Republic of the Philippines
PALAWAN STATE UNIVERSITY
ATROPINE SULFATE: slow heart rate and to decrease saliva production .
CLASSIFICATION: anticholinergic, antimuscarinic, parasympatholytic
ADVERSE EFFECT: blurred vision, headache, dizziness, weakness, palpitations, bradycardia,
nausea and vomiting, dysphagia, constipation, heartburn, and urinary retention and hesitancy
NITROGLYCERIN: Ischemic chest pain, Congestive heart failure, Hypertensive emergencies
CLASSIFICATION:
ADVERSE EFFECT: transient headache, Reflex tachycardia, Hypotension, Nausea and vomiting,
Diaphoresis.
MORPHINE SULFATE: Pain, Sedation, Acute carcinogenic pulmonary edema
CLASSIFICATION: Opioid analgesic
ADVERSE EFFECT: Hypotension, Bradycardia, Palpitation, Allergic reaction, Diaphoresis,
Pruritus, Respiratory depression
VERAPAMIL: Used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure), angina (chest pain), and certain
heart rhythm disorders and used to rapidly or temporarily restore normal heartbeats in people with
certain heart rhythm disorders.
CLASSIFICATION: Antidysrhythmics, IV; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channel
Blockers, Non-dihydropyridine
ADVERSE EFFECT: Signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your
face, lips, tongue, or throat;chest pain, fast or slow heart rate;a light-headed feeling, like you might
pass out;shortness of breath (even with mild exertion), swelling, rapid weight gain;fever, upper
stomach pain, not feeling well; or lung problems--anxiety, sweating, pale skin, wheezing, gasping
for breath, cough with foamy mucus.
DILTIAZEM: used to treat HPN, angina, and certain, heart arrhythmias
CLASSIFICATION: Calcium channel blocker
ADVERSE EFFECT: dizziness, lightheadedness, weakness, tired feeling, nausea, upset stomach,
flushing (warm, redness or tingly feeling), sore throat
LIDOCAINE: Used for cardiac arrest and tachycardia
CLASSIFICATION: Amide Local Anesthetic and Antiarrhythmic
ADVERSE EFFECT: drowsiness, mental/mood changes, ringing in the ears, dizziness, vision
changes, tremors, numbness, headache, or backache.
AMIODARONE: treat ventricular arrhythmias and atrial fibrillation
CLASSIFICATION: anti arrhythmic, adrenergic blocker (not used as sympatholytic drug)
ADVERSE EFFECT: dizziness, fatigue, nausea and vomiting, cardiac arrhythmias, hypotension,
cardiac arrest, anorexia and constipation
PROCAINAMIDE:
CLASSIFICATION: Antiarrhythmic Agent/ Cardiac Dysrhythmia medication
ADVERSE EFFECT: Confusion, Seizures,hypotension, bradycardia, reflex tachycardia,
Ventricular dysrhythmias, nausea and vomiting.
Epinephrine(Adrenalin): Cardiac arrest, Severe hypotension secondary to bradycardia and
asthma.
CLASSIFICATION: Sympathomimetic
ADVERSE EFFECT: Nervousness, restlessness, headache, tremor, pulmonary edema,
dysrhythmias, chest pain, hypertension, tachycardia, Nausea,Vomiting
VASOPRESSIN: Used to treat diabetes insipidus ,prevent loss of water from the body
CLASSIFICATION: Anti-diuretic
ADVERSE EFFECT:Chest pain or tight feeling; severe or pounding headache, severe drowsiness,
feeling very weak; slow heart rate, weak pulse, fainting, slow breathing; loss of color in your lips or
around your mouth; numbness or tingling in your hands or feet; or pain or loss of feeling anywhere
in your body,slow heartbeats; pale skin, numbness in your fingers or toes; stomach pain, gas,
nausea, vomiting; dizziness, headache; sweating; rash
MAGNESIUM SULFATE: Seizures of eclampsia (toxemia of pregnancy) ventricular
dysrhythmias, hypomagnesemia
CLASSIFICATION: Electrolyte, anticonvulsant Blocks
ADVERSE EFFECT: Facial flushing, Hypotension, Depressed reflexes, Hypothermia, Reduced
heart rate, Circulatory collapse, Respiratory depression
College Of Nursing and Health Sciences
Puerto Princesa City
SODIUM BICARBONATE: Metabolic acidosis
CLASSIFICATION: Systemic hydrogen ion buffer, alkalizing agent
ADVERSE EFFECT: Hypernatremia, metabolic alkalosis, necrosis at injection site, Seizures, fluid retention,
hypokalemia, electrolyte imbalance, sodium retention, peripheral edema.
ADENOSINE: Acute treatment of supraventricular tachycardia
CLASSIFICATION: Beta blockers
ADVERSE EFFECT: facial flushing, difficulty breathing, chest pain, heart attack, Lightheadedness,
Dizziness,tingling in arms,numbness.
