Professional Documents
Culture Documents
El Lugar Mas Bonito Digital Del Mundo PDF
El Lugar Mas Bonito Digital Del Mundo PDF
DO RWUR ODGR GHO ODJR \ ORV PLOHV GH HVWUHOODV TXH
EULOODQ DOOi DUULED HQ HO FLHOR < PH SDUHFH FRPR VL
FDGDXQDGHHVWDVOXFHVPHHVWXYLHUDGLFLHQGR©1R
HVWiVVROR1RVRWUDVHVWDPRVDTXtFRQWLJRª
(Q6DQ3DEORKD\SHUURVVLQDPR\SROYRHQODV
0H OODPR -XDQ \ YLYR HQ ODV PRQWDxDV GH
FDOOHV PX\ SRFRV FRFKHV \ VyOR DOJXQRV DXWREXVHV
*XDWHPDOD +D\ WUHV HQRUPHV YROFDQHV FHUFD GH PL
TXHYLHQHQGHODVJUDQGHVFLXGDGHVKD\XQDVSRFDV
SXHEOR TXH VH OODPD 6DQ 3DEOR \ TXH HVWi URGHDGR
PXODV TXH DFDUUHDQ OHxD GHVGH ODV PRQWDxDV \ KD\
GH PRQWHV HVFDUSDGRV (Q ODV HPSLQDGDV ODGHUDV
PXFKD JHQWH TXH WDPELpQ DFDUUHD FRVDV FiQWDURV
KD\ FDPSRV PX\ YHUGHV VRQ ODV SODQWDFLRQHV GH
GH DJXD JUDQGHV FHVWRV GH SDQ R GH YHUGXUDV
PDt]DMRV\FHEROODV
FRORFDGRVHQODFDEH]DQLxRVVXMHWRVDODHVSDOGD\
(Q ORV YDOOHV ORV IUXWRV URMRV GH ORV FDIHWDOHV DOJXQDV YHFHV KDVWD SHVDGDV YLJDV GH PDGHUD
PDGXUDQDODVRPEUDGHJUDQGHViUEROHV OOHYDGDV DO KRPEUR 7RGR OR TXH QHFHVLWDQ
WUDQVSRUWDU&RPRQRKD\PXFKRVFRFKHVVLDOJXLHQ
+D\PXFKDVIORUHVHQPLSXHEOR\PXFKDVDYHV TXLHUH DOJR WLHQH TXH FDUJDU FRQ HOOR SRU PX\
iJXLODV RURSpQGRODV E~KRV SLFDIORUHV \ EDQGDGDV SHVDGRTXHVHD
GHORURVTXHVHODQ]DQGHVGHORViUEROHVSDUDUREDU
QXHVWUR PDt] SDUORWHDQGR HQ HVD OHQJXD VX\D TXH
VyORHOORVHQWLHQGHQ
6DQ 3DEOR HVWi DO ERUGH GH XQ JUDQ ODJR \ KD\
RWURVVLHWHSXHEORVHQVXVRULOODVDOUHGHGRUGHpO/D
JHQWHYDGHXQSXHEORDRWURHQODQFKDVFRQPRWRUR
HQFDQRD+D\XQDFDUUHWHUDSHURQRHVEXHQD
2/21
PX\ERQLWRHVXQDFDVDGHXQVRORSLVRSHURPX\
JUDQGH FRQ PXFKDV YHQWDQDV HVWi URGHDGD GH
IORUHV \ SDOPHUDV \ WLHQH SDYRV UHDOHV DQGDQGR SRU
HO FpVSHG \ XQD SXHUWD GH KLHUUR SRU OD TXH VH VDOH
GLUHFWDPHQWHDOODJR
$OOt QDFt \R %XHQR OD YHUGDG HV TXH \R QDFt HQ
XQD FDVLWD TXH KD\ GHWUiV GH OD FDVD JUDQGH 0L
SDGUHHUDHOJXDUGDGHODFDVDJUDQGH\DpO\DPL
PDGUH OHV KDEtDQ GHMDGR OD FDVD SHTXHxD SDUD TXH
YLYLHUDQ'HVSXpVGHQDFHU\RPLSDGUHTXHUtDVDOLU
SRU ODV QRFKHV FRQ VXV DPLJRV LJXDO TXH OR KDFtD
FXDQGR WRGDYtD QR HVWDED FDVDGR FRQ PL PDGUH \
