PRODUCTION DESIGN AND

DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

Mini Washing Machine

LecturerL Mrs. Andira Taslim

Created by:
Ayu Rizki R. . (004201500002)
Raymond Evan (004201500024)
Rianita Savira (004201500026)
Vivian Tanady (004201500036)
Lyu Guoqiang (004201500041)

President University
Jababeka Education Park, Jl. Ki Hajar Dewantara, Kota Jababeka, Cikarang Baru,
Bekasi 17550 – Indonesia
Phone (021) 8910 9762-6, Fax (021) 8910 976

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Authors would like to say thank you for the God because he gives authors a lot of
mercy and blessing which make authors can complete Production Design and
Development report as well.

Authors realized without the other helped, this report cannot complete decently. In
this opportunity authors would like to say thanks for some people which already
supported authors to do this report.

a. Mrs. Andira Taslim, as a lecturer of Production Design and Development, the

one who already guided authors kindly so authors could to make this report.
b. Authors’ family which already give author support that make authors can
make this report completely.
c. Authors’ friends that cannot authors said the name one by one. The friends
which already support and help authors to do this report.
d. Om Hakim and Yaumil who have supported authors in making the product,
prototype and design of CAD.

Authors recognized that this report is not perfect enough. Therefore, with all
humility, authors would like to say apologizes of the magnitude. Authors hope
that the readers can give a good criticism and suggestion which can make this
report better than before.

Authors hope that this report can help the readers that want to know about the
Production Design and Development. Hopefully this report can give a new
knowledge that can provide a benefit for the readers.

Cikarang, 9th December 2017

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ....................................................................................... i
TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................ ii
CHAPTER ONE ..................................................................................................... 1
INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Problem Background ..................................................................................... 1
1.2 Objectives ...................................................................................................... 2
CHAPTER TWO .................................................................................................... 3
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGY ........................................................... 3
2.1 The Product Development Process ................................................................ 3
2.1.1 Concept Development: The Front End Process ...................................... 6
2.1.2 Specific Product Development ............................................................... 8
2.1.3 Product Development Project ................................................................. 9
2.2 Opportunity Identification ........................................................................... 10
2.2.1 Effective Opportunities Tournaments ................................................... 11
2.2.2 Opportunity Identification Process ....................................................... 12
2.3 Product Planning ......................................................................................... 19
2.3.1 SWOT Analysis .................................................................................... 21
2.4 Identification of Customer Needs ................................................................ 22
2.5 Product Specifications ................................................................................. 27
2.6 Concept Generations ................................................................................... 32
2.7 Concept Selections ...................................................................................... 36
2.7.1 Concept Screening ............................................................................... 37
2.7.2 Concept Scoring ................................................................................... 39
2.7.3 Combination Concept ........................................................................... 41
2.8 Concept Testing ........................................................................................... 43
2.9 Product Architecture .................................................................................... 44
2.10 Industrial Design ....................................................................................... 46
2.10.1 Chunks of Mini Washing Machine .................................................... 47
2.10.2 Assembly Result of Mini Washing Machine .................................... 50

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 2.11 Design for Environment ............................................................................ 51
2.12 Design for Manufacturing ......................................................................... 53
2.13 Company Profile ........................................................................................ 54
2.14 Product Profile ........................................................................................... 55
CHAPTER THREE............................................................................................... 56
PROTOTYPING ................................................................................................... 56
3.1 Protoype ....................................................................................................... 56
3.2 Product Development Economics ............................................................... 61
CHAPTER FOUR ................................................................................................. 64
HOUSE OF QUALITY ........................................................................................ 64
CHAPTER FIVE ................................................................................................... 67
CONCLUSION ..................................................................................................... 68
APPENDIX A ....................................................................................................... 69

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 CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Problem Background

Development of products in Indonesia is not being a thing that stranger in the eyes
of Indonesia people. Besides no stranger anymore, development of products in
Indonesia can also be said to be very rapidly, this is proven by the many emerging
new products produced by companies, both companies engaged in service field as
well as companies that engaged in manufacturing. The development of technology
is very fast, there are so many technologies that facilitate people like a tab, hand
phone, refrigerator, TV, laptop, and other media. The need is increasingly in
demand by ordinary people and intellectuals also. There are so many equipment or
tools that can help people activities. Equipment that replaced human power has
been created by people, for instance in people activities is such sweeps the floor
have now been replaced by vacuum cleaner, another activities that is washing the
clothes that used to be done by human power has now been replaced by the power
of the engine by using the washing machine. The activity that carried out by
human power, certainly would need more power and may takes a longer time.

Household appliances lately often become the highlight for the company that
doing technology development in creating household appliances, from cooking
utensils, hygiene equipment to the household appliances for washing, the purpose
is to help people or consumer to finish their work more effective and easy. People
or consumer welcome every ne innovation product that can help them doing their
activities. This shows that the consumers desperately need tools that can used to
help finish their work.

Related to household activities, people often experience difficulties to handle all

household activities like cook, sweep the floor, wash the dishes, and wash their
clothes. This is because they have to do many activities at the same time,
especially washing their clothes. It happens among the college students ho live
boarding or renting house, the activities of full of assignments and reports makes

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they cannot have time more to wash their clothes, so the solution is laundry. It has
been known that washing the clothes without machine will take a long time and
delay the other activities.Whereas, laundry is quite expensive and it can increase
the outcomes of college students.

Unfortunately, washing machine nowadays is quite expensive for college students,

morever the space of washing machine is quite big and need high electricity. Rent
house or boarding has small space capacity, if college students put washing
machine, the space for other important things may be not enough.

To develop and solve the problem that mentioned previously, Mini Washing
Machine is created. Mini Washing Machine is smaller than other washing
machine, so college students can put in the rent house or boarding. The price of
Mini Washing Machine can be affordable, since it needs less materials than big
washing machine, the electric power is quite low, so the college students can save
the energy since it uses lower dynamo than big washing machine. This Mini
Washing Machine is occupied with dryer too. This washing machine can help
student that live in boarding house also to wash their clothes and morever can
save their money from laundry.

1.2 Objectives
There are several objectives in developing Mini Washing Machine, which are:
1. Helping college student and other people in having affordable washing
machine and dryer.
2. Creating portable washing machine that can be located in the small room.
3. Creating the eco-friendly washing machine by using low capacity of
energy.

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 CHAPTER TWO
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGY

2.1 The Product Development Process

A process is a sequence of steps that transforms a set of inputs into a set of
outputs. Most people are familiar with the idea of physical processes, for the
example is assemblying of automobile parts and cake manufacturing. A product
development process is the sequence of steps or activities that an enterprise
employs to conceive, design, and commercialize a product. Every organization
conducts a process at least slightly different from one to another organization. In
fact, the same enterprise may follow different processes for each of several
different types of development projects. Well-defined development process can be
successful for several reasons:
1. Quality assurance: a development process whcih specifies the phases a
development project will pass through and checkpoints along the way.
2. Coordination: acts as the master plan that defines tje roles for each player
on team.
3. Planning: development process includes milestones connecting with the
competion for each phase.
4. Management: benchmarking to asses the performance of an ongoing effor
of development by comparing actual events.
5. Improvement: ccareful documentation and review of development
organization can help identify the opportunities for improvements.

There are six phases of generating the development process. The first is Planning
begins with opportunity identification guided by corpoorate strategy and includes
assesment of technoogy develompment and market objectives. The output is
mission statement. Each divisions has different activities in the phase, which are:
1. In marketing section, planning is required to articulate market opportunity
and define market segments.
2. In design section, planning is needed to consider product platform and
achitecture also assess new technologies

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 3. In manufacturing section, planning is play a critical role to identify
production contraints and set supply chain startegy
4. Other funtions, for Research is to demonstrate available technologies; for
Finance is to provide planning goals; for General Mangement is to allocate
project resources.

The second is Concept Development. In this phase, the needs of target market are
identified, alternatives concept of product is generated and evaulated. A concept is
description of functions, form, and features of product. Each divisions has
different activities in the phase, which are:
1. In marketing section, uses to collect customer needs, identify leas users,
and identify competitive products in the market as the competitor.
2. In design section investigates feasibility of product concepts, develops
industrial design concepts, and builds and test experimental prototypes.
3. In manufacturing sections estimate manufacturing cost because the
production cost spend a lot of money so in concept development has to
maintain the production cost and assess productions feasibility.
4. Other functions, for finance is to facilitate economic analysis and for legal
to investigate patent issues.

The third is System-level Design. Includes the difinition of the product

architecture, decomposition of the product into subsytemes and components,
prelimimary design key components, and allocation of detail design responsibility
both internal and external. The activities are:
1. In marketing side develops plan for product options and extends product
family.
2. In design side, to develop product architecture it means the appearance of
the product, define major sub-systems and interfaces, refine industrial
design and preliminary component engineering.
3. In manufacturing side, to identify supplier that used by the company as the
key components, perform make-buy analysis which decision should be
done and define final assembly scheme.

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 4. In other functions, for finance to facilitate make-buy analysis to make
accurate decision and for service to identify service issues.

The forth is Detail Design. Includes tihe complete specification of the geometry,
materials, and tolerances of all of the unique parts in the product and the
identification of all of the standard parts to be purchased from suppliers. A
process plan is established and tooling is designed for each part to be fabricated
within the production system. The activities are:
1. In marketing field, detail design is very important to create marketing plan
in order to analysis the market.
2. In design field, detail design define geometry of all parts, choose material
based on budget and needs, assign tolerances of all parts, and complete
industrial design control documentation.
3. In manufacturing field, detail design would define piece-part production
processes, design tooling, define quality assurance, and begin procurement
of long-lead tooling

The fifth is Testing and Refinement phase involves theconstruction and

evaluation of multiple preproduction versions of the product. Early (alpha)
prototypes are usually built with production-intent parts—parts with the same
geometry and material properties as intended for the production version of the
product but not necessarily fabricated with the actual processes to be used in
production. The activities are:
1. In marketing section, testing and refinement have to develop promotion to
introduce our brand to the society and launch materials that used and
facilitate field testing.
2. In design section, testing and refinement to test overall performance,
reliability, and durability; obtain regulatory approvals, assess
environmental impact and implement design changes if changin needed.
3. In manufacturing section, testing and refinement is important process to
facilitate supplier ramp-up, refine fabrication and assembly processes,
train work force, refine quality assurance processes.