CALCIUM GLUCONATE: Cardia arrest, Hypocalcemia, Beta blocker and Calcium channel overdose
CLASSIFICATION: Electrolyte
ADVERSE EFFECT: Syncope, cardiac arrest, dysrhythmia, bradycardia, asystole , metallic taste, tissue necrosis at
injection site
DIGOXIN: used to treat heart failure.
CLASSIFICATION: antiarrhytmics
ADVERSE EFFECT: Dizziness, depression, Anxiety, Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, Headache, Rash, Weakness
ISOKET: Dinitrate: Treatment and prevention of angina pectoris
CLASSIFICATION: anti- anginal
ADVERSE EFFECT: headache, dizziness, weakness, nausea, flushing, tachycardia, fainting, and allergic reaction
EPINEPHRINE Management of reversible airway disease due to asthma or COPD, severe allergic actions, cardiac
arrest.
CLASS:IFICATION: Therapeutic: Antiasthmatics, bronchodilators, Vasopressors Pharmacologic: Adrenergic
ADVERSE EFFECT: Nervousness, restlessness, tremor, headache, insomnia, paradoxical bronchospasm, angina,
arrythmias, hypertension, tachycardia
CATAPRES: used to treat hypertension
CLASSIFICATION: Antihypertensive
ADVERSE EFFECT: vomiting, loss of appetite, malaise, weight gain, rash, elevated liver enzymes
FUROSEMIDE
CLASSIFICATION: Loop Diuretics
ADVERSE EFFECT: Anemia, Glucose intolerance, Hyperuricemia, Hypocalcemia, Hypokalemia, Hypomagnesemia,
Hypotension, Muscle cramps, Urinary frequency
MANNITOL Promotion of diuresis in the prevention or treatment of the oliguric phase of acute renal failure before
irreversible renal failure becomes established., Reduction of intracranial pressure and brain mass, Reduction of high
intraocular pressure when the pressure cannot be lowered by other means. And Promotion of urinary excretion of toxic
materials.
CLASSIFICATION: osmotic Agent, diuretics
ADVERSE EFFECT: Pulmonary congestion, fluid and electrolyte imbalance, acidosis, electrolyte loss, dryness of
mouth, thirst, marked diuresis, urinary retention, edema, headache, blurred vision, convulsions, nausea, vomiting,
rhinitis, arm pain, skin necrosis, thrombophlebitis, chills, dizziness, urticaria, dehydration, hypotension, tachycardia,
fever and angina-like chest pains.
NALOXONE: Opiate overdose ; complete or partial reversal of central nervous system and respiratory depression
CLASSIFICATION: Opioid antagonist, antidote
ADVERSE EFFECT: Restlessness, seizures, dyspnea, pulmonary edema, tachycardia, hypertension, dysrhythmias,
nausea, vomiting, withdrawal symptoms in opioid-addicted patients, diaphoresis
NICARDEPINE Used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension and prevent chest pain (angina)
CLASSIFICATION: Calcium channel blocker
ADVERSE EFFECT: Dizziness, lightheadedness, headache, flushing, or swelling ankles/feet
NOREPINEPHRINE Used for Acute Hypotension, Cardiac Arrest, Sepsis & Septic Shock,Beta Blocker Toxicity
(Off-label), Calcium Channel Blocker Toxicity (Off-label), Tricyclic Antidepressant, Toxicity (Off-label)
CLASSIFICATION: Alpha/Beta Adrenergic Agonists
ADVERSE EFFECT: Bradycardia, Hypertension, Arrhythmias, Confusion, Anxiety, Dyspnea, with or without
respiratory difficulty, Headache, Nausea and vomiting, Sweating, Tremor, Restlessness, Urinary retention,
Extravasation, Gangrene
KETOROLAC(Toradol) Used to treat Moderately Severe Acute Pain
CLASSIFICATION: NSAIDs
ADVERSE EFFECT: Headache, Somnolence, Dyspepsia, GI pain, Nausea, Diarrhea, Dizziness , Pruritus, Edema,
Increased blood urea nitrogen, Constipation, Purpura, Increased serum creatinine, Drowsiness ,Hypertension, Abnormal
thinking, Anaphylaxis, Blurred vision, Bronchospasm, Cholestatic jaundice,
DOBUTAMINE: used in the treatment of cardiogenic shock and severe heart failure
CLASSIFICATION: Vasopressor
ADVERSE EFFECT: Headache, hypertension, increased heart rate, nausea, vomiting, palpitations
D50-50 DEXTROSE: Hypoglycemia, altered level of consciousness, coma of unknown origin seizure of unknown
CLASSIFICATION: Carbohydrate, antihypoglycemic
ADVERSE EFFECT: Extravasation leads to tissue necrosis pulmonary edema, hyperglycemia
DOPAMINE: Hypotension
CLASSIFICATION: Inotropic Agents
ADVERSE EFFECT: Ventricular arrhythmia, tachycardia, cardiac conduction abnormalities, hypotension,
hypertension, vasoconstriction, Dyspnea, Nausea, vomiting, Headache, anxiety
FENTANYL: used to treat moderate to severe chronic pain
