Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Foundation Design
Erly Bahsan
DTS‐FTUI
2019
Flow for Foundation Design
Calcuation for bearing
Upper structure design, Shallow/
capacity of single pile:
loading design deep deep axial & lateral
shallow
Calculation for bearing Calculation for grup
Soil investigations
capacity of shallow pile capacity
foundation: Terzaghi,
etc.
Preliminary design of Calculation for
foundation: type, settlement of deep
Calculation for
materials, construction foundation
settlement of shallow
method
foundation
Soil Investigations
• Field Tests
• CPT (Cone Penetration Test/sondir)
• Deep Boring
• SPT (Standard Penetration Test)
• Soil sampling (disturbed/undisturbed)
• Ground Water Level (GWL) observation (MAT: Muka Air Tanah)
• Laboratory Tests
• Index properties: Grain Size Analysis, Unit Weight, Plasticity
• Mechanical properties: Shear strength (triaxial, direct shear, UCT),
compressibility (oedometer test)
Field Test
Cone Penetration Test (CPT)
ASTM D 3441
Test is conducted by penetrating the cone to the soil until it reach the
cone resistant (qc) > 150 kg/cm2 (15 MPa).
Deep Boring
ASTM D 1586
Deep boring is conducted to get the information about the soil layer
condition below the ground surface, and to take the soil material
samples to be tested on laboratory (undisturbed sample).
Deep boring is usually conducted along the SPT (Standard Penetration
Test).
Deep Boring
(Washboring Method)
Clayton et al. (2002)
Standard Penetration Test (SPT)
ASTM D 1586
Uji ini dilaksanakan
dengan
menghitung
jumlah pukulan
yang diperlukan
untuk
menembuskan
tabung contoh ke
dalam tanah
sejauh 30 cm.
Split Spoon Sampler & Core Box
• Contoh laporan Bor Dalam dan
SPT
• Contoh
laporan CPT
Volume of Soil Investigation (1)
SNI 8460:2017
Volume of Soil Investigation (2)
SNI 8460:2017
Volume of Soil Investigation (3)
SNI 8460:2017
Soil Data Interpretation
Example of CPT Data (1)
Example of CPT Data (2)
Example of Borlog
Example of Laboratory Test Results
Example of Laboratory Tests
Example of Soil Interpretation from CPT
Robertson (2010)
Example of Soil Interpretation from SPT
Budhu (2010)
Flow for Soil Data Interpretation
Parameters
Field Test Data Continue to bearing
assumption
YES capacity calculation
OK?
NO
Soil profile assumption
Soil parameters
assumption
Check parameters from
Laboratory test
Geotechnical Section (Soil Profile)
B03 B04 S01 S02
2 2 2 2
4 4 4 4
6 6 6 6
8 8 8 8
Depth (m)
Depth (m)
Depth (m)
Depth (m)
10 10 10 10
12 12 12 12
14 14 14 14
16 16 16 16
18 18 18 18
20 20 20 20
22 22 22 22
Correlations for Soil Parameters
Failure Mode Shallow Foundation
a) General shear, b) local shear, c) punching shear (after Vesic )
Failure Mode Deep Foundation
Pressure Distribution
Bearing Capacity of Pile