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 4. In other function, for sales, testing and refinement is to develop sales plan.

The sixth is Production Ramp-Up. The purpose of the ramp-up is to train the
workforce and to work out any remaining problems in the production processes.
The activities are:
1. In marketing section, production process would place early with key
customers.
2. In design section, production ramp-up would evaluate early production
output.
3. In manufacturing section, production ramp-up begin full operation of
production system.
4. In others function, for General Management production ramp-up conduct
post project review.

2.1.1 Concept Development: The Front End Process

Because the concept development phase of the development process demands
perhaps more coordination among functions than any other, many of the
integrative development methods presented. The concept development process
includes the following activities:
1. Identifying customer needs, the goal of this activity is to understand
customers’ needs and to effectively communicate them to the development
team. The output of this step is a set of carefully constructed customer need
statements, organized in a hierarchical list, with importance weightings for
many or all of the needs.
2. Establishing target specifications, specifications provide a precise
description of what a product has to do. They are the translation of the
customer needs into technical terms. Targets for the specifications are set early
in the process and represent the hopes of the development team. Later these
specifications are refined to be consistent with the constraints imposed by the
team’s choice of a product concept. The output of this stage is a list of target
specifications. Each specification consists of a metrics, marginal and ideal
values for that metric.

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3. Concept generation, the goal of concept generation is to thoroughly explore
the space of product concepts that may address the customer needs. Concept
generation includes a mix of external search, creative problem solving within
the team, and systematic exploration of the various solution fragments the
team generates.
4. Concept selection, concept selection is the activity in which various product
concepts are analyzed and sequentially eliminated to identify the most
promising concept(s). The process usually requires several iterations and may
initiate additional concept generation and refinement.
5. Concept testing, one or more concepts are then tested to verify that the
customer needs have been met, assess the market potential of the product, and
identify any shortcomings that must be remedied during further development.
If the customer response is poor, the development project may be terminated
or some earlier activities may be repeated as necessary.
6. Setting final specifications, the target specifications set earlier in the process
are revisited after a concept has been selected and tested. At this point, the
team must commit to specific values of the metrics reflecting the constraints
inherent in the product concept, limitations identified through technical
modeling, and trade-offs between cost and performance.

7. Project planning, in this final activity of concept development, the team

creates a detailed development schedule, devises a strategy to minimize
development time, and identifies the resources required to complete the
project. The major results of the front-end activities can be usefully captured
in a contract book, which contains the mission statement, the customer needs,
the details of the selected concept, the product specifications, the economic
analysis of the product, the development schedule, the project staffing, and the
budget. The contract book serves to document the agreement (contract)
between the team and the senior management of the enterprise.
8. Economic analysis, the team, often with the support of a financial analyst,
builds an economic model for the new product. This model is used to justify
continuation of the overall development program and to resolve specific
tradeoffs between, for example, development costs and manufacturing costs.

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 Economic analysis is shown as one of the ongoing activities in the concept
development phase. An early economic analysis will almost always be
performed before the project even begins, and this analysis is updated as more
information becomes available.
9. Benchmarking of competitive products is an understanding of competitive
products is critical to successful positioning of a new product and can provide
a rich source of ideas for the product and production process design.
Competitive benchmarking is performed in support of many of the front-end
activities.
10. Modeling and prototyping, every stage of the concept development process
involves various forms of models and prototypes. These may include, among
others: early “proofof-concept” models, which help the development team to
demonstrate feasibility; “formonly” models, which can be shown to customers
to evaluate ergonomics and style; spreadsheet models of technical trade-offs;
and experimental test models, which can be used to set design parameters for
robust performance.

Figure 2.1 The Front End Concept Development

2.1.2 Specific Product Development

After generating the concept development, the next step which specify the product
development in order to explain in detailed and deeper to the customer. There are
several process of specific product development:
1. Generic (Market-Pull) Products; begin with a market opportunity and
select appropriate technologies to meet customer needs.
2. Technology-Push Products; begin with a new technology, then finds an
appropriate market.

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 3. Platform Products; assumes that the new product will be built around an
established technological subsystem.
4. Process-Intensive Products; characteristic of the product are highly
constrained by the production process.
5. Customized Products; defined as new product are slight variations of
existing configurations.
6. High-Risk Products; technical or market uncertainties create high risk of
failure.
7. Quick-Build Products; rapid modeling and prototyping enables many
design-build-test cycles.
8. Complex System is defined as system must be decomposed into several
subsystem and many components.

Figure 2.2 Product Development Process Flow Diagram

2.1.3 Product Development Project

In addition to crafting an effective development process, successful firms must
organize their product development staff to implement the process in an effective
manner. There are several types of organizations used product development.

Organization are formed by establishing links among individuals. A product

development organization is the scheme by which individual designers and
developers are linked together into groups. The links among individuals may be
formal or informal and include, among others, these types:

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 1. Reporting relationships: formal reporting relationship in organizational
chart. For example, engineer A have to report his job formally to engineer
B as supervisor.
2. Financial arrangements: linked by being part of same financial group.
3. Physical layout: informal relationship between individuals when they
share in the same floor, cubical, building and site.

Organizational Links May Be Aligned with Functions, Projects, or Both.

Regardless of their organizational links, particular individuals can be classified in
two different ways: according to their function and according to the projects they
work on.

1. A function (in organizational terms) is an area of responsibility usually

involving specialized education, training, or experience. The classic
functions in product development organizations are marketing, design, and
manufacturing. Finer divisions than these are also possible and may
include, for example, market research, market strategy, stress analysis,
industrial design, human factors engineering, process development, and
operations management.
2. Regardless of their functions, individuals apply their expertise to specific
projects. In product development, a project is the set of activities in the
development process for a particular product and includes, for example,
identifying customer needs and generating product concepts.

2.2 Opportunity Identification

In the context of product development, an opportunity is an idea for a new
product. An opportunity is a product description in embryonic form, a newly
sensed need, a newly discovered technology, or a rough match between a need
and a possible solution. At the earliest stage of development, uncertainty clouds
the future, so an opportunity can be thought of as a hypothesis about how value
might be created. An opportunity for a new product is usually articulated with less
than one page of information, often including a descriptive title, a narrative

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 explaining the idea, and sometimes including a sketch of a possible product
concept. There are six steps, which are, establish a charter, generate and sense
many opportunities, screen opportunities, develop promising opportunities, select
exceptional opportunities, reflect in the results and the process.

Before starting the opportunity identification process, there is a innovation

tournament process that should be conducted. Innovation or opportunity
tournament is a process which identify some opportunities and then select for
further development, with just a few proceeds can be attained. Only best ideas
that will be chosen and standing out from this process. The performance of the
opportunities identification process depends on considering a large number of
opportunities from a variety of sources, appliying idea generation processes that
result in good opportunities, and in considering opportunities of widely varying
quality.

2.2.1 Effective Opportunities Tournaments

There are three basic ways to define the opportunity identification process be
managed to increase the number of excellent opportunities identified. The steps
are:
1. Generate a large number of opportunities.
There are several products that could be develop furthermore to become
innovative, creative that could stand out in market. Based on the result of
team’s discussions are shown in table 2.1.

Table 2.1 List of Opportunities

Ayu Raymond Rianita Vivian Lyu Guoqiang
Whiteboard Vacum Mess Tin Can Heat
Mini Washing Machine Alarm Punch
Eraser Cleaner Food
Blooming Hoodie Umbrella Bag Pocket Casing Coin Sorter Massage U-Pillow
Three-Wheels Gallon Transformer Basket for Dry Animals
Intellegent Table Lamp
Cart Bag & Wet Clothes Repellent
Laptop Organizer Bag Smart Lunch Multi-function
Move charger
Box Brush
Magnifying Glass Clock Multifunctional Disable
Air condition clothes
Pen Motorcycle
Multi-Funtion
Offroad Shoes Study Bag Intelligent shoe-pad
Hijab

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 The ideas is found by analysing the problems around society. The team
comes up with interesting and cool ideas to solve the problems around
society, and makes the society live in effective and effecient products.
2. Seek high quality of the opportunities generated.
Adopting better methods for generating opportunities and mining better
sources of opportunities can increase the average quality of the
opportunities under consideration, which will also increase the quality of
the best ideas resulting from the tournament.
3. Create high variance in the quality of opportunities.
Holding average quality and number of opportunities constant. Creating
one-of-a-kind ideas increases the the opportunity to be able to compete
with others in market.

2.2.2 Opportunity Identification Process

In this process, there are 6 steps that already explained in the beginning of this sub
chapter (opportunity identification). The first 4 step is done by single each
member, and the rest is together. The explainations are stated in the next page.

Step 1: Establish Charter

The innovation charter articulates these goals and establishes the boundary
conditions for an innovative effort. There will be five charters from each member
of group.
1. Ayu – Mini Washing Machine.Create physical product in household
appliance category that can develop in four months, one month in
evaluating, and launch to the market within eight months through the
household appliance stores and e-commerce. After that can be developed
continually.
2. Raymond – Slap Alarm.
Creating physical product in electronic category that can develop in 1
months, and launch 2 months . After that can be developed continually.

