Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Lesson 1.1
Integration by parts
• Useful for integrands involving products of
algebraic and transcendental functions.
Examples:
Integration by parts
Idea of integration by parts : differentiate products.
dy du dv
If y uv , v u
where u and v are both
functions of x.
dx dx dx
d (uv) du dv
Substituting for y; v u
dx dx dx
Integrating both sides with respect to x;
d (uv) du dv
dx dx dx
v dx dxdx ,
u
uv vdu udv
udv uv vdu
Integration by parts
FORMULA FOR INTEGRATION BY PARTS.
u dv uv vdu
L I A T E
L : Logarithmic functions; Examples: ln(x), log2(x), etc.
I : Invers trigo functions; Examples: tan-1(x), sin-1(x), etc.
A : Algebraic functions; Examples: x, 3x2, etc.
T : Trigo functions; Examples: tan(x), cos(x), sin(x), , etc.
E : Exponential functions; Examples: ex , 2x , etc.
Integration by parts
u dv uv vdu Be familiar with the
formula
Example 1 Example 2
Find dx
x e x Find x sin x dx
e dt
2 t
Find t
u t2 dv et dt u 2t dv et dt
du 2tdt v et du 2dt v et
u dv uv vdu dt
t t t
2te dt 2te 2e
2tet 2et
dt
2 t 2 t t
t e dt t e 2te
)C
2 t 2 t t t
t e dt t e ( 2te 2e
Repeat integration by part
Example 4 Example 5
ln x Find ln x dx
2
Find dx x
u ln x dv dx u ln x dv x 2 dx
1 1 x3
du dx v x du dx v
x x 3
udv uv vdu udv uv vdu
1 x3 x3 1
x ln x x dx ln x dx
x 3 3 x
x ln x dx x3 1 2 x3 1 x3
ln x x dx ln x C
x ln x x C 3 3 3 3 3
x3 x3
ln x C
3 9
Example 6
sin x dx
x
e
x e
Find sin x dx
e x sin x e x cos xdx
u sin x dv e dx x
e x sin x e x cos x e x sin xdx
du cos xdx ve x e x sin x e x cos x e x sin xdx
cos xdx
x x x
e sin x dx e sin x e So, 2 e x sin xdx e x sin x e x cos x
Repeat integration by part e x sin x e x cos x
e sin xdx C
x
u cos x dv e x dx 2
du sin xdx v ex
REMARK 3:
e cos x dx e cos x e sin xdx
x x x
Sometimes a repeated application of
integration by parts leads back to an
e x cos x e x sin xdx integral similar to our original one. If so,
this expression can be combined with
original integral.
Same as original integral
Example 7
Find e x cos 3x dx
u cos 3x dv e x dx
du 3 sin 3xdx v ex
cos 3x dx
x
e
sin x dx uv vdu
x
e
e x cos 3x 3 e x sin 3x 3 e x cos 3xdx
e x cos 3x 3 e x sin 3xdx
e x cos 3x 3e x sin 3x 9 e x cos 3xdx
Repeat integration by part
u sin 3x dv e x dx
du 3 cos 3xdx v ex So, 10 e x cos 3xdx e x cos 3x 3e x sin 3x
10
uv vdu
Same as original integral
e x sin 3x 3 e x cos 3xdx
Example 8
1
arcsin x dx uv vdu
Find arcsin x dx
0
x arcsin x 1 x 2
x arcsin x 1 x 2
u arcsin x dv dx 1
1 So, arcsin x dx
du dx v x 0
1 x
2
1
x arcsin x 1 x 2
1 12 0 arcsin 0 1 0 2
arcsin 1 1
x
x arcsin x dx
1 x 2
0.571
u 1 x2 du 2 xdx
x x du 1 12 1 12
1 x 2
dx
u 2 x
u du 2u
2 2
1
u 1 x 2
2
Example 10 Example 11
ln x 1
Find 2 dx
x
Find xln x
3
dx
1
2
u ln x dv x dx u 1
dv dx
ln x 3
x
1 1
du dx v 3 v ln x
x x du dx
xln x
4
uv vdu
ln x 3
uv vdu ln x dx
4
ln x 11
dx ln x 3
xln x
x x x
1 1
ln x 2 xln x
ln x ln x 1 3 dx
x
x 2 dx 3
x x
ln x 1 1 1
C 2 dx
xln x ln x 2
3
x x
1 1
xln x 3 dx
2ln x
2
C