PL PDGUH OH GHFtD TXH QR WHQtDQ VXILFLHQWH GLQHUR
SDUD HVR DVt TXH VH SHOHDURQ \ XQ GtD PL SDGUH VH
PDUFKy
&XDQGR OOHJD OD QRFKH ODV JHQWHV GHMDQ GH 0H FRQWDURQ TXH WRPy HO DXWRE~V \ VH IXH D OD
DFDUUHDU FRVDV D HVD KRUD VDOHQ GH FDVD VyOR SDUD FDSLWDO TXH QR HVWi PX\ OHMRV 1XQFD YROYLy SDUD
SDVHDU SRU HO SXHEOR GLYHUWLUVH FRQWDU KLVWRULDV \ YHUQRVDPLPDGUHRDPt/DYHUGDGHVTXH\RPH
FKDUODUFRQORVDPLJRV7RGRHOPXQGRDQGDSRUODV DFXHUGRPiVGHORVSDYRVUHDOHVTXHDQGDEDQSRUHO
FDOOHVSRUHOFHQWURGHODVFDOOHV\VLXQFRFKHOOHJD FpVSHGGHODFDVDGRQGHYLYtDPRVTXHGHPLSDGUH
FXDQGR DOJXLHQ HVWi KDEODQGR GH DOJR LQWHUHVDQWH R
FRQWDQGR XQD EXHQD KLVWRULD SXHV HO FRFKH WLHQH &XDQGR PL SDGUH VH PDUFKy ORV GXHxRV GH OD
TXH HVSHUDU SRUTXH QDGLH VH DSDUWDUi SDUD GHMDUOH FDVD JUDQGH FRQWUDWDURQ D RWUR JXDUGD \ FODUR
SDVRKDVWDTXHODKLVWRULDVHWHUPLQH TXLVLHURQ TXH YLYLHUD HQ QXHVWUD FDVLWD DVt TXH PL
PDGUH WXYR TXH PDUFKDUVH 6yOR WHQtD GLHFLVLHWH
$TXt ODV KLVWRULDV VRQ LPSRUWDQWHV ORV FRFKHV DxRV \ QDGD GH GLQHUR QL VDEtD FyPR LED D SRGHU
QR FXLGDUGHPtDVtTXHHOOD\\RQRVIXLPRVDFDVDGH
PLDEXHOD
-XQWRDODSOD\DKD\DOJRTXHHVGHYHUGDGPX\
3/21
(ODEXHORVHPXULyKDFH\DPXFKRWLHPSRSHUR D HOOD OH JXVWDUtD TXH OD JHQWH QR WDUGDVH WDQWR HQ
SRU VXHUWH OD DEXHOD QR HV SREUH 7LHQH XQD FDVD DUUHJODUVXVFRVDV\PDUFKDUVH
KHFKD GH EORTXHV GH FHPHQWR ODV YHQWDQDV QR
WLHQHQ FULVWDOHV SHUR WLHQHQ SXHUWHFLOODV GH PDGHUD /D DEXHOD VH JDQD OD YLGD YHQGLHQGR DUUR] FRQ
TXHODDEXHODFLHUUDSRUODVQRFKHVRFXDQGROOXHYH OHFKHHQHOPHUFDGRJUDQGHGRQGHODJHQWHYDFDGD
/D FDVD WLHQH FXDWUR KDELWDFLRQHV \ HQ ODV SDUHGHV GtD D FRPSUDU FRVDV GH FRPHU (O DUUR] FRQ OHFKH
GH ODV FXDWUR FXHOJDQ PXFKRV FXDGURV TXH KD TXH KDFH OD DEXHOD HV HVSHFLDO QR VH FRPH FRQ
SLQWDGRPLWtR0LJXHOVRQPX\ERQLWRV\pOGLFHTXH FXFKDUD VH EHEH FDOLHQWH HQ XQ YDVR (V XQ OtTXLGR
DOJ~QGtDORVYHQGHUi HVSHVR\GXOFH\OHSRQHPXFKDFDQHOD1DGLHHQHO
SXHEORVDEHKDFHUXQDUUR]FRQOHFKHFRPRHOGHOD
(Q OD SDUWH GH DIXHUD OD DEXHOD WLHQH PXFKDV DEXHOD 6H OHYDQWD D ODV FLQFR GH OD PDxDQD SDUD
