Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Cse PDF
Cse PDF
{ ⊂ ∈{ } }
{ ∈{ } }
{ ≥ }
{ { }}
$3 0 #
! " #
, 4# " 1
!"" # $%
$ 5 6 # "
$ " " %
57 6
& ' " '
& &
" $
& ( # $%
( ) $' 6 # 8 #
( )
) $ $* ) ) + $* )
( ) ! *' ) ∪ +! * + ", *$%+* ) $ ) *-$* )
) +!
$ " # #
#
$* # # , &-$*+*)* , +-*"
- !. / ! 0 & - )) +-*"
-1 . )) +-*"
/0"$*- )) +-*"
$ #
$2 0 # " #
! # "" $* !"" $*
# 1 1* '* , 1 * ,
$$ ( "
) 30 $* " #*"
45!/ #*" 8*9')$ :) ", *$%+
* " - * , 0- $% 0) , # $% $ 6" :) ", *$%+
) $ ; *+:) ", *$%+
- $*$* $ ) $ < )% "":) ", *$%+
$(
( =# 5 > ? → ? @ !
! )$ $ $ $ -
@ 5!
1 ,* " )$ , 0 *$
# , &% '
6*" *) 0)0 "" " $*"
#, & %'
!"" # $%
= $%
( # $%
(* 8
( , !
# 1
# : "
( − 2) A2B C2
( )
2
(2 8 5 4# &" , &
, 2* 2* # 2 & &
7: 1
($ #
* $ ) 30 $* "
(3 0 # # + - "" "
" " 1
5$ ' 5 $ (( 6
1*)$ 70 0 $% .;> $% $ $ * ) )- * " , )) 0 $
"
( 6 , # ;- 2$ " # )% $ "" "
*$% $% .;> 2$ " # )%
$ ""
( # $% ( # $%
2*3 D # - ?
2*( ,
+ + * $ # # 5 5 -@8
)- * " * ) $ " -% "* ) " 5#
* " # #
2* 8 A2 ! E, # #
" 3'**
# 2 !1
22* D # #
$ -B $$ +B0-
2*' E 7 7 " " + $ # * ,* ,
- + + * C+
*
# * 3
30* - *"*$
- C- C3 - C- C3 .
$ 2! . " $* 5 5
C3 -
- C- C3 - C- C3
- ×
-
− ( − -) ( − 3)
− × ( 3! ; !0= ; ! ; = C ; !=
; = C
;= C