Gabrielle Bonheur "Coco" Chanel (19 August 1883[1] – 10 January 1971) was a French

fashion designer and businesswoman. The founder and namesake of the Chanel brand, she was
credited in the post-World War I era with liberating women from the constraints of the
"corseted silhouette" and popularizing a sporty, casual chic as the feminine standard of style. A
prolific fashion creator, Chanel extended her influence beyond couture clothing, realizing her design
aesthetic in jewellery, handbags, and fragrance. Her signature scent, Chanel No. 5, has become an
iconic product. She is the only fashion designer listed on Time magazine's list of the 100 most
influential people of the 20th century.[2] Chanel herself designed her famed interlocked-CC
monogram, which has been in use since the 1920s.[3]:211

Chanel's social connections encouraged a conservative personal outlook. Rumors arose about
Chanel's activities during the German occupation of France during World War II, and she was
criticized for being too close to the German occupiers. This boosted her professional career: One of
Chanel's liaisons was with a German diplomat, Baron (Freiherr) Hans Günther von
Dincklage.[4][5] After the war, Chanel was interrogated about her relationship with von Dincklage, but
she was not charged as a collaborator due to intervention by Churchill. After several post-war years
in Switzerland, she returned to Paris and revived her fashion house. In 2011, Hal Vaughan published
a book about Chanel based on newly declassified documents, revealing that she had collaborated
directly with the Nazi intelligence service, the Sicherheitsdienst. One plan in late-1943 was for her to
carry an SS peace overture to British Prime Minister Winston Churchill to end the war.[6]