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 3. Rianita – White Board Eraser.
Create a physical product in the stationary category that can develop in
three months, one month in evaluating, launch to market whithin about six
months through the existing retail sales channel.
4. Vivian – Vacuum Cleaner
Creating physical product in household category that can develop in 7
months, and launch 10 months . After that can be developed continually.
5. Lyu Guoqiang – Mess Tin Can Heat Food
Creating physical product in stable category that can develop in two
months, and launch to market evalution. After that can be developed
continually.

Step 2: Generate amd Sense Many Opportunities

To generate or find a new ideas is not easy, sometimes there are some obstacles
such as abstract, unstructured, and has many degrees of freedom There are 7 basic
techniques for simulating the identification of opportunities:
1. Follow personal passion.
All of company’s member should list their passion sand then consider how
emerging technologies, trends, and business models might influence them.
Each member has to choose 5 ideas. All member follown their personal
passion in developing their ideas.
2. Compile bug lists.
Problem around society is an opportunity. A powerful way to undertand
others’ problem can bring out an innovatie products or services that can
satisfy customers.

3. Pull opportunities from capacilities.

To provide advantage, a resource must be valuable, rare, inimitable, non-
and substitutable,. To be valuable, a resource must either allow a firm to
achieve greater performance than competitors or reduce a weakness
relative to competitors. A valuable resource must be rare. For value and
rarity to persist, a resource must not be easily imitated. Even if valuable,
rare, and inimitable, a resource providing advantage cannott be easily

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 substituted. This perspective, abbreviated as VRIN, can be used to define
targets by first articulating an inventory of resources and then using the
inventory as a lens for opportunity generation
4. Study customer.
Opportunities can be identified by studying customers in a selected market
segment. These studies provide a deeper understanding of the true
customer needs than you can obtain through surveys.
5. Consider implication of trends.
Changes in technology, demography, or social norms often create
innovation opportunities. The means of exploration is easy: list social,
environmental, technological, or economic trends and then imagine
innovation opportunities made possible by each one.
6. Imitate but better approach.
When another firm innovates successfully, it in effect publishes the
location of a gold mine. You can exploit this information by either
considering alternative solutions that could address the same need or
alternative needs that could be addressed with the same solution.
7. Mine the sources.
Recall that about half of product opportunities arise from sources inside an
organization and about half come from outside sources. As a result, you
benefit from cultivating external sources of ideas.

After doing the first step and based on the steps above, the result of list of
opportunities can be generated. From each member the result is shown on Table
2.2.

Table 2.2 Generates Opportunities

Ayu Raymond Rianita Vivian Lyu Guoqiang
Mini Washing Whiteboard Mess Tin Can
Alarm Punch Vacum Cleaner
Machine Eraser Heat Food
Blooming Massage U-
Umbrella Bag Pocket Casing Coin Sorter
Hoodie Pillow
Three-Wheels Basket for Dry Animals Intellegent Table
Transformer Bag
Gallon Cart & Wet Clothes Repellent Lamp
Laptop Smart Lunch Multi-function
Organizer Bag Move charger
Box Brush

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 Table 2.2 Generates Opportunities (continued)
Magnifying Multifunctional Disable Air condition
Glass Clock Pen Motorcycle clothes
Multi-function Intelligent shoe-
Offroad Shoes Study Bag
Hijab pad

Step 3: Screen Opportunities

The goal of screening is simply to eliminate opportunities that are highly unlikely
to result in the creation of value and to focus attention on the opportunities worthy
of further investigation. For this step, a very effective screening criterion is the
judgment by a group of individuals of whether or not the opportunity is worthy of
a few days or weeks of additional investigation. In this steps each member choose
the best three of opportunities. Table 2.3 shows the best choosen product from
each member.

Table 2.3 The Chosen Product

Ayu Raymond Rianita Vivian Lyu Guoqiang
Mini Washing Whiteboard Mess Tin Can
Alarm Punch Vacum Cleaner
Machine Eraser Heat Food
Blooming Massage U-
Umbrella Bag Pocket Casing Coin Sorter
Hoodie Pillow
Three-Wheels Basket for Dry Animals Intellegent Table
Transformer Bag
Gallon Cart & Wet Clothes Repellent Lamp

Figure 2.3 Rianita’s Best Idea

Figure 2.4 Raymond’s Best Ideas

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 Figure 2.5 Luiz’s Best Ideas

Figure 2.6 Ayu’s Best Ideas

Step 4: Develop Promising Opportunities

There are some additional tasks that are often worth completing include: customer
interview, testing of existing products, concept generation, quick prototypes and
estimates of market sizes and growth rates. The goal of developing promising
opportunities is to resolve the greatest uncertainties surrounding each one at the
lowest cost in time and money. After doing the step 3, in the step 4 the process of
selecting the product from best three into best one for each member is conducted,
The result is shown on Table 2.4.

Table 2.4 The Chosen Product after Second Screening

Ayu Raymond Rianita Vivian Lyu Guoqiang
Mini Washing Whiteboard Vacum Mess Tin Can
Alarm Punch
Machine Eraser Cleaner Heat Food

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 A

Figure 2.7 The Chosen Product from Rianita (Left) and Raymond (Right)

Figure 2.8 The Chosen Product from Lyu (Left) and Ayu (Right)

Step 5: Select Exceptional Opportunities

Once a handful of opportunities have been developed with modest investment of
resources, enough uncertainty should be resolved in order to pick the exceptional
few opportunities that warrant a significant investment in product development.

The same basic method can be used to select product opportunities. One specific
approach used within established companies is the Real-Win-worth-it (RWW)
method, it summarizes three questions:
1. Is the opportunity is real? Based on the discussion, from those
products, the opportunity, the highest chance successful in market is
Ayu’s idea which is Mini Washing Machine since the college students
really need washing machine. If Mini Washing Machine sets in right
price, the procurement can be increased.
2. Can the product win the opportunity? Based on the discussion from all
of products, mini washing machine can established a sustainable
competitive advantage, since it is an new and innovative product. The

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 other washing machine is quite big, and it spends much space in room,
it is different with Mini Washing Machine. Mini Washing Machine is
made in order to help people especially college students who live in
small space of house, so that they can have washing machine and apply
it easily. Mini Washing Machine is a new investment, so the
opportunity in market will be big. Mini Washing Machine is capable in
executing the competitiors since there is no product like this before.
3. Is the opportunity worth it financially? Mini Washing Machine is
absolutely worthy to be developed, because right now people will
prefer doing something effecient and effective so in washing their
clothes, they will prefer using machine than manual system. This is
worthy because the target market is obvious and wide. If it is
completed with affordable price, team is confident enough will get
more profit, since many people want to buy this product.

Step 6: Reflect on the Result and the Process

There are some questions to consider in reflecting on the opportunity
identification results and process are:
1. How many of the opportunities identified came from internal sources
versus external sources?
2. Did we consider dozen or hundreds of opportunities?
3. Was the innovation charter too narrowly focused?
4. Were our filtering criteria biased, or largely based on the best possibke
estimates of eventual product success?
5. Are the resulting opportunities exciting to the team?

After the chosen product is determined, the next is every member give their input
of concept to develop new innovative idea. Each member develop the product to
make it more innovative for example they can develop it into multifunction
products and add some new features for the product to make it eye catching. After
that they will inflate each of the ideas, and then do screening and testing to find

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the each member score for each idea. After get the score, we will combine the
product that have high score and combine with others idea.

2.3 Product Planning

Product plan identifies the portofolio of products to be developed by the
organization and timing of their introduction to market. The product planning
process takes place before a product development project is formally approved,
before substantial resources are applied, and before the larger development team
is formed.

The product plan is regularly updated to reflect changes in the competitive

environment, changes in technology, and information on the success of existing
products. Product plans are developed with the company’s goals, capabilities,
constraints, and competitive environment in mind. Product planning decisions
generally involve the senior management of the organization and may take place
only annually or a few times each year. Some organizations have a director of
planning who manages this process. There are five steps in conducting the product
planning.

Step 1: Identifying the Opportunities

The planning process begins with identification of produt development
opportunities. Each member gives their idea of list of opportunities, the team
collect ideas continually and new product opportunities may arise at any time. The
documentation is done, from the result there are best five product (one member
gives one best idea).

Step 2: Evaluate and Prioritize Projects

The process of this step is focusing one the most promising projects to pursue.
Based on group discussion, Mini Washing Machine is chosen as the promising
project both in target market and producer. The several aspects of consideration is:
1. Competitive Strategy: based on technology leadership, this group
emphasizes basic research and development of new technology. Based on

19
 cost leadership, the group finds the lowest vendor in order to make Mini
Washing Machine with choosing the best material, find the proper vendor
can reduce the cost. Based on customer focus, ask for customers result in
order to know the customer needs and implement it in Mini Washing
Machine. Based on imitative, the trends right now is effeciency and
effectiveness, so Mini Washing Machine will be completed with dryer so
the customer can dry and wash machine easily in one product to increase
the effectiveness in order to follow the trends.
2. Market Segmentation: the market segmentation will be people who live in
small space. Our segement firstly is college students around Cikarang,
and people who rent the house but live individually.

Step 3: Allocate Resources and Plan Timing

Since the project is conducted just with five persons, so the allocation of resources
will be Raymond do the observations of dynamo, Ayu designs the shape of
products and the initiator of Mini Washing Machine, Luiz is allocated as the
finance, Vivian helps in searching the best material and Vira conducts the
mechanism and prototyping of the products. If this Mini Washing Machine. Plan
Timing, the prototype must be done in December 7th 2017.

Step 4: Complete Pre-Project Planning

The objective defined by a product vision statement may be very general. It may
not say which specific new technologies should be used, nor does it necessarily
specify goals and constaints. The mission statement is conducted to complete the
steps.

