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    17 views3 pages

    10

    Uploaded by

    Dhruv Agrawal
    Fvn v

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3
    236 6, POWER FLOW ANALYSIS Line impedances converted to admittances are 4n2 = 10 — j20, y13 = 10 — 430, and ys = 16 — 732, This results in the bus admittance matrix Yous 10+ 520 26-552 -16 + 532 20~ 50 ~10+j20 ~10 +530 10+ 730 -16-+532 26 — j62 Converting the bus admittance matrix to potar form with angles in radian yields 22.3000822.U844 58.13777Z—1.1071 — 35.7770922.0344 53.85165/—1.9029 22.36068/2.0344 —31.62278/1.8925 i Yous = 31.6227821.8925 35.7770922.034467.23095/—1.1737 From (6.52) and (6.53), the expressions for real power at bus 2 and 3 and the reactive power at bus 2 are Pa = |ValIVill¥a1| cos (821 — 52 + 51) + [V2 |I¥a| cos 2a + IValVall¥as] cos(B2s — 52 + 6) Ps = |Val[Vill¥s1l cos(Oa1 — 52 + 61) + [Val]Vall¥sa] c0s(8s2 — 5a + 62) + |V3I¥aa| cos O33 Qa = ~|VallVill¥ai|sin(02y — 53 + 64) ~ [V2 I|¥on| sin Ong — [ValIVall¥2s] sin(02a — 62 + 63) Elements of the Jacobian matrix are obtained by taking partial derivatives of the above equations with respect to 6, 53 and |Val OP, Big = IWallVall¥ol sin(Onn ~ b+ 64) + IVlIValI¥al ssin(623 — 63 + ds) Pe = —vilva¢at sin tay ~ By +63) OP, Bfve| ~ Vil¥ash xs(0a1 ~ b+ ds) + 2IVallVal cos Oa + Wallis cca(Oen~ ba +6) ar, Big, = ~WallVally2|sin(¢s2 — 05 + d2) ai Fee = WAV sn ~ +65) + eV sin(@32 — 55 + 6.) SP = W5llVnl cos en — fy +63) aval 6.10, NEWTON-RAPHSONPOWER FLOW SOLUTION 237 a Qt = hv cola — fa -+ 51) + Walla c0s(Bag — 52 + 6s) 22 «ivan cola ~ +5) Q2 _ _ _ ae al —|Vil|¥au| sin (G21 — 52 + 61) — 2|Vel|¥oo| sin Be [Vall¥as| sin(@23 ~ 52 + 63) ‘The load and generation expressed in per units are woh _ _ (400 + 5250) 8 Spt = = 40-925 po ch _ 200 Poh = 5 = 2.0 pu The slack bus voltage is Vj — 1.0520 pu, and the bus 3 voltage magnitude is [Val = 1.04 pu. Starting with an initial estimate of [VA] = 1.0, 6? = 0.0, and 6{°) = 0.0, the power residuals are computed from (6.63) and (6.64) APL = pst — pl = 4.0 — (-1.14) = -2.8600 APO) = pyr. PO = (0.5616) = 1.4384 QL) = Q3% — QW? = -2.5 — (-2.28) = -0.2200 Evaluating the elements of the Jacobian matrix with the initial estimate, the set of linear equations in the fist iteration becomes 2.8600 54.28000 —33.28000 24.86000] [ agi 1.4384 | = | -33.28000 66.0400 -16.64000 | | Aa 0.2200 27.4000 16.6400 49.7200 | | alv{ Obtaining the solution of the above matrix equation, the new bus voltages in the first iteration are 60) = -0.045263 62) = 0+ (—0.045263) = -0.045263 AG = 0.007718 68) = 0+ (-0.007718) = —0.007718 AV: = 0.020518 vf) = 1+ (0.020548) — 0.97046 Voltage phase angles are in radians. For the second iteration, we have 0.099218, 1.724675 —31.765618 2.302567 ] [ vg) 0.021715 | = | —32.981642 65.656383 -15.379086 a6) 0.050914 —28.538577 17.402838 48.103580 | | Alvs) 238 6, POWER FLOW ANALYSIS 0.001795 6 56 = —0,000985 = Aly = 0.001767 |v?) For the third iteration, we have 0.045263 + (0.001795) = -0.04706 0.007718 + (—0.000985) = -0.00870 0.973451 + (0.001767) = 0.971684 —0.000216 51.595701 —31.693866 —21.147447 Ase) 0.000038 | = | -32.933865 65.597585 -15.351628 | | As”) -o.o0n43 | | oxsasons 17 208092 —arosas7o | | lv? and 46% = —0.000038 0.047058 + (—0.0000038) = —0.04706 46,” = —0.0000024 9000024) = U.008705 Alvs?| = -0.0000044 —_|v{| = 0.971684 1 ( 0.000044) = 0.97168 The solution converges in 3 iterations with a maximum power mismatch of 2.5 x 10~4 with Vo = 0.97168/—2.696° and V; = 1.04/—0.4988°. From (6.52) and (6.53), the expressions for reactive power at bus 3 and the slack bus real and reac- tive powers are Qs = —|VallVill¥ax] sin(O51 ~ 63 + 61) ~ |Val|Vall¥sal sin(8a2 — 53 + 52) — |Vs[?|¥as| sin O33 Pi = [MAP*I¥} cos #11 + |VallVolI¥ial co5(012 ~ 5; + 82) + IMilIVsl [¥is|eos(01s ~ 5 + 53) IVil?[¥i4| sin Ona ~ [V4 IValf¥inl sin(Oyo — 64 + 52) — IVillVal MMislsin(@is — 61 + 43) Upon substitution, we have Qo ~ 14617 pu P= 2.1842 pu Qi = 1.4085 pu Finally, the line flows are calculated in the same manner as the line flow calcula tions in the Gauss-Seidel method described in Example 6.7, and the power flow

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