712 First Muslim, Muhammad Bin Qasim defeats Raja Dahir, king of Sindh Region in

modern-day Pakistan
1000 Invasion of Mahmud of Ghazni
1021 Mahmud Ghazni defeats Tarnochalpal and annexes Punjab
1025 Last invasion of Mahmud Ghazni, sacked and destroyed temple of Somnath. He marches
an army across an Indian desert to destroy a great temple at Somnath, killing - it is said -
some 50,000 Hindus
1030 Alberuni arrives in India; death of Mahmud of Ghazni
1175 Muhammad of Ghor invades India
1191 First battle of Tarain between Mohammad Ghori and Prithviraj. Ghori is defeated by
Prithviraj Chauhan III.
1192 Second battle of Tarain between Mohammad Ghori and Prithviraj Chauhan III. Ghori
defeated Prithviraj Chauhan.
1194 Battle of Chandawar fought between Mohammad of Ghor and Jaichand (Jayachandra
also Rai of Banaras) of Kannauj. Ghori’s army led by Qutb al-Din Aibak. defeated
Jayachandra and killed him.
1206 15th March  Muhammad of Ghor was assassinated while offering his evening prayers.
Who killed him is not known. It might have been by Hindu Khokhars or Ismāʿīlīs.
Mu'izz ad-Din Muhammad Ghori (Persian: ‫)معز الدین محمد غوری‬, born Shihab ad-Din (1149 –
March 15, 1206), also known as Muhammad of Ghor, was Sultan of the Ghurid Empire along
with his brother Ghiyath ad-Din Muhammad from 1173 to 1202 and as the sole ruler from 1202
to 1206. He laid the foundation of Muslim rule in the Indian subcontinent, which lasted for
several centuries.
1206 12th June Qutb-ud-din Aibak establishes slave Dynasty (Mamluk Dynasty) became first
sultan of Delhi Sultanate.
He built the Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque (started 1193), Qutub Minar in Delhi and  Adhai
Din Ka Jhonpra (1192-1199) in Ajmer.
1210 Qutb-ud-din Aibak died of injuries during an accidental fall from a horse while playing
polo and is buried in Lahore near Anarkali Bazaar.
1210 Aram Shah succeded Qutb-ud-din Aibak as second sultan of slave dynasty
1211 Shams ud-Din Iltutmish son-in-law of Qutub-ud-din Aibak became third sultan of slave
dynasty by assassinating Aram Shah. He formed a council of forty Turkish nobles
(Chilanghan).
1221 Genghis Khan invades Punjab during rule of Iltutmish
1236 Iltutmish died, on his death-bed, he nominated his daughter Razia as his heiress. But,
Razia did not have support of the nobles of the court, who did not want a woman ruler.
Iltutmish was buried in the Qutb complex in Mehrauli. Iltutmish's eldest surviving
son, Rukn-ud-din Firuz was raised to the throne (4th Sultan from May 1236-November
1236).  Firuz was deposed within six months.
1236 10th November rule of 5th sultan Razia Sultana daughter of Iltutmish.
1240 14th October Murder of Razia Sultan by Turkish nobles.(Chalisa)
1242 Ala-ud-din Masud (1242-1246) became the seventh Sultan
1246 Nasir-ud-din Mahmud became the eighth Sultan, who had the titular name of Nasir-ud-
din Feroze Shah and reigned from 1246 to 1266.  Ghias-ud-din-Balban became his
Deputy Sultan (Naib).
1266 The ninth Sultan Ghiyath-ud-din Balban reigned from 1266 to 1287. Balban ruled with an
iron fist. He broke up the 'Chahalgani', a group of the forty most important nobles in the
court.
1287 Muiz-ud-din Muhammad Qaiqabad became tenth and final sultan.
1290 End of slave dynasty. Muiz-ud-din Muhammad Qaiqabad murdered by Jalaluddin Firuz
Khalji, an army commander.
1290 Jalal-ud-din Khilji (1290-1296). Founder of Khiliji Dynasty
1309 Alauddin Khalji sends Malik Kafur to South. Malik Kafur Lays siege on the Kakatiya
Capital Warangal and Extracts Tribute. The diamond Kohinoor was among the loot
collected.
1351 Samma Dynasty assumes rule over Sindh
1451 19th April Bahlul Khan Lodhi ascends the throne of the Delhi sultanate starting the Lodhi
dynasty.
1468 15th April the founder of Sikhism Guru Nanik born.
1498 20th May Vasco de Gama's first voyage from Europe to India
1503 Kingdom of Cochin is taken over by the Portuguese creating the first European
settlement in India.
1739: 13 February Battle of Karnal Nadir Shah of Persia invades Mughal Empire

1751–52: Ahmed Shah Abdali annexes Punjab to his kingdom