Table 2.5 Mini Washing Machine Mission Statement

Mission Statement: Mini Washing Machine
Mini Washing Machine that is occupied by dryer, and
Product Description small tube. Mini Washing Machine can occupy 5
clothes
Washing Machine and dryer becomes one
Benefit Proposition
Small space and Portable

20
 Table 2.5 Mini Washing Machine Mission Statement (continued)
Support people who live in small space in washing
and drying clothes
Key Business Goals
Can be used for 5 clothes
Environmental friendly since using low-watt dynamo
Primary Market College Students who live in boarding and rent house
Secondary Market People who live individually in small space
There is no case for mini washing machine
Assumptions and Limited types of dynamo
Constraints New product platforms
Compatible in market
Manufacturing Operations
Stakeholders Purchasers and users
Distributions and resellers

Step 5: Reflect on the Result and the Process

The product plan support the competitive strategy of the group. Product plan
address yhe most mportant of current opportunities facing the group. The product
is creative enough in market. The elements of mission statement is consistent.

2.3.1 SWOT Analysis

SWOT analysis is an analytical framework that can help your company face its
greatest challenges and find its most promising new markets. Here SWOT
analysis of Mini Washing Machine is explained below.

The Strength.
1. Multifunction: Mini Washing Machine is multifunction product which
provide two kinds of function in one product, namely washing machine
and dryer.
2. Simple: Mini Washing Machine is simple to be use, occupied by timer so
that the user can leave the washing activities while doing other things.
3. Portable: not like other washing machine, Mini Washing Machine can be
used everywhere since it is small.
4. Safe Space: since Mini Washing Machine is small, it can be placed in
small room, obviously it saves space.

21
 5. Trendy Design: Mini Washing Machine is occupied by trendy design, so if
it is located in exposed room, it is still good looking.
6. Eco friendly: Mini Washing Machine is eco-friendly since using low
electric Watt.
7. Affordable: Mini Washing Machine is affordable, college students can buy
it since the materials is small so the cost will be decreased.

The Weakness.

1. Mini Washing Machine can be used just for 5 clothes (capacity is small).
2. Mini Washing Machine is not recognized by Cikarang’s people.

The Opportunity.
1. Mini Washing Machine is new innovative of household since there is no
washing machine and drying machine in one tube in mini version.
2. Mini Washing Machine has trendy design, so that the customers can put
everywhere, and it is not destroyed the pretty decoration of room.

The Threat.
1. Developing Mini Washing Machine takes long time from the
consideration of mechanism, limited resources and money.
2. Mini Washing Machine is still lose in price for big washing machine since
limited of resources, takes high cost.

2.4 Identification of Customer Needs

Customer needs are what the customer expected to get from a product or service,
that should be considered by the company to help the company developing the
product or service.

The goals of identifying the customer needs are:

1. Ensure that the product is focused on customer needs.
2. Identify latent or hidden needs as well as explicit needs.
3. Provide a fact base for justifying the prodcut specifications.

22
 4. Create an archival report of the needs activity of the development process.
5. Ensure that no critical customer customer need is missed or forgotten.
6. Develop a common understanding of customer needs among members of
the development team.

Identifying customer needs is an integral part of the concept development phase of

the product development process. From the customer needs, the company is able
to guide the time in order to determine the specifications, conceptsm and
development of the products.

There are four steps in identifying customer needs, which are:

Step 1: Gather raw data from customers.
In order to determine the customer needs, the company should gather data of what
the customer expect from a product. There are several steps that can be done to
gather raw data; interviews, focus groups, and observing the products in use. For
the focus groups method, special room is needed in order to discuss with a group
of customer. The room should be equipped in two-way mirror so that several
members of development team are able to observe the group. For the observing
the products in use method, the existing product is needed in order to see how the
customer operate the product that will be observed by the development team.
Since there are no adequate facilities in using both methods, the most possible
option is do the interview to the future customer in order to gather the data needed
to develop and determine the product specification.

Step 2: Interpret raw data in terms of customer needs.

The data that gathered from the customer through the interview are interpreted in
the form of written statements. The members of the company done the interview
for one customer and interpret the result, based on the guidelines provided. Table
2.6 below shows one of the example of the interpreted data from a customer. The
data is only about the product that is expected by the customer, actually the data
supposed to be also consist of current product, but the company is not having a
current product since the company is willing to make a new and fresh product.

23
 Table 2.6 Interpreted Raw Data in Terms of Customer Needs
Customer: Banan Khairunnisa Interviewer(s): Ayu Rizki
Address: Jl. Kampung Dusun Date: 5 October 2017
Cibeber I, Kosan Hj.
Dayat, No. C7
Telephone: 628-221-051-4413 Currently uses: Manual system
Willing to do Yes Type of user: College student
follow up?
Question/Prompt Customer Statement Interpreted Need
Typical uses I need a washing machine to A washing machine with an
help me wash my clothes automatic or semi-automatic
since I usually do my clothes system.
manually and it takes time.
I need a washing machine but A washing machine in a
in a mini size since my place mini size.
only have little space.
I already pay a lot for my A washing machine with
electricity bill, it will be low electricity power usage.
better if the washing machine
only use low watt.
I also having a hard time in A washing machine with
drying my clothes, it takes a dryer technology.
lot of strength to dry my
clothes manually and I am
usually already tired since I
do a lot of activity outside.
I’m currently studying and A washing machine that is
not having a fixed income, cheaper than the regular
the regular washing machine washing machine.
is very expensive and I
cannot afford it.
It is better if the washing A washing machine that
machine can be move easily have light weight so it will
because I will probably move be easy to lift and move.
someday.
It will be better if the A washing machine with an

24
 Table 2.6 Interpreted Raw Data in Terms of Customer Needs (continued)
washing machine have an attractive appearance.
attractive appearance so it
still look good if I put it in
my room.
The washing machine is A washing machine that is
better ifit is durable so I don’t durable.
have to buy all over again.

Step 3: Establich the Relative Importance of the Needs

From the interpreted raw data, the needed can be determined. Again, the role of customer
is really important to determine whether the interpreted needs is important or not.
Therefore, several respondents, which are customers, are needed in conducting the survey
of the interpreted needed importance. Figure 2.3 shows the example of the survey that is
done to determine the importance of the customer needs.

Table 2.7 Survey of Interpreted Need Importance

Mini Washing Machine
Below, there are several mini washing machine features. Please determine on a
scale of 1 to 5 which feature is important to be added to the mini washing
machine. The following scale will help you to determine:
1. The feature is not impotant, I dont want that feature in a product.
2. The feature is not important, but it is okay to have it.
3. The feature is nice to have, but it is not really necessary.
4. The feature is really important, but it is also okay if the product doesn’t
have this feature.
5. The feature is critical, I will not buy the product if the product doesn’t
have this feature
Check the box on the right also to indicate about how you feel about the feature,
whether is it unique, exciting, and/or unexpected.
Scale 1 to 5 Feature is
unique, excting,
and/or
unexpected
____ A washing machine with an automatic or semi-
automatic system.

25
 Table 2.7 Survey of Interpreted Need Importance (continued)
____ A washing machine in a mini size.
____ A washing machine with a low electricity power usage.
____ A washing machine with a dryer technology.
____ A washing machine that is cheaper than the regular
washing machine.
____ A washing machine that have light weight so it will be
easy to lift and move.
____ A washing machine with an attractive appearance.
____ A washing machine that is durable.

If the customer already fill the survey, the importance of the needs can be
determined. The importance will be able to determine by weighting the mean or
the standard deviation of the scale.

Step 4: Reflect on the Results and the Process

Reflects on the Results and the Process is the last method. After all of the
customer needed are identified, the team must be able to verify the consistency the
knowledge that the team has developed through the interaction with customers.
The company must be able to identify whether they have already interacted or not
with all of the imortant types of customers in the target market, and what should
the team prepared for the prodcut development, and how should the team improve
the process in future efforts. Based on the survey, the company also able to
determine the importance of the customers needs. Table 2.8 shows the importance
details of each customer needs.

Table 2.8 Importance of Customer Needs

No Customer Needs Imp
1 A washing machine with an automatic or semi-automatic system. 5
2 A washing machine in a mini size. 4
3 A washing machine with a low electricity power usage. 4
4 A washing machine with a dryer technology. 4
5 A washing machine that is cheaper than the regular washing machine. 5
6 A washing machine that have light weight so it will be easy to lift and move. 3
7 A washing machine with an attractive appearance. 2
8 A washing machine that is durable. 2

26
2.5 Product Specifications
of the customer is generally expressed with the customer nned. Customer needs
help the company in developing a clear sense of the issues of interest to
customers, it provides little specific guidance about how to design and engineer
the product. For this reason, the team can develop a set of specifications, which
shows a precise meaurement detail of the product has to have. A specification
should include product function, dimension, material, outline of appearance,
anthropometrics and ergonomics, environmental consideration and requirements.

To make mini washing machine, there are four members in the team. Each team
has their own concept and ideas in making the mini washing machine. The main
concept is basically a washing machine in a mini size with a low electricity power
usage. But, the team have each own specifications that will be considerate to make
a better machine. The team members are Ayu, Raymond, Rianita, and Luiz.

The ideas from each team members are:

1. Ayu’s Ideas
The mini washing machine will be in a form of rectangle, and will have
two side, one for washing and one for drying, both side will have the same
dimension. For the rotating system, two dynamos will be used, one
dynamo for washing and one for drying. There will be a button to turn on
the washer and also a button to turn on the dryer. In the washer side, there
will be a propeller to help the water rotating, and for the dryer there will be
a holed bucket to help the water drying. There will be one infusion hose in
both washer and dryer side. The purpose of the infusion hose is to turn out
the water. The overall size of the washing machine is 80 x 40 x 80 cm (l x
w x h cm). The washer is 40 cm length, as well as the dryer. The washing
machine can wash clothes up to 3-5 kgs of clothes. The outer of the
washing machine can be decorate based on customer requests.

