ANATOMY/HISTOLOGY/EMBRYOLOGY

(References: Snell Clinical Anatomy 9th ed, Wheater’s Functional Histology 6th ed, Langman’s Medical Embryology, 12th ed, Tortora and
Derickson, 14th ed)

1. All of the following describes the kidneys 4. The kidney develops from three sets of
except: systems. What gives rise to the functional
a. They lie behind the peritoneum high upon kidney?
the posterior abdominal wall on their side of a. Pronephros
the vertebral column. b. Metanephros
b. They are maintained in their normal c. Mesonephros
position by intraabdominal pressure and by d. Uteric bud
their connections with the perirenal fat, renal e. Metanephrogenic cap
fascia, and pararenal fat.
c. A vertical slit that is bounded by renal 5. You suspected stones to be present in a 38
hilum extends into the renal sinus is present. year old male after complaining colicky pain
d. The right kidney is slightly lower, longer, in his groin area and is also referred to the
and slender compared to the left due to an testis and tip of his penis. As the attending
enlarged right liver lobe. physician, you have requested an
e. Palpation of the back in the interval intravenous pyelogram. What is/are the
between the 12th rib and the vertebral possible site/s of the stones?
column may reveal tenderness suggestive of a.Pelviureteral junction
kidney disease. b. Pelvic brim
c. Junction of the ureter and bladder
2. Choose the best order in describing the d. All of the above
re4nal blood supply. e. None of the above
I. Afferent arterioles
II. Efferent arterioles
III. Arcuate arteries 6. By what month does the fetal kidneys starts
IV. Glomerular capillaries to excrete urine into the surrounding
V. Cortical radiate arteries amniotic fluid?
a. 3rd month
a. I-II-III-IV-V b. 4th month
b. III-V-I-IV-II c. 5th month
c. II-III-IV-I-V d. 6th month
d. V-I-III-II-IV e. None of the above
e. IV-III-II-V-I
7. What condition is characterized by trapped
3. What portion of the male urethra would you interconnecting bridge of the kidney behind
consider the most delicate in the inferior mesenteric artery resulting to the
catheterization? position of the organ lower lumbar region?
a. Prostatic urethra a.Polycystic kidney
b. Membranous urethra b. Rosette kidney
c. Spongy urethra c. Pelvic kidney
d. Penile urethra d. Horse shoe kidney
e. None of the above e. Unilateral double kidney
8. All of the following are muscles related to the 9. These are modified simple squamous
kidneys except: epithelial cell found in the visceral layer of
a. Diaphragm the glomerular capsule.
b. Psoas Muscle a. Intercalated cells
c. Quadratus lumborum b. Podocytes
d. Transverse abdominis c. Principal cells
e. None of the above d. Parietal cells
e. Peritubular cells

10. The following parts of the renal system are

correctly paired to its epithelial lining except:
a. Proximal convoluted tubule: siimple
cuboidal
b. Descending limb of the nephroon loop:
simple squamous
c. Thick ascending limb: simple cuboidal to
low columnar
d. Parietal layer of glomerular capsule:
simple squamous
e. Papillary: simple cuboidal

ANSWER KEY

1. D. The right kidney is slightly lower, longer, d. Penile urethra

and slender compared to the left due to an
enlarged right liver lobe. 4. B. Metanephros- choice D. Ureteric Bud + E.
Fact: The right kidney is slightly lower than Metanephrogenic cap
the left kidney because of the right liver lobe. a.Pronephros- rudimentary, nonfunctional
The left kidney is longer and slender b. Mesonephros- aka Wolffian duct,
compared to the right kidney. degenerates by 6th week gone by 8th week
d. Ureteric bud=ureter, major/minor
2. B. III-V-I-IV-II calcyces, collecting tubules
III. Arcuate arteries- at the border of medulla e. Metanephregenic cap=glimerular capsule,
and cortex proxima/distal tubules, loops of Henle
V. Cortical radiate arteries
I. Afferent arterioles 5. D. All of the above
IV. Glomerular capillaries- positioned
between the arterioles. Part of the 6. A. Third month
CVSystem and USystem
II. Efferent arterioles- carries blood out of 7. D. Horseshoe kidney
the glomerulus
8. E. None of the above
3. B. Membranous urethra- shortest, narrowest,
least distensible
9. B. Podocytes
a. Prostatic urethra-passes through the
prostate and transports its secretions
c. Spongy urethra- aka choice D, longest 10. E. Papillary simple columnar
portion, stratified columnar to
pseudostratified columnar epithelium