IORUHVDVtTXHODFDVDHVWiPX\ERQLWD&ODURTXHOR HPSH]DUDKDFHUOR+DKHFKRHVWRPLVPRFDVLWRGRV
PHMRU GH WRGR HV TXH OD DEXHOD HV OD GXHxD GH OD ORVGtDVGHVXYLGDGHVGHTXHWHQtDWUHFHDxRV
FDVD \ GHO WHUUHQR GRQGH HVWi *XDUGD ORV
GRFXPHQWRV TXH OR GLFHQ HQ XQD FDMD GH KLHUUR &XDQGR QRV YLQLPRV D YLYLU FRQ OD DEXHOD \R
GHEDMR GH VX FDPD VDEH PX\ ELHQ OR TXH GLFHQ GRUPtD HQ OD PLVPD FDPD TXH PL PDGUH \ PH
SRUTXH XQD SHUVRQD GH VX FRQILDQ]D VH ORV OH\y \ GHVSHUWDED FDGD PDxDQD R\HQGR ORV UXLGRV TXH
QDGLH JUDFLDV D 'LRV SXHGH TXLWDUOH D OD DEXHOD VX KDFtDQORVTXHVHHVWDEDQOHYDQWDQGR
FDVDQLHOWHUUHQRTXHODURGHD
2tDDWtR0LJXHOTXHPXUPXUDEDHQWUHGLHQWHV
/D FDVD GH OD DEXHOD HV JUDQGH SHUR HVWi
EDVWDQWHOOHQDGHJHQWHSRUTXHPLVWUHVWtRVTXHQR ²¢'yQGH HVWi PL ]DSDWR PL ]DSDWR PL
HVWiQFDVDGRVYLYHQFRQQRVRWURV\WDPELpQDOJXQD ]DSDWR"
GHPLVFLQFRWtDVFDVDGDV\VXVKLMRVYLHQHQDYHFHV
<DPLWtD0DUtDTXHUHJDxDEDDVXKLMR*DUOLWRV
D TXHGDUVH GXUDQWH XQ WLHPSR +DVWD ORV KLMRV GH
VXVSULPRVKDQYLYLGRWHPSRUDGDVFRQQRVRWURV ²¢2WUDYH]WHKDVPHDGRHQODFDPD"
/DFRVDHVTXHVLDOJXLHQGHODIDPLOLDVHTXHGD <D$QJpOLFDODUHJRUGHWDKLMDSHTXHxDGHPLWtD
VLQWUDEDMRRVHSRQHHQIHUPRRQRVHOOHYDELHQFRQ 7LQD TXH OORUDED SRUTXH QR TXHUtD PHWHUVH HQ OD
VXPDULGRRWLHQHFXDOTXLHURWURSUREOHPDVHYLHQH GXFKD
DYLYLUFRQODDEXHOD(OODVHRFXSDGHWRGRHOPXQGR
KDVWD TXH HO TXH VHD SXHGH DUUHJOiUVHODV SRU VX <PHOOHJDEDHORORUGHODOHxDTXHPiQGRVHHQOD
FXHQWD$XQTXHDOJXQDVYHFHVVHYHFODUDPHQWHTXH FRFLQD \ HO GHO DUUR] FRQ OHFKH KLUYLHQGR HQ HO
4/21
FDOGHUR JUDQGH \ DKXPDGR \ HO GH ODV WRUWLOODV TXH OD PD\RUtD GHO SXHEOR QR OD WLHQH (OOD GLFH TXH OD
HVWDEDQ KDFLpQGRVH SDUD HO GHVD\XQR (QWRQFHV PL QHFHVLWD SDUD PDQWHQHU VX QHJRFLR GH KDFHU DUUR]
PDGUH \ \R QRV OHYDQWiEDPRV \ QRV tEDPRV FRQ FRQ OHFKH SHUR HQ FDVD GH OD DEXHOD QR KD\
QXHVWUDVWRDOODVSRUTXHHUDQXHVWURWXUQRGHXVDUOD HOHFWULFLGDGQLDJXDFDOLHQWH'LFHTXHODHOHFWULFLGDG
GXFKD \HODJXDFDOLHQWHVRQFRVDVFDUDV\QRQHFHVDULDV
5/21
$VtTXHPLPDGUH\\RYLYLPRVMXQWRVHQFDVDGH
OD DEXHOD GXUDQWH XQ WLHPSR PL PDGUH JDQDED XQ
SRFRGHGLQHUROLPSLDQGRSRUODVFDVDV\ODYDQGROD
