the table to find an = ss 2 interval containing the solution of the equation. Then 20(100 = &) use a grapl ty to graph both sides of the equation to estimate the solution, Round your result to three decimal places. «0 Tre 93, In2x = 24 x of [3/4 x 4|s[o Inde Ite 94, 3inSe= In Exercises 65-68, use the zero or rot feature or the zoom and trace features of graphing utility 10 = (BEDEE approximate the solution of the exponential equation Sinse ‘accurate to three decimal places. a4 ew (2a 9 Suelo) = 40 eee x 12[ 13 [1s [15 | 16 «9, ei 6toe,(058) In Exercises 69-72, use a graphing utility to graph 96, 5 logy ~ 2) the function and approximate its zero accurate to x 150 | 155 | 160 | 165 | 170 Slog — 2)