CHAPTERITHEPROBLEM ANDI

TSBACKGROUNDI
ntr
oduct
ion

Throughoutthedecade, t
heuseoft echnol ogyhassi gni fi
cant l
yi mpr oved.Inf act,therear e
manyt echnol
ogi esinv entedtohelpusi nourdai lyli
v essuchast ocommuni cateoneper sont o
another,andi
tai dsust oeaseourst udies/works.Ther efore,mostoft hepeopl erel yonthei r
l
ivesintechnology .Oneoft hemostusedt echnologyi st hecel l
phone.Acel l
phonei sadev i
ce
usedt ocommuni cate,streamingofsoci almedi a,togetl imi t
lessi nformationandal otofot her
functi
ons.Cellphoneshav ealsohar mf ul ef
fectsnotonl yonheal thbutal soonacademi c
perfor
mance.I nt hi
sr esearch,theresear cherswi ll
findoutt hel evel ofpercept i
onofseni orhigh
studentsontheef f
ectsofusi ngcel l
phonest otheacademi cper f
or manceatSt .Loui sede
Mar i
ll
acSchool ofBul ant hroughstat i
sticalanalysi
sofoursur vey.Thei mpor t
anceoft hi
sst udy
i
st ofindoutiftheseni orhighst udentsusecel l
phonesef f
icientlybasedont heiracademi c
perfor
mance.Thedi scov eriesofthisst udywi l
lbenef itthet eacher sandst udentsbymoni tori
ng
theuseofmobi l
ephonesandt oknowhowt ousecel l
phonesef f
icientlyconsideringt hat
cell
phonesplayani mpor tantroleinlif
e.

Backgr
oundoft
heSt
udy

Thecel l phonehasbeenoneoft hequickestdevelopingadv ancement sandnecessi tiesinthe

worldt odat e.Itisani nventionthathasmadet het wenty-f
irstcentur
yt otall
ynotthesameas
someot heri nourhi story.Mobi l
edev i
cescanbeusedt oenhancecl assroom learning.Someof
theusef ul feat uresi ncludetheabi li
tytoaccessinformat i
on, r
ecorddat a,andcreatepodcast s
(Chartrand, 2007) .Theycanal sobeusedasawayt ogatherdat aforclassroom present at
ions
andenhancei nteract ivi
tyinlargeclassroom sett
ings( Scomav acca,Huf f
, andMarshal l2009),
andser v ingasanal t ernati
veto“ cl
ickers”usedinper sonalresponsesy stems( Pel
loweetal .
,
2014) .Itisal soat rendt hatmobi l
edevicesarereplacingtraditi
onaltoolssuchasdi cti
onaries,
ti
mer s,anddi git
al camer as.

St
atementoft
hePr
obl
em

Thisstudylookstoaddressthel evelofper
ceptionofseni orhighstudentsontheeffect
sof
usingcell
phonestotheacademi cperfor
mancei nEngli
shsubj ectatTagumpayNat i
onalHigh
School.Specif
ical
l
y,thi
sstudyseeksananswert othefollowi ngquesti
ons:1.Whatistheprofi
le
oftherespondentsinter
msof :1.1Age1.2Gender1. 3Av erageGr adeinEngli
shsubject2.What
aretheadvantagesanddisadv antagesofusingacellphonet otheacademicperfor
mancei n
Engli
shsubjectofgrade10st udent sofTagumpayNat ional HighSchool?3.Whataretherules
andregulati
onsimplementedi nschool whenitcomesi nusi ngmobi l
ephonesdur i
ngclass?

Hy
pot
hesi
s

Thecel
l
phonewi
l
lincr
easest
udent
s’academi
cper
for
mancet
hroughi
nter
act
iveandv
isual
l
ear
ningbutitwi
lldecr
easeacademi
cper
for
mancei
fthecel
l
phoneusagei
nthecl
assr
oom i
s
i
mproper
lyregul
ated.

ScopeandLi
mit
ati
onsoft
heSt
udy

Thisstudywasconductedt
odet
ermi
nethel
evelofper
cept
ionofgrade10student
sonthe
eff
ectsofusingcel
l
phonestot
heacademi
cperf
ormanceinEngl
ishsubj
ectatTagumpay
NationalHi
ghSchool.

Ther esear
chersfocusedongrade10studentsatTagumpayNati
onal Hi
ghSchoolast he
subjectofthestudyandrespondent
sinoursetofsurveyf
orms.Subsequentl
y,t
heresearcher
s
col
lectedinformati
onthatwasexaminedandev al
uat
ed.Event
hought hestudyhasreachedit
s
objecti
ves,ther
earefewinevi
tabl
eli
mitat
ionsandoneofthem i
sfinanci
alprobl
ems.