URSD GH JHQWH GHO SXHEOR HQ HO ODYDGHUR TXH KD\
GHWUiVGHODFDVDGHODDEXHOD
²£4XpJXDSRHVWXFKLFR£6HSDUHFHPXFKRDWL
$OSRFRWLHPSRFDGDYH]TXHVDOtDPRVGHSDVHR
QRV OR HQFRQWUiEDPRV \ VH YHQtD FRQ QRVRWURV
'HVSXpVXQDQRFKHLQYLWyDPLPDGUHDXQEDLOH\
GHVGH OD QRFKH GHO EDLOH PL PDGUH HPSH]y D
GHMDUPHHQFDVDFXDQGRVDOtD6HJXUDPHQWHSRUTXH
TXHUtDHVWDUVRODFRQpO
<GHUHSHQWHXQGtDPHGLMRTXHVHLEDDFDVDU
FRQ DTXHO KRPEUH TXH KDEtDPRV HQFRQWUDGR HQ OD
6/21
FDOOH6HLEDDLUDYLYLUFRQpOSHUR\RQRPHSRGUtD WHQHUSDGUHQLPDGUHSHURQRWHQHUVLTXLHUDXQVLWLR
LUFRQHOODSRUTXHpOQRTXHUtDeOTXHUtDXQDIDPLOLD GRQGHGRUPLUHVWRGDYtDSHRU
SHURTXHUtDQLxRVTXHIXHUDQKLMRVVX\RV\DGHPiV
QRWHQtDGLQHURSDUDPDQWHQHUPHDPt &XDQGRGHMpGHOORUDUOHSHGtDODDEXHODTXHPH
GHMDVHGRUPLUFRQHOODSHURPHGLMRTXHQR
< DTXHO PLVPR GtD PL PDGUH VH IXH GH FDVDGH
ODDEXHODSDUDLUDYLYLUDFDVDGHPLSDGUDVWURTXH ²7HQJR TXH WUDEDMDU PXFKtVLPR ²PH GLMR² <
WHQtD XQD FDVD FRQ XQD VROD KDELWDFLyQ 1R WHQtD QHFHVLWRGHVFDQVDU
FDPDDVtTXHpO\PLPDGUHHQWUDURQHQFDVDGHOD
DEXHOD \ GHVPRQWDURQ OD FDPD HQ TXH KDEtDPRV 'HPDVLDGR WLHPSR KH WHQLGR TXH GRUPLU FRQ
GRUPLGR HOOD \ \R \ VH OD OOHYDURQ D VX FDVD /D QLxRV/RVQLxRVGDQSDWDGDV
DEXHODQRHVWDEDHQFDVDFXDQGRHOORVVHOOHYDURQOD
²<RQRGR\SDWDGDV²OHGLMH
FDPDHVFDVLVHJXURTXHHOODQROHVKXELHUDGHMDGR
TXHVHODOOHYDUDQ ²(VRGLFHVW~DKRUDSHURFXDQGRHVWpVGRUPLGR
GDUiVSDWDGDV²GLMRODDEXHOD
&XDQGRVHHVWDEDQOOHYDQGRODFDPD\ROHVVHJXt
KDVWDODFDUUHWHUDSHURPLPDGUHPHGLMR 9LRTXH\RLEDDHPSH]DUDOORUDURWUDYH]
²7~TXpGDWHDKt-XDQ ²(VSHUD XQ PRPHQWR ²GLMR² 9DPRV D
SUHSDUDUWHDOJR
$VtTXH\RPHYROYtDFDVD
6HSXVRPX\VHULD\GLMR
²$VtTXHDKRUDQRWLHQHVFDPD
7/21
VLWLRGRQGHGRUPLU\DQRHVWDUtDWDQDVXVWDGR
(QWRQFHVPHGLMR
²6LDEXHOD²OHFRQWHVWp
$OUHGHGRU GH OD FDVD GH OD DEXHOD KD\ XQD YHUMD
PX\ DOWD TXH WLHQH XQ SRUWyQ GH PDGHUD FRQ XQD
FHUUDGXUD TXH HOOD FLHUUD WRGDV ODV QRFKHV /RV
~QLFRV TXH WLHQHQ OODYHV DGHPiV GH OD DEXHOD VRQ
PLVWtRV7RGRVORVGHPiVWHQHPRVTXHHQWUDUDQWHV
GHODVRFKR\PHGLD
8/21
8QDQRFKHSRFRVGtDVGHVSXpVGHTXHPLPDGUH OD DEXHOD FRQ OR GHO SRUWyQ \ WDPELpQ OR WDUGH TXH
VH PDUFKDUD GL XQ SDVHR PX\ ODUJR KDVWD HO ODJR HUDDVtTXHFRPSUHQGLyTXHQRKDEtDSRGLGRHQWUDU