27
 Table 2.9 Needs and Metrics of Ayu’s Idea

Figure 2.9 Ayu’s Concept

2. Raymond’s Idea
The mini washing machine will be in a form of rectangle, and will have
two side, one for washing and one for drying. both side will have different
size. The dryer will be much smaller than the washer. The purpose of the
different washer and dryer size is to reduce the material cost and also to

28
safe more space. For the rotating system, two dynamos will be used, one
dynamo for washing and one for drying. There will be a button to turn on
the washer and also a button to turn on the dryer. In the washer side, there
will be a propeller to help the water rotating, and for the dryer there will be
a holed bucket to help the water drying. There will be a hose that
connected to the tube beside the washer side to gather the water after
washing. The overall length of the washing machine is 80 cm and the
width is 40 cm. the difference is in the height, the washer is 80 cm height
and the dryer is 60 cm height. The washing machine can wash clothes up
to 3-5 kgs of clothes.

Table 2.10 Needs and Metrics of Raymond’s Idea

Figure 2.10 Raymond’s Idea of Mini Washing Machine

29
3. Rianita’s Idea
Both side will have different size. The dryer will be much smaller than the
washer. The purpose of the different washer and dryer size is to reduce the
material cost and also to safe more space. For the rotating system, two
dynamos will be used, one dynamo for washing and one for drying. There
will be a button to turn on the washer and also a button to turn on the
dryer. In the washer side, there will be a propeller to help the water
rotating, and for the dryer there will be a holed bucket to help the water
drying. There will be pipes in both sides, washer and dryer to turn out the
water. Area of washing machine is 80 cm x 40 cm, dryer 80 xm x 60 cm.
The washing machine can wash clothes up to 3-5 kgs of clothes.

Table 2.11 Needs and Metrics of Rianita’s Idea

Figure 2.11 Rianita’s Idea of Mini Washing Machine

30
4. Luiz’s Idea
The mini washing machine will be in a form of tube, and will have two
side, one for washing and one for drying. Both side will have same size.
For the rotating system, two dynamos will be used, one dynamo for
washing and one for drying. There will be a button to turn on the washer
and also a button to turn on the dryer. In the washer side, there will be a
propeller to help the water rotating, and for the dryer there will be a holed
bucket to help the water drying. There will be pipes in both sides, washer
and dryer to turn out the water. The overall size of the washing machine is
40 x 80 cm (d x h cm). The washer is 40 cm diameter, as well as the dryer.
The washing machine can wash clothes up to 3-5 kgs of clothes. The
washing machine is also chargeable and there are wheels to help the
washing machine move easily.

Table 2.12 Needs and Metrics of Luiz’s Idea

31
 Figure 2.12 Luiz’s Idea of Mini Washing Machine

2.6 Concept Generations

A product concept is an approximate description of the technology working
principles, and form of the project. It is concise description of how product will
satisfy the customers. A concept is usually expressed as a sketch or as rough three
dimensional model and is often accompanied by a brief textual description. The
concept generation consist five steps.

Step 1: Clarify the Problem

Clarifying the problem consists of developing a general understanding and then
breaking the problem down into subproblems. In here the assumptions are:
1. Mini Washing Machine is occupied with semi-automatic or system
since it is better to use one tube of machine more effecient and
effective).
2. Mini Washing Machine will be smaller than others washing machine.
3. Mini Washing Machine will use lower Watt of electric power.
4. Mini Washing Machine should be occupied with dryer.
5. The weight should be light since it will be used portable.
6. Mini Washing Machine should be affordable for college students and
has high durability.
7. Mini Washing Machine should have attractive appearence.

32
Based on the assumptions, the team had identified needs for Mini Washing
Machine is occupied automatic or semi-automatic system with lower watt, and
completed with dryer machine. Because those assumptions will be connected each
other. These included:
1. Mini size of washing machine.
2. The light weight of the washing machine.
3. The price of washing machine will be affordable sinc eusing lower cost of
materials.
4. The mechanism of drying and washing machine.

The team gathered supplemental information to clarify and quantify the needs..
These basic needs were subsequently translated into target product specifications.
Target specifications are:

1. The height of washing machine from 50 cm until 90 cmn.

2. The dynamo capacity is maximum 250 Watt.
3. The price will be affordable from IDR 150,000 until IDR 500,000.
4. The mechanism uses timer to make time effecient, the mechanism can be
used for dryer and washing.
5. The weight of Mini Washing Machine will be less than 4 kg.

Step 2: Search Externally

External search is aimed at finding existing solutions to both the overall problem
and subproblems identified during the problem clarification step. The external
search for solutions is essentially an information-gathering process. The steps are
shown below.
1. Interview the dynamo engineer to know the choices of dynamo that can be
used.
2. Ask the mechanical engineering students about the mechanism of the
dyamo with two phase that can rotate one way and two way.
3. Search for the lower cost materials among vendors and internet.

33
 4. Do benchmarking, the analysis comparison between Mini Washing
Maching and others merk.
5. Discuss to experts about the size of Mini Washing Machine.

Step 3: Search Internally

Internal search is the use of personal and team knowledge and creativity to
generate solution concepts. Often called brainstroming, and based largely on the
creativity methods developed. The activitiys in thiks step are:
1. Do the discussion among individual member to know the proper
mechanism of Mini Washing Machine.
2. Generate a lot of ideas to be applied in Mini Washing Machine.
3. Build sketch the concept from all individuals and explain to others.
4. Make anologies and distort ideas.

Step 4: Explore Systematically

As a result of extenal and internal search activities, the team will have collected
several concepts (solution of problems). The steps is making classification tree
and combination table. The team is focused with the size of Mini Wwashing
Machine, the mechanism of drying and washing machine, and automatic or semi-
automatic. There are two types of table, the beginning of ideas discussion and
after revision.

Table 2.13 The Classification Tree and Combination Table of first Discussion

34
At the beginning our team chooses to use unused wall paint case, because it is
cheap and quite strong to be used. And the mechanism chooses semi-automatic.
So there will be tubes of Mini Washing Machine and Pipe as the place to water
comes out. But after the first protyping, the place chane into

Table 2.14 The Classification Tree and Combination Table after Prototyping

Size of the Mini Washing The Mechanism of Mini The Output of Water of
Machine Washing Machine Mini Washing Machine

Using the Unused Wall Automatic Pipe

Paint Case

Using Basket Semi-Automatic Infusion Hose

Using Barrel Water Cap

Big Cracker Jar

After the first prototyping, all of mechanism is changed. The size of Mini
Washing Maching will follow big cracker jar which is about 35-40 cm (not
included the base of Mini Washing Machine). The reason why change it into big
cracker jar, the first is it is is easier to be found in Cikarang than unused wall paint
case. And the system will be automatic, since if semi-automatic, group needs two
types of dynamo which are 1 phase and two phase but with automatic system, the
group just uses one type of dynamo and add capacitor to make the dynamo can
rotate 2 directions (for washing) or one direction (for drying). And the water cap
is used since it has lower cost and easy to be operated and assemblied than others.

Step 5: Reflect on the Solutions and Process

The first time, our team thinks that the semi-automatic will be very easy to operate
for customers, and assemblied to producer, but after the first protyping, the result

35
is automatic system will be very useful for both of them. The customers can
operate the Mini Washing Machine more effecient and effective, the size of
Mmini Washing Machine can be decreased since just using one tube, and the cost
will be cheaper since using one dynamo so the price will be decreased too. After
revision of the concept generations, automatic is the proper system of Mini
Washing Machine.

2.7 Concept Selections

Concept Selection means matrix used to display how well different alternatives
meet the list of product or process specifications or requirements. A concept
selection matrix is organized by the requirements, and includes numerical values
for target specifications as well as observed specifications for a list of potential
solutions. Concept selecting also the process of evaluating concepts based on
customer needs and other criteria, comparing the relative strengths and
weaknesses of the concepts, and selecting one or more concepts for further
investigation, testing, or development. Our group also needs screening and
scoring methods to help refine and improve the concepts, leading to one or more
promising concepts upon which further testing and development that our group
have to do. Our group do concept selection by the use of decision matrices for
evaluating each concept based on selection criteria that our group chooses.

Our group does concept selection with picking best idea and satisfy the product
design specification. Our group selects the concept by look the detailed design,
understanding customer needs, develop specification of product, and cause many
concept. By select many selection our group needs new or developed concepts and
more information to proceed. Our group tries to eliminate the concept and pick
best concept for our product.

There are several list of customer needs in product development process. By using
a variety of methods, the team generated alternative solution concepts in response
to those needs. Our team established the criteria for customer need on which the
choice of a product concept based on:

36
 1. Safe space since the rent house and boarding is very small.
2. Cheaper than regular washing machine.
3. Safe energy and lower price since the user is rent house and boarding
people.
4. Easy to use in house application.
5. Easy to move, or portable since rent house and boarding is small.
6. High quality with long lifetime.
7. Unique design and pretty to be placed in ren house and boarding.

There are two stage on concept selection methodology.

1. Concept Screening – Screening Matrix
2. Concept Selection – Scoring Matrix

2.7.1 Concept Screening

Concept screening is the process carried out during the concept phase to sift
through many product ideas, and to help deriving decisions as to which concepts
are worthy of moving to a subsequent planning phase. The purpose of Concept
Screening is to quickly and inexpensively sift through a large number of new
product ideas early in the new product development process to identify the most
promising concepts.

The first step of concept screening is prepare the selection matrix. Concepts and
criteria are entered on the matrix. All concepts should be at the same level of
detail. A concept is chosen as a benchmark, or reference concept, against which
all other concepts are rated: industry standard, familiar product, early generation
product, etc. The second step is rate the concept. A relative score of “better than”
(+), “same as” (0) or “worse than” (-) is placed in each cell of the matrix to
represent how each concept rates in comparison to the reference concept relative
to the particular criterion. It’s usually best to rate every concept on one criterion
before moving to the next criterion.

