Probability Test Formulas

Probability of an event, E:
n( E )
p( E ) 
n( S )
Odds FOR an event, E:
o( E )  n( E ) : n( E )
a
If o( E )  a : b , then p ( E )  .
ab
Cardinal number rules for probability:
p( E )  p( E )  1
p( E  F )  p ( E )  p( F )  p( E  F )

Conditional Probability:
n( A  B )
p( A | B) 
n( B )

Product Rule:
p ( A  B)  p( A | B )  p( B )

Sample Space of Rolling a Pair of Dice

Sum (1, 1) (1, 2) (1, 3) (1, 4) (1, 5) (1, 6)

2 (2, 1) (2, 2) (2, 3) (2, 4) (2, 5) (2, 6)
3 (3, 1) (3, 2) (3, 3) (3, 4) (3, 5) (3, 6)
4 (4, 1) (4, 2) (4, 3) (4, 4) (4, 5) (4, 6)
5 (5, 1) (5, 2) (5, 3) (5, 4) (5, 5) (5, 6)
6 (6, 1) (6, 2) (6, 3) (6, 4) (6, 5) (6, 6)
7 8 9 10 11 12