Laboratory Report

Activity No. 2

Network Card Installation and Configuration

In partial fulfilment for the course

ECE 108.1 (Digital Communications Laboratory)

Submitted by
ABALOS, ALYSSA DANIELLE B.
ACHARON, JAZMINE A.
BARRAL, IRVEN CARL P.
CABIG, RHUNJIE D.

Submitted to
MS. JOHANNAH MAE D. ABESTANO
Test Questions
1. Why are encoding formats required?

The encoding scheme/format is simply the mapping from data bits to signal elements. Encoding
formats are required since they determine the way of representing the initial code by specified
signals, thus improving the performance of the system.

2. What types of electric signals are used to transmit information over a computer
network?

A terminal or computer produces digital signals, a sequence of discrete, discontinuous voltage

pulses, which are simply the presence or absence of an electric pulse. The state of being on or off
represents the binary number 1 or 0, respectively.

3. What encoding formats are available?

Different encoding formats are commonly used and they are classified into three—NRZ,
Multilevel Binary and Biphase.

NRZ: Nonreturn to Zero (NRZ) and Nonreturn to Zero-Inverted (NRZ-I)

Multilevel Binary: Bipolar-AMI and Pseudoternary

Biphase: Manchester and Differential Manchester

4. What is Manchester encoding, and what is its main advantage?

The coding techniques that overcame the limitations of NRZ are grouped under Biphase. One of
those coding techniques is the Manchester Encoding. In the Manchester code, there is a transition
at the middle of each bit period. The midbit transition serves as a clocking mechanism and also as
data. The main advantage of this technique is that it has good self-clocking properties. Also, it has
good synchronization and can detect errors easily.