37
The third is rank the concept, after rating all the concepts, the team sums the
number of “better than”, “same as”, and “worse than” scores and enters the sum
for each category in the lower rows of the matrix. A net score can be calculated,
and the team can then rank-order the concepts. Obviously the concepts with more
pluses than minuses are ranked higher. Next step is combine and improve concept,
having rated and ranked the concepts, the team should verify that the results make
sense and then consider if there are ways to combine and improve certain
concepts. The final step is one of the best concept.

Based on careful consideration, the team chooses a concept to become the

benchmark, or reference concept, against which all other concepts are rated. The
reference is generally either an industry standard or a straightforward. It can be a
commercially available product, a best-in-class benchmark product which the
team has studied, an earlier generation of the product, any one of the concepts
under consideration, or a combination of subsystems assembled to represent the
best features of different product. The picture below is our references product
used for the comparison against our team’s concept. This is the LG semi-
automatic washing machine, it has been help household to wash their clothes for
many years.

Figure 2.13 LG Semi-Automatic Washing Machine

38
 Table 2.15 The Concept Screening Matrix
Needs Raymond Ayu Rianita Luiz References
A washing machine with an automatic or semi-
+ + + + 0
automatic system.
A washing machine in a mini size. + + + + 0
A washing machine with a low electricity power
+ + + + 0
usage.
A washing machine with a dryer technology. + 0 0 0 0
A washing machine that is cheaper than the
+ + + + 0
regular washing machine.
A washing machine that have light weight so it
+ + + + 0
will be easy to lift and move.
A washing machine with an attractive
+ 0 0 - 0
appearance.
A durable washing machine 0 0 - - 0
Number of + 7 5 5 5
Number of 0 1 3 2 1
Number of - 0 0 1 2
Total 7 5 4 3
Rank 1 2 3 4
Continue Yes Yes Yes Yes

The Table 2.15 shows that the matrix of concept screening the team conducted.
The team rank-order concepts from the best is Raymond’s concept, the second is
Ayu’s concept, third is Rianita’s concept, and the last is Luiz. After rated and
ranked the concepts, the team decided which concepts are to be selected for
further development refinement and analysis. But the result of screening matrix is
not specific yet since there is no weight that can be considered, so the scoring
matrix is done to know the best concept, then the improvements and combinations
can be done.

2.7.2 Concept Scoring

The next step after concept screening is concept scoring. This concept used when
increased resolution will better differentiate among competing concepts. The team
weighs the relative importance of the selection criteria and focuses on more
refined comparisons with respect to each criterion. This step would specify the
ideas to get the best idea. In concept scoring, every selection criteria in this step
would have its weight factor. The weight factor is based onhow important the
criteria. Then every concept will be given rating from 1 up to 5, this ratings will
be multiple by weight to get weighted score. Then, we will sum up weighted score

39
 from each criterion for each concept to get total score for each concept. The team
used a scale from 1 to 5. The relative rating are “much worse than” (1), “worse
than” (2), “same as” (3), “better than” (4), and ”much better than” (5).
Table 2.16 Concept Scoring Matrix
Raymond Ayu Rianita Luiz References
Needs Weight Weighted Weighted Weighted Weighted Weighted
Rating Rating Rating Rating Rating
Score Score Score Score Score
A washing machine
with an automatic or
19% 4 0.76 4 0.76 4 0.76 4 0.76 3 0.57
semi-automatic
system.
A washing machine
16% 5 0.8 5 0.8 5 0.8 5 0.8 3 0.48
in a mini size.
A washing machine
with a low electricity 15% 5 0.75 4 0.6 5 0.75 4 0/.6 3 0.45
power usage.
A washing machine
with a dryer 10% 4 0.4 3 0.3 3 0.3 3 0.3 3 0.3
technology.
A washing machine
that is cheaper than
20% 4 0.8 5 1 5 1 4 0.8 3 0.6
the regular washing
machine.
A washing machine
that have light
weight so it will be 7% 5 0.35 5 0.35 5 0.35 5 0.35 3 0.21
easy to lift and
move.
A washing machine
with an attractive 5% 4 0.2 3 0.15 3 0.15 2 0.1 3 0.15
appearance.
A durable washing
8% 3 0.24 3 0.24 1 0.08 2 0.16 3 0.24
machine
Total Score 4.3 4.2 4.19 3.87 3
Rank 1 2 3 4
Continues YES YES YES YES

The table shows the matrix of concept scoring. Once the ratings are entered for
each concept, weighted scores are calculated by multiplying the raw scores by
criteria weights. By looking at the total score for each concept, the rank order of
the concept are first Raymond’s concept. Second is Ayu, third is Rianita and
fourth Luiz’s concept. This concept will be further developed, prototyped, and
tested to elicit customer feedback. The first criteria is washing machine with
automatic or semi-automatic machine is important since people needs effecient

40
product so the weight is quite high which is 19%. The second criteria is mini size,
the size is also quite important since it is mini washing machine so the weight is
16%, for the data all of the concepts from member are quite good. For the third is
low electricity power usage, it is 15% from the result Rianita’s idea win the
concept since searching the lowest capacity of dynamo. The forth is dryer
technology, it is given 10%. The fifth is a cheaper price, it is quite important to
win the competion among competitors. The weight of easy to be lift, attractive
appearence and durable washing machin eis quite low since the importance is low
too.

2.7.3 Combination Concept

The first concept combination before prototyping is selecting the Ayu’s concept
and Raymond’s concept becomes one. The strengthness of Raymond’s concept is
the attractive design, choosing the lower dynamo Watt, but Ayu is better in
choosing the materials. Ayu’s first concept is:

Figure 2.14 Ayu’s First Concept

Ayu’s concept still has weaknesses so Raymond’s concept is combinated with

Ayu’s concept. The previous Ayu’s concept is still difficult in operating the water
outcome, and different with Raymond’s concept that is more considering the
mechanism.

41
 Figure 2.15 Combination of Ayu and Raymond
‘’s
After the prototyping, the concept is really changed from sem-automatic into
automatic system. Our group considers that one tube is more effecient for
customers and for us in buying the dynamo. The result of concept is shown on
Figure 2.16.

Figure 2.16 The Revision Concept

Because the automatic system uses one tube so that the bucket for dryer is located
inside the washing machine, later the bucket can be dislodged and assembly again
manually. There is cusion on the top washing machine, so that the customer can
use it as the chair too.

42
2.8 Concept Testing
Concept testing is stage in product development process where a detailed
description of a product (and of its attributes and benefits) is presented to
prospective customers or users, to assess their attitudes and intentions toward the
product. This step do a quality check between the description of an idea and actual
product development. A variety of approaches are available for concept testing.
All methods involve a group of potential consumers rating one or more concept
statements in which each concept is presented with specific focus on consumer
needs or benefits. Concept testing also the process of evaluating likely customer
response to a product idea prior to its introduction into the market. Seen through a
jobs-to-be-done lens, the goal of concept testing is to validate that a product
concept is better than competing solutions at helping customers get a job done. To
make this determination, we must know what metrics the customers use to
measure the successful execution of the job-to-be-done.

The target market of mini washing machine is focused on people that live at
kosan, household that needs washing machine also our target. The advantages of
mini washing machine are safe space that good for people that have small room,
low watt washing machine, portable because it’s small, cheaper than regular
washing machine and easy to carry. In our presentation in class, the classmate will
act as the buyers and give their opinion, feedback, comment, and suggestion about
our product. The input of mini washing machine :
1. Make sure the water will not leaked to the dynamo.
2. Try to make two way direction of dynamo spin, not only one direction.
3. Maximize washing machine capacity of clothes.
4. The material should light and not heavy.

After we do presentation, we get some input and we will consider it as

improvement and suggestion to our product. The next week is presenting the mini
prototype and different concept which is automatic washing machine, and then the
mini prototype is shown on Figure 2.13.

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 Figure 2.13 Mini Prototype
After the presentation of protoype, the input of mini washing machine :
1. Make sure the water does not go out to dynamo.
2. Do not add cushion on the top of washing machine, because the bottom
parts will not be stroung enough to stand still.
3. Make sure that one dynamo can rotate two directions for washing and one
direction for dryer.
4. Make sure the bucket for dryer is easy to be operated for the customers.

2.9 Product Architecture

Product architecture is the assignment by which the functional elements of the
product are arranged into physical chunks and how the chunks interact. The
purpose of the product architecture is to define the basic physical building blocks
of the product in terms of what they do and what their interfaces are to the rest of
the device.

A product can be thought of in both functional and physical terms. The functional
elements of a product are the individual operations and transformations that
contribute to the overall performance of product. The physical elements of a
product are the parts, components, and subassembles that ultimately implement
the product’s functions. The physical elements of a product are typically
organized into several major physical building clocks, which call chunks. Each
chunck is then made up of collection of components that implement the functions
of a product.

44
Figure 2.14 The Product Structure of Mini Washing Machine

45
Based on Figure 2.14, Mini Washing Machine consists three chuncks which are
propeller, basket for washing, basket for dryer, and dynamo and base. The chunks
of propeller consist of some components and part which are circle base part (made
from aluminum), iron blades, and connector components, the parts of connector or
the level 3 of connector are bolt, nut, and plastic cup.

For the chunks of basket for washing consists of two parts and one components,
which are part bucket and cover for washing machine, and components blender
shield to protect not coming out the washing machine. The blender shieled consist
of rubber base part, connector and blade base, the connector consists of bolt, nut,
and plastic cap.