3DUD FXDQGR YROYt D FDVD GH OD DEXHOD KDFtD \D HQFDVD
PXFKR WLHPSR TXH VH KDEtD KHFKR GH QRFKH \ HO
SRUWyQHVWDEDFHUUDGR 6H TXHGy XQ PRPHQWR HQ OD SXHUWD OXHJR PH
GLMR
1R VDEtD TXp KDFHU \ DGHPiV HPSH]DED D
WHQHU IUtR <R VyOR OOHYDED SDQWDORQHV FRUWRV \ XQD ²(QWUD
FDPLVHWD \ DXQTXH SRU HO GtD KDFH FDORU HQ 6DQ
3DEOR SRU ODV QRFKHV KDFH IUtR SRUTXH HVWDPRV D 9LR TXH \R HVWDED WHPEODQGR DOJXQDV YHFHV QR
PXFKDDOWXUD\HQWUHPRQWDxDV VHWLHPEODVyORGHIUtR
/R~QLFRTXHVHPHRFXUULyIXHLUHQEXVFDGHPL 'HQWUR GH OD FDVD KDEtD XQD PHVD FRQ OD YHOD
PDGUH <R VDEtD GyQGH HVWDED OD FDVD GH PL GRV EDQTXLWRV GRV SODWRV GRV WD]DV \ XQRV
SDGUDVWUR DVt TXH GHFLGt LU DOOi &XDQGR OOHJXp YL D SOiWDQRV+DEtDXQDVSRFDVURSDVFROJDGDVGHFODYRV
WUDYpV GH OD YHQWDQD XQD YHOD HQFHQGLGD 1DGLH VH HQODSDUHG\XQDDOIRPEULOODHQHOVXHOR\ODFDPD
DFXHVWD R VDOH GHMDQGR XQD YHOD HQFHQGLGD SRUTXH FODUR(VRHUDWRGR/DKDELWDFLyQHVWDEDPX\YDFtD
SXHGH DUGHU WRGD OD FDVD DVt TXH \R HVWDED VHJXUR OR TXH PiV PH KXELHUD JXVWDGR HV TXH WXYLHUD RWUD
GHTXHKDEtDDOJXLHQGHVSLHUWRGHQWUR SXHUWDSRUODTXH\RSXGLHUDHVFDSDUVLPLSDGUDVWUR
HQWUDEDSRUODSXHUWDGHODQWHUD
1R OOHJDED ELHQ KDVWD HO ERUGH GH OD YHQWDQD \
QRSRGtDYHUTXLpQHUDHOTXHHVWDEDGHQWURDVtTXH ²7H SXHGHV TXHGDU DTXt ²PH GLMR PL PDGUH²
SXVH XQD SLHGUD EDMR OD YHQWDQD \ PH VXEt HQFLPD SHURVLWXSDGUDVWURWHYHFXDQGRYXHOYDVHSRQGUi
9LDPLPDGUHHVWDEDVROD IXULRVR \ WH SHJDUi 7LHQHV TXH HVFRQGHUWH GHEDMR
GHODFDPD\GRUPLUDKt
/ODPpHQODSXHUWDXQDYH]WDQVXDYHPHQWHTXH
QRPHR\yOXHJROODPpRWUDYH]PiVIXHUWH
0LPDGUHDEULyODSXHUWDVyORXQDUHQGLMD\PH
YLR1RGLMRPiVTXH
²£7~
(OODVDEtDGHVGHVLHPSUHODFRVWXPEUHTXHWHQtD
9/21
²(OWLSRHVHDSDUHFLySRUILQ\PHSDJyHOGLQHUR
TXHPHGHEtD²GLMRPLSDGUDVWUR²DVtTXHPDxDQD
SXHGHVLUDFRPSUDUODVFRVDVTXHQHFHVLWHV
²£$KPX\ELHQ²GLMRPLPDGUH
/XHJRKDEODURQXQSRFRVREUHODVFRVDVTXHLEDQ
DFRPSUDUSDUDODFDVD
²/DYHODVHHVWiDFDEDQGR
GLMRPLSDGUDVWUR
²HVKRUDGHHFKDUVHDGRUPLU
9LFyPRVXVSLHVVHDFHUFDEDQ\VHDFHUFDEDQOD
FDPD FUXMLy FXDQGR VH VHQWy HQFLPD 6H TXLWy ORV
]DSDWRV\SXVRORVSLHVGHVFDO]RVVREUHHOVXHOR