Si
gni
fi
canceoft
heSt
udy

Thi
sresear
chdemonstratest
helevelofper
cept
ionofgr
ade10st udent
sont
heeffectsofusi
ng
cel
l
phonestotheacademicperf
ormanceinEngli
shsubj
ectatTagumpayNat
ional
Hi ghSchool
..
Theimport
anceofthi
sresear
chisforthebenef
itoft
hefol
lowi
ng:

St
udent
s.

Theywi
l
lreal
i
zet
heconsequencesofspendi
ngt
oomucht
imeont
hei
rcel
l
phones.

Engl
i
sht
eacher
s.

Theywi
l
lmanaget
heuseofcel
l
phonesi
nthei
rcl
ass.

Ot
herr
esear
cher
s.

Theywi
llusethi
sresear
chtoser
veasar eferenceont
heef
fect
sofcel
l
phonesongr
ade10
st
udent
st hatt
heymightusef
orthei
rresearch.

Def
ini
ti
onofTer
ms

Audi
tor
y-per
tai
ningt
ohear
ing,
tot
hesenseofhear
ing,
ort
otheor
gansofhear
ing
Cell
phone-Small
wir
elessdev
icet
hathasatl
eastt
hesamef
unct
ionsofast
andar
dwi
red
tel
ephonebuti
ssmall
erandmoremobile

Constr
uctiv
ism -i
saphil
osophyofl
earni
ngfoundedonthepr
emi
sethat,byr
efl
ect
ingont
he
exper
iences,weconst
ructourownunder
standi
ngoftheworl
dwel
iv
ei n

Mul
ti
media-i
scontentthatusesacombi nat
ionofdi
ff
erentcont
entf
ormssuchast
ext
,audi
o,
i
mages,
animati
ons,vi
deoandi nt
eract
ivecontent

Stat
ist
icalanal
ysi
s-i
nvol
vescol
lect
ingandscr
uti
nizi
ngev
erydat
asampl
einasetofi
tems
fr
om whi chsampl
escanbedrawn

CHAPTERI
IREVI
EW OFRELATEDLI
TERATUREANDSTUDI
ESFor
eignLi
ter
atur
e

Ast udybyBi anchi etal .

,usingpr edi
ctorsf rom addict ionli
terature, t
hestudysoughtt opr edict
probl emat icmobilephoneusage.I tkeyedi nonf actor stheybel i
ev edtocausemobi l
ephone
disor ders.195subj ect sofbot hgender sandanav erageageof36( r
angingfrom 18-85year sold)
wer ei nt
er vi
ewed.Ther esult
sleadt othecr eationoft heMobi lePhonePr obl
em UseScal e.This
scalewascompar edt ot heAddi cti
onPot entialScale.Fundament alsthatwereusedt ocompar e
thescal esandcr eat et heMobi lePhonePr oblem UseScal ewer etheamountoft i
meoneuses
theircell phoneandt het ypeofusage.Thebehav i
or al pr
edictorst hatinf
luencedtheamountof
cellphoneusagewer e: beingextravert
ed, possessingl owself-esteem, andbeingy oung.These
char acteristi
cswer ef undament al i
ndet ermi ningprobl emat i
ccel lphoneuse.Thest udyshowed
thatt hesebehav ioral predictor
sdi dnoti nfluencetheamountofcel lphoneusage: gender ,and
neur oti
cism.Thescal edev elopedwasdesi gnedt ohel pwi t
hi mplement inganyi nterventionsfor
potent i
al addi
cti
v ebehav ior.Inalit
eraturerevi
ewofWomack, J.&McNamar acell
,C.,they
exploredphoneuseandi t
simpactonacademi cper for
manceofst udentsincollegecl assrooms.
Statisti
cal dataoncel lphoneusei nthecl assr
oom mayof f
erinsightintohowpr evalentt he
effectsofcel lphoneusear eonacademi cper formance( Olmsted&Ter ry,2014).Ov er95%of
under graduatest udentsowncel lphones, asnot edacr ossmul t
iplestudies(Elder,2013;
Olmst ed&Ter ry,2014; Petti
john,Frazier
,Rieser,Vaughn, &Hupp- Wi l
ds,2015) .Wi t
ht he
widespr eadowner shipofcel lphonesamongst udent s,cellphoneusagei nthecl assroom i s
probabl e.Ofthest udent swhoowncel lphones, Froeseandcol l
eagues( 2012)foundt hat75%
hav etheircellphoneswi ththem inev eryclassper iod.Likewise, i
nast udypubl i
shedi n2012,
TindellandBohl anderf oundt hatevenmor estudent s,95%, bri
ngt heircellphonest oev eryclass
meet i
ng.Howev er,onlybetween8%and9%ofst udentst ur
nt heirphonescompl etelyof fduri
ng
cl
asst i
me( Berr
y&West fal
l,2015;Tindell&Bohl ander ,2012).