For the basket for dryer chunks consist of buscket and connector components,
same as previous conncetor consist of bolt, nut, and plastic cap. Dynamo and base
chunks consist of connector components, capacitor components, timer part, cable
components, dynamo components and dynamo cantilever components. Capacitor
consists of button and case, cable consists of wire and shield part, dynamo
consists wire and case, dynao cantilever consists of nut and fiber.

2.10 Industrial Design

Industrial design is creation and development of concepts and specifications
aimed at optimizing the functions, value, and appearance of products, sttructure,
and system. Industrial design is very critical because it has a big impact in
ergonomic aspect, and also aesthetic aspect. It is not only considering about the
physical design of the product, but also need to understand the visual, safety, and
convenience needs of the consumer as well as the technical requirements the
manufacturer needs to build and market the product at scale, and to make sure that
the design recommendations comply with all legal and regulatory requirements. In
that case, industrial design is also made in order to produce mini washing machine

46
2.10.1 Chunks of Mini Washing Machine
The mini washing machine consists of three main chunks; machine base,
propeller, and holed bucket for dryer.
1. Machine Base
The machine base consists of basin, dynamo, capacitor, cable, plug,
blender shield, timer machine for washer and dryer, and timer machine for
washer and dryer For the basin, the function is to maintain all the
machines and separate it with the bucket. In the basin, the dynamo,
capacitor, and timer machines will be assembled as one. For the dynamo, 2
phased AC dynamo with 60 watt is used. The capacitor is needed to help
the dynamo rotate in two-way (for washing) and one-way (for drying)
direction. The timer buttons then also will be assembled but it will be
attached in front of the basin, as well as the cable and plugs. There are two
timer machines; for activating the washer and for activating the dryer.
After the machines are assembled as one, the big bucket will be assembled
to the basin, to become the machine base. The overall height of the
machine base after assemble is 47 cm. The basin height is 15 cm with 30
cm diameter.

15 cm

Figure 2.15 Side View of Base

d = 30
cm

Figure 2.16 Top View of Base

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 Figure 2.17 The Button of Machine Base

2. Basket for Washing

There are two drawings of basket for washing components which are the
bucket with blender shield and the cover for washing machine. The
function of the big bucket is for washer. The 6big
cmbucket will be attached

with blender shield to prevent the water leaked into the machine. The big
bucket dimension is shown on Figure 2.18 and 2.19.

d = 40 cm
Figure 2.18 Top View of Big Bucket

33 cm

Figure 2.19 Side View of Big Bucket

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 d = 40cm

Figure 2.20 Cover for Washing Machine

3. Propeller
Propeller helps the water rotate inside the washing machine. For the
propeller, it is made by using can lid an unused iron. One can lid an four
unused irons are used. The unused irons are attached to the can lid,
forming a plus (+) shape. In the center of the propeller, there is a nut
attached to help the propeller attach tightly to the machine. The can lid
diameter is 28 cm and the iron is length is 14 cm.

d = 28 cm

Figure 2.21 Propeller

4. Holed Bucket for Dryer

Holed bucket helps the drying activity of the clothes. The holed bucket for
the dryer is basically a regular bucket that is manually holed, the
dimension of holed bucket is shown on Figure 2.22.

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 22 cm

d = 26cm
Figure 2.22 Dryer Basket

2.10.2 Assembly Result of Mini Washing Machine

After all the parts are made, then the mini washing machine can be assembled.
There are two ways in assembling the parts of mini washing machine; for washer
and dryer technology.
1. Washer technology
To make the machine function as it should be – washing clothes, the
propeller need to be attached to the machine so that the water will be rotate
and helps the washing activity. The propeller is attached to the machine
using the nut so that the propeller will attach tightly to the machine.

Figure 2.23 Front and Rear View of Mini Washing Machine

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 Figure 2.24 Top Side View of Mini Washing Machine

2. Dryer Technology
To make the machine function as dryer, the holed bucket need to be
attached to the machine so that it will help the drying activity. The holed
bucket is attached to the propeller.

Figure 2.25 The Drying Assembly Technology

2.11 Design for Environment

In developing Mini Washing Machine, the company does not only consider about
the function of the product but also the company has to consider the materials that
will be used to make Mini Washing Machine, and the impact to environment.
Mini Washing Machine can use recycle thing to be part of components so that it
can be eco-friendly, morever Mini Washing Machine can use low electric.

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Figure 2.16 The Product Structure of Mini Washing Machine

52
From diagram that has been shown on Figure 2.26. There are some parts of Mini
Washing Machine that can be recycled and not. When Mini Washing Machine
cannot be used again, the part that can still be useful are:
1. The basket for dryer and basket for washing can be used into another
handycraft that is compotent for home industry such as lamp from plastic,
etc.
2. The nut, nolt, circle base of propeller, iron blades, and other metal can be
recyled. It can be crushed and squeezed and then converted into sheets.
After that the sheets will be melted inside the large furnace and it will be
formed into a new shapes.

2.12 Design for Manufacturing

Customer needs and product specifications are useful for guiding the concept
phase of product development; however, during the later development activities
teams often have difficulty linking needs and specifications to the specific design
issues they face. Design for manufacturing is the art of designing a product so
they are easy to manufacture and reduce its manufacturing costs without
sacrificing product quality. The purpose of design for manufacturing is reducing
manufacturing cost while simultaneously improving product quality, development
time, and development cost. So, not only the design for esthetic aspect, but the
design for manufacturing is also important. For Mini Washing Machine, the
dseign of manufacturing are:
1. The estimation of manufacturing cost will be IDR 300,000 (include
dynamo IDR 50,000, materials for cable timer etc IDR 50,000 and other
things like case and dryer, man power, machines, etx)
2. In the reality the production of case will be cheaper since, the industry can
make own bucket and basket. For the watt of dynamo can be higher than
protype is about 100-200 Watt, so the dynamo can wash 1-5 clothes.
3. In the reality, the shield will not use blender shield but other shield that is
more stronger and water proof (make own by the industry).
4. The propeller will not be sharp like prototype and it is better using plastic
since metal materials can rusty.

53
 5. For the basket for dryer the connector between the base propeller and
basket will be easier since the nut and bolt will be completed in industry
not like DIY process of protyping.

After the group makes the prototype, there are some obstacles happen, the
obstacles are:
1. There is no two phase dynamo which has 100-200 Watt capacity but can
rotate two directions and one direction.
2. The materials of the basket is difficult to be found.
3. The materials for the propeller is also difficult to be found.
4. The connector between dryer basket and blade phase is difficult to be
assemblied since there is no properl connector.

2.13 Company Profile

Figure 2.7 Company’s Logo

The company’s name is iWash, the letter “i” stands for the inovation which
hopefully the products that come from iWash can give the innovation through
household applications. Wash comes from English letter, since the company is
focused on washing household.

This company was established since September 2017 by five members of

President University students which are Ayu Rizki, Rianita Savira, Raymond
Evan, Lyu Guoqiang, and Vivian Tanady. The founders of iWash are Industrial

54
Engineering students batch 2015. The founders are still less experience and
knowledge about business and washing applications but the members are
commitment in running the iWash company in full of creativity, innovation, and
improvement. Hopefully iWash can be extended into big company and can gve
big contribution into the innovation of industry world.

Washing Machine symbol of our main product which is Mini Washing Machine,
it means that our focus on making washing machine. Blue color means
trustworthy and loyalty, it means our company can be trusted among customer in
having high quality of product.

2.14 Product Profile

Mini Washing Machine is a washing machine that can help people who live in
small house in washing their clothes. Mini Washing Machine or MWM is
occupied with dryer so the customers do not need to dry their clothes manually.
Mini word means the size of washing machine will be smaller than other washing
machine outside there. Mini Washing Machine has low electric power usage, the
customers can save the energy and absolutely it is eco-friendly, moreover the
price of Mini Washing Machine in affordable.

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 CHAPTER THREE
PROTOTYPING

3.1 Protoype
Prototype is a preliminary model of something, from which other forms are
developed or copied. In this case, a product prototype is needed. The team
creating the prototype of the product based on the concept that had been created.
Prototyping is the making of a representation of a solution to a design problem in
such a way that a user can experience it. Prototypes are not meant to function but
rather to let users interact with them so as to provide feedback. Prototyping is a
crucial part of iterative design processes, design thinking, and user-centered
design. It is commonly used to evaluate a new design to enhance precision by
system analysts and users, to provide specifications for a real, working system
rather than a theoretical one.

A prototype is not the final product. Prototype will be different with the final
product, from the material, cost, size, but the prototype used to evaluate and
prototyping is an integral part of design thinking and user experience design in
general because it allows us to test our ideas quickly and improve on them in an
equally timely fashion. The team had brainstormed to find the best way in the
making of prototype. In prototyping the teams had some restrictions and below
are the explanation of each restriction aspects along with the solutions to adjust
those conditions:
1. Material of the product
The overall material in making the prototype is basically almost the same
with the material that is expected to be used in the actual product. The only
difference is in the quality of the material. In the prototype, the bucket for
the washing is polypropylene, while in the actual product the expected
material is pvc (polyvinyl chloride), plastic since it is strong, light, and
heat resistant. It is also safe for recycle. For the basin, the material is
polypropylene and the expected material is also the same with the bucket,
which is pvc. The team ended up using polypropylene for the material

56
 because of the time limitation for looking the material is not enough, since
the team should start making the prototype because it takes much time. For
the propeller, the material is a used can lid, which is a tinplate. There is a
possibility that the tinplate will be rusty if being stucked continuously by
water. The expected material for the actual product is light steel that will
be coated with stainless coating, which is Galvalume to prevent the steel
become rusty or it can use plastic material such as pvc so the clothes will
not be damaged. The reason why the team ended up using the used can lid
is also because the time limitation problem. For the dynamo, 2 phase AC
dynamo with 60 watt is used to make the prototype. Instead of using the
60 watt one, the team should’ve used the 150 watt for the actual product
because the 60 watt dynamo is not strong enough to rotate the water. The
reason is also the same, because of the time limitation to look for the
expected dynamo, and also the budget limitation problem.
2. Time
Since there is a time limitation in making the prototype, the team ended up
using the material that can be found nearby, but still can work as good as
the expected material for the actual product even though there is a slightly
difference in the quality. The team also do not go to the vendor, instead the
team ask help from relatives that have an enough knowledge in realizing
the prototype, so the team is able to always ask and control the process of
making the prototype in order to realizing the prototype in time. With the
help of the relatives, the team is reducing the time to look for vendor.
3. Money
There is also budget limitation that have already set by the lecturer – Mrs.
Andira, which is IDR 1,000,000. The team manage to spend the money
below the budget buy using cheaper material but having almost the same
quality with the expected material for actual product and not using vendor,
but instead the team ask for help to the relatives.
4. Manufacturing
Since the prototype made with material polythylene for the bucket and
basin, so the design of Mini Washing Machine for the prototype will be

57
 less different. The blade of prototype will be different with the actual, the
prototype blade is still sharp for clothes, and in the actual the blades will
be softer and not damaging the clothes. The blade in prototype is still not
coated with anti-water but in the acual the blade will be coated so it will
not be rusty.