²¢'yQGHHVWiODDOIRPEULWD"²SUHJXQWy
$Vt TXH PH DUUDVWUp GHEDMR GH OD FDPD ELHQ ²/D KH ODYDGR HVWi IXHUD ²FRQWHVWy PL PDGUH
SHJDGR D OD SDUHG SDUD TXH QR VH PH YLHUD \ PL ²$~QQRHVWiVHFD
PDGUHVDFXGLyODDOIRPEULWDSDUDOLPSLDUODXQSRFR\
PHWDSyFRQHOOD ²%XHQR QR LPSRUWD ²GLMR PL SDGUDVWUR \ ORV
GRVVHDFRVWDURQ
1RSRGtDGRUPLUPHPHGDEDPLHGRSHQVDUHQOR
TXHSRGUtDRFXUULUFXDQGRPLSDGUDVWURYROYLHUD <RPHGRUPt
/XHJRRtTXHEHVDEDDPLPDGUH
10/21
<ORVGRVIXLPRVKDVWDFDVDGHPLPDGUH
/D DEXHOD OODPy D OD SXHUWD GHVSDFLR WUHV
YHFHV
²'HFDVDGHPLPDGUH
²¢<TXpKDSDVDGR"²TXLVRVDEHUHOOD
²1DGD²OHGLMH²VyORTXHQRSXHGRYROYHUDOOt
QXQFDPiV
<\RFUHtDGHYHUGDGTXHQXQFDYROYHUtDSHURDO ²+RODPDGUH¢FyPRHVWiV"²GLMRPLPDGUH
OOHJDU OD QRFKH PL DEXHOD PH DJDUUy GH OD PDQR \
PHGLMR (OOD\PLSDGUDVWURSDUHFtDQPX\QHUYLRVRVSHUR
ODDEXHODHVWDEDWDQWUDQTXLOD
²9HQFRQPLJR
²<R HVWR\ ELHQ FRPR VLHPSUH ²GLMR OD DEXHOD
11/21
²SHURHOFKLFRQHFHVLWDXQDFDPD\DYRVRWURVRV OD WHQtD SHUR QXQFD OH SHJXp (UD VyOR XQ QLxR
WRFDFRQVHJXtUVHOD SHTXHxR\\RVDEtDTXHpOQRWHQtDODFXOSDGHQDGD
²(VWR\ELHQPDGUH²\QDGDPiV
8QGtDFXDQGRPHODHQFRQWUpPHGLFXHQWDGH
TXHHVWDEDHVSHUDQGRXQQLxR\XQRVSRFRVPHVHV
GHVSXpV HO QLxR QDFLy $Vt TXH WXYH XQ PHGLR
KHUPDQR FODUR TXH pO QL VLTXLHUD VH HQWHUy GH TXH
\RH[LVWtD
&XDQGR OH YL XQD YH] MXJDQGR HQ XQ ODGR GH OD
FDOOHPHHQWUDURQJDQDVGHSHJDUOH\WLUDUOHDOVXHOR
\GDUOHSDWDGDVSRUTXHpOWHQtDDPLPDGUH\\RQR 'HVSXpV TXH WUDEDMp XQRV FXDQWRV GtDV FRQ OD
12/21
DEXHOD HOOD PH GLMR TXH FUHtD TXH \D HVWDED /XVWUpPXFKtVLPRV]DSDWRV\PX\SURQWR\DPH
SUHSDUDGR SDUD WHQHU XQ QHJRFLR SRU PL FXHQWD 0H HVWDED JDQDQGR XQ GyODU GLDULR /RV KRPEUHV VyOR
FRPSUy XQ HTXLSR GH OLPSLDERWDV \ XQD EDQTXHWD JDQDQ GRV GyODUHV DO GtD GH PRGR TXH \R QR OR
SDUD TXH VH VHQWDUDQ ORV FOLHQWHV \ PH HQVHxy D HVWDEDKDFLHQGRQDGDPDO
OXVWUDU ]DSDWRV (QWUH ORV GRV SHQVDPRV GyQGH PH
FRQYHQGUtDLQVWDODUPHSDUDFRQVHJXLUPiVWUDEDMR\ 0LHQWUDV OXVWUDED VXV ]DSDWRV KDEODED FRQ PLV
GHFLGLPRV TXH VHUtD MXQWR D OD 2ILFLQD GH 7XULVPR \ FOLHQWHV OHV SUHJXQWDED TXH GyQGH YLYtDQ \ OR TXH
