ME211: Machine Drawing

Theory for assignment = 5

The objectives of this assignments: (1) Knowing about the different types of threaded fasteners i.e., nut and bolts.
(2) Their standard way of dimensioning (3) you should be able to draw various views of them during assembly
drawing, given their dimensions.

Square bolt and nut

Hexagonal bolt and nut

A threaded fastener is a screwed machine element used to fasten parts of a machine or structure that needs
frequent disassembling reassembling. Bots and nuts are commonly used threaded fasteners. A screw is a
cylindrical or conical rod with a helical groove cut into its surface. Its function is to transform rotational motion to
translation. A screw thread is a continuous helical ridge formed by cutting a helical groove on cylindrical or conical
shank. Bolt comprises of the head at one end and a threaded portion over a cylindrical shank at the other end.
Bolts and nuts of various types are used. Except for the thickness, the geometry of the nut and the bolt head are in
general similar. The sharp hexagon or square corners of the bolt head and nut are removed by chamfering
conically at 300 to the flat end face of the bolt head or nut. The following figure shows various terms associated
with the portion of the thread length. The diagram is self-explanatory.

In the portion of the thread length, different shapes of screw thread are used. The most
common are V-threads and Square threads. These are also shown in the figure
(Right). Fig (a) is a profile of ISI (Indian Standards Institution) recommended ISO metric
V-thread. Threads are also classified as Right-hand and Left-hand threads depending
on the motion of the nut as shown in self-explanatory figure below. Unless otherwise
stated RH threads are assumed.

Right-Hand(RH) and Left-Hand(LH) Threads

Note: Even when the section planes pass through the longitudinal axes of the machine parts such as
shafts, bolts, studs, screws, washers, nuts, rivets, keys, pins, gib, cotters, webs etc., they are not hatched.