To create the prototype, three dimensional version is essential. Therefore, the

team going through some process in order to realizing the three dimensional
version. In the process, the team is able to determine developments in order to
make a better prototype that will be delivered to the customers in the future. The
three dimensional version will show the real mechanism of the product to create a
vision of how the product will turn out. The process of creating the three
dimensional version will be explained below:
1. Brainstorming Process
After doing the steps of determining customer need and what specification
that match the customer need, the team do a brainstorming process about
the features of the washing machine that is necessary to be added to the
product to satisfy the customer needs. The team focused on the function of
the washing machine, about the realization of washer and dryer technology
of the washing machine but in a small size. Besides discussing with the
team, the group also ask for critics and suggestions from the lecturer –
Mrs. Andira and fellow college students to be considered in realizing the
mini washing machine. After all the things needed are considered with
certainty, the group ask for Mrs. Andira approval and then the group
started to realizing the prototype of the product.
2. Gathering Critics and Suggestions
Mrs. Andira has approved the product, and the team is able to start
producing the prototype. The team then do several research in what
material should be used and how to make the washing machine function as
it should be – washer with a two-way direction rotating system and dryer
with a one-way direction rotating system. After all the materials are

58
 considered, the team started to find where to buy the materials and how to
realize it.
3. Simulaion Prototype
Before the team buy the materials and make the real prototype, the team
make a simulation prototype first. The simulation prototype is made to
help the team translating what the team need and expected in the prototype
because the team doesn’t have enough knowledge to realizing the
prototype by themselves. The team make the simulation protoype using
the unused stuffs such as an unused water bottle, unused dynamo from car
toy, unused food can, and unused charger cable. The ratio of the
simulation prototype is 1:5 from the actual prototype. The team is able to
present the mechanism to the knowledgable person by showing the
simulation prototype so that the person will have the vision of the product
and help the team realizing it.

Figure 3.1 Simulation Prototype of Mini Washing Machine

4. 3D Drawing
Simulation protype is not enough to translate the team expectation.
Therefore, the team created a 3D drawing. 3D drawing is also an important
aspect in realizing the prototype since it shows the details of the products
as what the initiators of idea wants. The 3D drawing is made using CATIA
software. The team created the 3D drawing in an actual size and actual
mechanism. Figure 3.2 shows the 3D drawing of mini washing machine.

59
 Figure 3.2 3D Drawing of Mini Washing Machine

5. Deliver the Idea to the Knowledgable Person

After the simulation prototype and the 3D drawing already made, both the
simulation prototypen and the 3D drawing are shown to the knowledgable
person that know how to make the washing machine mechanism. The
person is Om Hakim, which is the relative of one of the team. Om Hakim
helps the team in deciding the dynamo that should be used in realizing the
one-way and two-way direction mechanism. Om Hakim also accompany
the team in buying the materials, to make sure that the materials that the
team picked is able to be work with in realizing the prototype. The overall
budget spend by the team to purchase the materials are IDR 425,000.
6. Prototype Making Process
After all the materials are collected, Om Hakim started to make the
prototype with the team guidance. The team control the process routinely
to make sure that the prototype turn out as what the team expected. The
prototype making process is approximately done for more than a week.
After the prototype is done, the team decided to pay Om Hakim’s service.
It costs IDR 300,000. Figure 3.3 shows the prototype of mini wahsing
machine.

60
 Figure 3.3 Prototype of Mini Washing Machine

3.2 Product Development Economics

There are two analysis in conducting the product development economic process.
The analysis are quantitative and qualitative. Both analysis are done to simulation
prototype and real prototype.
1. Simulation Prototype
a. Quantitative Analysis
For simulation prototype, all the materials that used are basically
unused materials – unused water bottle, unused can, dynamo from
car toy, and unused charger cable. The simulation prototype cost
the team IDR 0. The process making of the simulation prototype
can be considered as a fast process since it was done for
approximately 3-5 hours.
b. Qualitative Analysis
The simulation prototype was made by the team. The material used
are unused materials. The ratio of the actual prototype with the
simulation prototype is 1:5. This process is done to help the team
translate the expected mechanism of the machine to the
knowledgable person that help the team realizing the prototype.

61
2. Prototype
a. Quantitative Analysis
For the real prototype, the team bought several materials. The
details of the cash outflow of the budget spend by the team to buy
the materials are shown in table 3.1

Table 3.1 Cash Outflow of Mini Washing Machine Prototype

Cash Outflow
Payment Activity Price
Caps, bolt, nut, cable IDR 100,000
Dynamo IDR 110,000
Timer IDR 40,000
Knop IDR 10,000
Glue IDR 5,000
Poly IDR 18,000
Machine for Cutting IDR 20,000
Basin IDR 14,000
Bucket for Dryer IDR 38,000
Bucket for Washing IDR 18,000
Glue Gun IDR 27,000
Water Cap IDR 5,000
Blender Shield IDR 20,000
Om Hakim’s Service IDR 300,000
Total Outflow IDR 725,000

The team then sum up all the price of the payment activity and
divided the total into five. IDR 725,000 divided by 5 and get the
value of IDR 145,000. Therefore, each team member pay IDR
145,000. The total cash inflow is IDR 725,000. After the cash
inflow and the cash outflow are calculated, the net present value
can be calculated. In order to find the net present value, cash

62
 inflow minus with the cash outflow. It means that IDR 725,000
minus with IDR 725,000. Therefore the net present value is IDR 0.
b. Qualitative Analysis
Because the team does not have enough knowledge in realizing the
prototype, the team asked help from the knowledgable person,
which is Om Hakim – the realtive of one of the team. Om Hakim
help the team in finding the appropriate material in to realize the
mechanism of the washer and the dryer, with one-way and two-
way direction of rotating system. Om Hakim and the team is able
to make the mechanism of the product as it should be, but
unfortunately the dynamo is not strong enough. The rotation
strength do not maximum when there is water in the bucket. But all
and all, the team is succesfully realizing the product with the
expected form and mechanism.

63
 CHAPTER FOUR
HOUSE OF QUALITY

The house of quality, a part of QFD, identifies and classifies customer desires,
identifies the importance of those desires, identifies engineering characteristics
which may be relevant to those desires, correlates the two, allows for verification
of those correlations, and then assigns objectives and priorities for the system
requirements. This process can be applied at any system composition level (e.g.
system, subsystem, or component) in the design of a product, and can allow for
assessment of different abstractions of a system. The house of quality can be seen
in figure 4.2 and 4.3. Table 4.1 shows the legend that is used for House of
Quality.

Table 4.1 Legend of House of Quality

The comparison is done with five competitors. The competitors is shown on

Figure 4.1. The competitors are LG, Sharp, Toshiba, Samsung and Electrolux
automatic washing machine. There will be two house of quality, the first is for
prototype

Figure 4.1 The Competitors (LG, sharp, Toshiba, Samsung, Electrolux)

64
Figure 4.2 House of Quality of Prototype
65
Figure 4.3 House of Quality of Actual Product
66
After determining the house of quality, the benchmarking analysis can be made.
The benchmarking analysis is made based on the hous of quality of actual
product. Table 4.2 shows the benchmarking analysis of the actual product.

Table 4.2 Benchmarking Analysis of Actual Product

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 CHAPTER FIVE
CONCLUSION

In designing, developing and poducing the product, the producer should know the
steps to fo. There are six phases, which are planning concept development,
system-level design, detail design, testing and refinement and production rump
up. After the six phases has been throug, the step that will be conducted is
determining the concept develoment such as identifying the customer needs,
defining the product specifications, concept generations, concept selections,
concept testing, designing the architecture of product, industrial design, designing
for environment and manufactuting, benchmarking of competitive product,
modelling and prototyping.

The steps are conducted by 5 members of our group, the first is brainstorming to
get the list of ideas, and then the chosen high opportunity idea is Mini Washing
Machine. Mini Washing Machine target market is people who live in small place,
and then the next we conduct spesifications and identification of customer needs,
then brenchmarking to know the best competitors in market and the value of our
product. After knowing the result, conduct the design of the simple prototyping,
based on the first prototyping we analyzes the result that the mechanism should
be changed from semi-automatic into automatic. And then we design the CAD,
after doing the CAD, we know the best prototyping. And the result is Mini
Washing Machine can wash and dry in one tube, with two functions of
mechanism which rotates one direction for dryer and two directions for washer.
The mechanism of outcoming. There is bucket for drying that can be loaded and
unloaded.

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APPENDIX A

69