ODHQRUPHIRWRGH6DQ3DEORTXHWHQtDFRVDVHVFULWDV KDFtDQ\VLWHQtDQKLMRV7UDEDMDUHUDGLYHUWLGR7RGR
GHEDMR HOGLQHURTXHJDQDEDVHORHQWUHJDEDDODDEXHOD\
VLHPSUH TXH OR KDFtD HOOD PH DEUD]DED VRQULHQGR \
/RV SULPHURV GtDV OD DEXHOD PH YLJLODED /RV PHGDEDXQEHVR\GLH]FpQWLPRVSDUDPt
]DSDWRV GH ORV GRV SULPHURV FOLHQWHV ORV OXVWUp PX\
ELHQ ORV GHO WHUFHU FOLHQWH PH TXHGDURQ XQ SRFR
PHQRVELHQ
3HURODDEXHODGLMR
²7LHQHXVWHGUD]yQ²GLMRHOFOLHQWH
13/21
QR PH TXHUtD SRU Pt VLQR SRUTXH HVWDED JDQDQGR
GLQHURSDUDHOOD
14/21
WUDEDMDQGR
²¢4XpSDVD-XDQ"²PHSUHJXQWy
<\ROHGLMH
²$EXHODTXLHURLUDODHVFXHOD
²¢$ODHVFXHOD"²PHGLMRWDQDVRPEUDGDFRPR
VL\ROHKXELHUDGLFKRTXHTXHUtDLUPHD0DUWH²1R
SXHGHVLU
<RKDEtDSHQVDGRTXHVLHOODPHGHFtDTXHQR\R
ORDFHSWDUtDSHURQRORKLFH
²$EXHODQRWHQJRFLQFR£WHQJRVLHWH
6H TXHGy PX\ VRUSUHQGLGD FXDQGR PH YLR < PH OR SUHJXQWy FRPR VL VRVSHFKDVH TXH \R OH
SRUTXH FUHtD TXH D DTXHOOD KRUD \R HVWDED KDEtD MXJDGR XQD PDOD SDVDGD FXPSOLHQGR VLHWH
15/21
DxRV
²6HLVPHVHV²OHGLMH
²£< KDV GHMDGR SDVDU WRGR HVH WLHPSR VLQ
GHFLUPHQDGD
$ OD PDxDQD VLJXLHQWH FXDQGR PH YHVWt QR PH
²(UD WDQ LPSRUWDQWH SDUD Pt TXH QR SRGtD SXVH PL URSD GH OLPSLDERWDV VLQR PL URSD PiV
KDEODUWHGHHOOR OLPSLD \ DQWHV GH TXH HPSH]DVH OD HVFXHOD OD
DEXHOD \ \R IXLPRV D YHU D OD PDHVWUD GH SULPHUR
²£-XVWDPHQWH SRUTXH HV LPSRUWDQWH SDUD WL HV GRxD,UHQH
SRUORTXHGHEHUtDVKDEHUPHKDEODGRGHHOOR²GLMR
OD DEXHOD² 7LHQHV TXH OXFKDU SRU WXV FRVDV \ QR ²4XLHURHQWUDUHQODHVFXHOD²OHGLMH
LPSRUWD VL SLHUGHV /R TXH LPSRUWD GH YHUDV HV TXH
QR GHMHV QXQFD GH EDWDOODU SRU FRQVHJXLU OR TXH GH ²¢&XiQWRVDxRVWLHQHV"²PHSUHJXQWy
YHUGDG TXLHUHV 'HVGH OXHJR ²FRQWLQXy² KDEOR GH
²6LHWH\PHGLR
FRVDVLPSRUWDQWHVQRGHDOJRFRPRDJXDFDOLHQWHR
HOHFWULFLGDG %XHQR \ VL HV YHUGDG TXH \D WLHQHV ²3XHV Vt \D WLHQHV OD HGDG SHUR QR SXHGHV
VLHWHDxRVGHEHVLUDODHVFXHOD7HQGUtDVTXHKDEHU HPSH]DU DKRUD (QWUDUiV HO SUy[LPR FXUVR ²GLMR
HVWDGR\HQGRGHVGHKDFH\DPXFKRWLHPSR GRxD,UHQH
0LDEXHODQRVHPRYLy
16/21
²7LHQH XQ UHWUDVR GH WUHV PHVHV /RV RWURV
FKLFRVHVWiQ\DHVWXGLDQGRDULWPpWLFD
(VWHFKLFRQXQFDSRGUiDOFDQ]DUORV