CLASSIFICATION: Opioid pain called Narcotic
ADVERSE EFFECT: Asthenia, confusion, constipation, dry mouth, n/v, somnolence, sweating, abdominal pain,
anorexia, anxiety, dizziness, fatigue, headache,
CETERIZINE: used to relieve allergy symptoms
CLASSIFICATION: antihistamine
ADVERSE EFFECT: drowsiness, excessive tiredness, dry mouth, stomach pain, Diarrhea,vomiting
DIPHENHYDRAMINE
CLASSIFICATION: Antihistamine
ADVERSE EFFECT: Chills, dryness of mouth, nose and throat, hypotension, headache, palpitations, tachycardia
DIAZEPAM: used to treat Anxiety, Skeletal Muscle Relaxation, Seizure and Respiratory depression
CLASSIFICATION: Benzodiazepine
ADVERSE EFFECT: Hypotension, Respiratory depression , Ataxia, Confusion, Dizziness ,Drowsiness, Blurred
vision
LORAZEPAM: Used for Anxiety Disorders, Short-Term Treatment of Insomnia, Preoperative Sedation, Anxiety
Relief, & Anterograde Amnesia, Status Epilepticus
CLASSIFICATION: Antianxiety Agents; Anxiolytics, Benzodiazepines; Anticonvulsants, Benzodiazepine
ADVERSE EFFECT: Sedation, Dizziness, Unsteadiness, Weakness, Fatigue, Drowsiness, Amnesia, Confusion,
Disorientation, Depression, Suicidal ideation/attempt, Vertigo, Ataxia, Sleep apnea, Asthenia, Extrapyramidal
symptoms, Respiratory depression, Tremor, Convulsions/seizures, Hypersensitivity reactions, Nausea, Constipation,
Change in appetite, Paradoxical reactions (anxiety, excitation, agitation, hostility, aggression, rage)
PROPOFOL: Used for Sedation and anesthesia during surgery
CLASSIFICATION: sedative-hypnotic agent
ADVERSE EFFECT: Use for anesthesia or MAC sedation: Bradycardia, arrhythmia, tachycardia, hypotension,
hypertension, movement, burning/stinging, pain at injection site, apnea, rash, pruritus.
Use for critical care setting sedation: Bradycardia, decreased cardiac output, hypotension, hyperlipidemia,
respiratory acidosis (during weaning).
TRAMADOL: Used to treat moderate to severe pain in adults
CLASSIFICATION: narcotic-like pain reliever
ADVERSE EFFECT: pruritus, agitation, anxiety, constipation, diarrhea, hallucination, nausea, tremor, vomiting,
and diaphoresis. Other side effects include: insomnia. See below for a comprehensive list of adverse effects.
TRANEXAMIC ACID: used to treat heavy bleeding during your menstrual period
CLASSIFICATION: antifibrinolytics
ADVERSE EFFECT: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and muscle pain
POTASSIUM CHLORIDE used to prevent or to treat low blood levels of potassium (hypokalemia)
CLASSIFICATION: Pharmacologic classification: potassium supplement
Therapeutic classification: therapeutic drug for electrolyte balance
ADVERSE EFFECT Signs of an allergic reaction, like rash; hives; itching; red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin
with or without fever; wheezing; tightness in the chest or throat; trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking; unusual
hoarseness; or swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat. Signs of a high potassium level like a heartbeat that
does not feel normal; change in thinking clearly and with logic; feeling weak, lightheaded, or dizzy; feel like passing
out; numbness or tingling; or shortness of breath. Slow heartbeat. Chest pain or pressure. Signs of bowel problems
like black, tarry, or bloody stools; fever; mucus in the stools; throwing up blood or throw up that looks like coffee
grounds; or very bad stomach pain, constipation, or diarrhea. Swelling of belly.
KETAMINE a general anesthetic indicated as the sole anesthetic agent for diagnostic and surgical procedures that
do not require skeletal muscle relaxation, best suited for short procedures but it can be used, with additional doses, for
longer procedures. It is indicated for the induction of anesthesia prior to the administration of other general anesthetic
agents. It is also indicated to supplement low-potency agents, such as nitrous oxide
CLASSIFICATION: General Anesthetics, Systemic
ADVERSE EFFECT: Emergence reactions, High blood pressure (hypertension). Increased cardiac output,
Increased intracranial pressure,Fast or slow heart rate,Seizures,Visual hallucinations,Vivid dreams,Double vision,
Low blood pressure (hypotension), Increased intraocular (eye) pressure, Injection site pain, Involuntary eye
movement