'RxD,UHQHPHPLUyPX\VRUSUHQGLGD
²%XHQRHQHVHFDVR²GLMR
17/21
GLMR
$O FDER GH GRV PHVHV GRxD ,UHQH PH GLR XQD
QRWDSDUDTXHVHODOOHYDVHDODDEXHOD6HODHQVHxp
GHVSXpV GH OD FHQD \ HOOD OH SLGLy D PL WtD 7LQD TXH
VHODOH\HVHDXQTXH\ROHKDEtDGLFKRTXH\RSRGUtD
OHpUVHOD
²1R-XDQ²PHGLMRODDEXHOD²KDEODGHWLDVt
TXHQRHUHVW~HOTXHGHEHOHHUOD
²%XHQRSXHVHQKRUDEXHQD²GLMR 6HVHFyORVRMRV\PHDVHJXUyTXHPHD\XGDUtD
HQ PLV HVWXGLRV LQFOXVR Vt \R OOHJDED D LU D OD
3HQVp TXH OD DEXHOD WDPELpQ PH LED D IHOLFLWDU 8QLYHUVLGDG GH OD FDSLWDO 0LHQWUDV HOOD YLYLHVH PH
SHURORTXHKL]RIXHHFKDUVHDOORUDU\DEUD]DUPH< D\XGDUtDVLHPSUHTXH\RKLFLHUDWRGRORSRVLEOHSRU
18/21
PLSDUWH
/DDEXHODPHPLUyPX\VHULD
0H PLUy FRPR VL \R \D IXHUD XQ KRPEUH \ PH
GLMRTXHTXL]iDIXHU]DGHHVWXGLDUOOHJDUtD\RDOJ~Q ²(OORVQRWHTXLHUHQWDQWRFRPR\R
GtD D GHVFXEULU SRU TXp DOJXQDV SHUVRQDV HUDQ
SREUHV \ RWUDV ULFDV \ SRU TXp DOJXQRV SDtVHV HUDQ /XHJRDxDGLy
ULFRV \ RWURV SREUHV SRUTXH HOOD KDEtD SHQVDGR
²9HQYDPRVDGDUXQSDVHR
PXFKR HQ HOOR \ QXQFD KDEtD FRQVHJXLGR
FRPSUHQGHUOR 6H SXVR VX PHMRU UHER]R \ QRV IXLPRV MXQWRV D
OD FDOOH (OOD FDPLQDED FRPR OR KDFH VLHPSUH PiV
0H VHQWt PX\ RUJXOORVR SHUR WDPELpQ DOJR
DOWD\PiVGHUHFKDTXHQDGLH\\RLEDDVXODGRFRQ
DVXVWDGR SRUTXH OD YHUGDG HUD TXH KDEtD OOHJDGR
PLEUD]RDOUHGHGRUGHVXFLQWXUD
FDVL SRU FDVXDOLGDG D DSUHQGHU D OHHU \R VROR SHUR
HVRQRVLJQLILFDEDTXH\RIXHUDWDQOLVWR )XLPRV KDVWD OD 2ILFLQD GH 7XULVPR $OOt QRV
SDUDPRV GHODQWH GH OD IRWR GH 6DQ 3DEOR GRQGH VH
/HGLMHDODDEXHOD
YHtDQODVFDVDVGHQXHVWURSXHEORXQDVURVDVRWUDV
²$ORPHMRUQRVR\VLHPSUHFDSD]GHKDFHUDOJR D]XO WXUTXHVD \ DOJXQDV YHUGH SiOLGR \ GHWUiV GH
IXHUDGHORFRUULHQWH HOODV HO ODJR D]XO \ ORV YROFDQHV \ ORV HVFDUSDGRV
PRQWHV
²1RWLHQHVTXHKDFHUVLHPSUHFRVDVIXHUDGHOR
FRUULHQWHORTXHWLHQHVTXHKDFHUHVKDFHUORWRGRGH /DDEXHODPLUyORTXHHVWDEDHVFULWRGHEDMRGHOD
ODPHMRUPDQHUDTXHSXHGDVHVRHVWRGR IRWRJUDItDOXHJRORWRFyFRQVXPDQR
19/21
²$EXHOD¢ORHV"²SUHJXQWp
²¢(VTXp"
²¢(V6DQ3DEORHOOXJDUPiV
ERQLWRGHOPXQGR"
/DDEXHODPHPLUySHQVDWLYD
²¢&XDOTXLHUD"²UHSHWt
²6t²DVHQWt
/DDEXHODSDUHFLyVRUSUHQGHUVH
20/21
$11&$0(521
21/21