ENGLISH LANGUAGE FOR MEDICAL FACULTY

CHAPTER 1 : ANATOMY

NAME. :NUKE PRATIWI

NPM. :H1A018046

FACULTY :MEDICAL FACULTY

1 What is the Organism ?

Organism is a form of life composed of mutually interdependent parts that maintain various vital
processes.

2.What is the Tissue?

Tissue is a form of life considered as an entity; an animal, plant, fungus, protistan, or moneran.

3.What is the Appearance ?

any organized body or system conceived of as analogous to a living being:

the governmental organism.

4.What is the Compose?

any complex thing or system having properties and functions determined not only by the properties and
relations of its individual parts, but by the character of the whole that they compose and by the relations
of the parts to the whole.

#more synonyms

•Organization, network, entity, structure.

2.Human body tissue is another way of describing how our cells are grouped together in a highly
organized manner according to specific structure and function. These groupings of cells form tissues,
which then make up organs and various parts of the body. For example, it's easy to see and feel muscle
in the body. Muscle is one of the four types of human body tissue. In this lesson, learn more about the
types of tissue and how each functions for a different purpose.

3.appearance (shape, structure, colour, pattern, size), i.e. external morphology (or eidonomy), as well as
the form and structure of the internal parts like bones and organs, i.e. internal morphology (or anatomy).
4.to gain emotional or mental control of

she took a deep breath and composed herself

Synonyms of compose :calm, collect, contain, control, re-collect, settle

5.What is the Physiology ?

Definition of psychology

plural psychologies

1 : the science of mind and behavior

2 a : the mental or behavioral characteristics of an individual or group

b : the study of mind and behavior in relation to a particular field of knowledge or activity

3 : a theory or system of psychology Freudian psychology the psychology of Jung

6.What is the Joint?

Medical Definition of Joint

Joint: The area where two bones are attached for the purpose of permitting body parts to move. A joint
is usually formed of fibrous connective tissue and cartilage. Joints are grouped according to their type of
motion: ball-and-socket joint; hinge joint; condyloid joint, which permits all forms of angular movement
except axial rotation; pivot joint; gliding joint; or saddle joint. Joints can move in only four ways: gliding,
in which one bony surface glides on another, without angular or rotatory movement; angular, a
movement that occurs only between long bones, increasing or decreasing the angle between the bones;
circumduction, which occurs in joints composed of the head of a bone and an articular cavity, with the
long bone describing a series of circles and the whole forming a cone; and rotation, in which a bone
moves about a central axis without moving from this axis. Also known as articulation and arthrosis.

7.What is the Production ?

The production function of health defines the relationship between health and the health inputs, like,
practitioner provided health care, needed to produce health.

8.What is the Nutrition?

Definition of nutrition

The act or process of nourishing or being nourished; specifically : the sum of the processes by which an
animal or plant takes in and utilizes food substances foods that are necessary for human nutrition

9. What is the Regulation?

Definition of 'regulation'

1. countable noun [usually plural]

Regulations are rules made by a government or other authority in order to control the way something is
done or the way people behave.

Employers are using the new regulations to force out people over 65.

Under pressure from the American government, Fiat and other manufacturers obeyed the new safety
regulations.

Regulation is also an adjective.

...a noisy cheerful group of people in regulation black parade tunics.

2. uncountable noun

Regulation is the controlling of an activity or process, usually by means of rules.

Social services also have responsibility for the regulation of nurseries.

Some in the market now want government regulation in order to reduce costs.

Synonyms: control, government, management, administration

10.What is the Skeletal?

Skeletal is The framework of the body, consisting of bones and other connective tissues, which protects
and supports the body tissues and internal organs. The human skeleton contains 206 bones, six of which
are the tiny bones of the middle ear (three in each ear) that function in hearing. The largest bone in the
body is the thigh bone, or femu

11What is the Bone ?

.Bone: Bone is the substance that forms the skeleton of the body. It is composed chiefly of calcium
phosphate and calcium carbonate. It also serves as a storage area for calcium, playing a large role in
calcium balance in the blood.The 206 bones in the body serve several other purposes. They support and
protect internal organs (for example, the skull protects the brain and the ribs protect the lungs). Muscles
pull against bones to make the body move. Bone marrow, the soft, spongy tissue in the center of many
bones, makes and stores blood cells.

12.What is the Mineral?

A mineral is a naturally occurring chemical compound,[1] usually of crystalline form and not produced by
life processes. A mineral has one specific chemical composition, whereas a rock can be an aggregate of
different minerals or mineraloids. The study of minerals is called mineralogy.

Basic definition

One definition of a mineral encompasses the following criteria:

1.Formed by a natural process (anthropogenic compounds are excluded).

2.Stable or metastable at room temperature (25 °C). In the simplest sense, this means the mineral must
be solid. Classical examples of exceptions to this rule include native mercury, which crystallizes at −39 °C,
and water ice, which is solid only below 0 °C; because these two minerals were described before 1959,
they were grandfathered by the International Mineralogical Association (IMA).[7][8] Modern advances
have included extensive study of liquid crystals, which also extensively involve mineralogy.

3.Represented by a chemical formula. Minerals are chemical compounds, and as such they can be
described by fixed or a variable formula. Many mineral groups and species are composed of a solid
solution; pure substances are not usually found because of contamination or chemical substitution. For
example, the olivine group is described by the variable formula (Mg, Fe)2SiO4, which is a solid solution
of two end-member species, magnesium-rich forsterite and iron-rich fayalite, which are described by a
fixed chemical formula. Mineral species themselves could have a variable composition, such as the
sulfide mackinawite, (Fe, Ni)9S8, which is mostly a ferrous sulfide, but has a very significant nickel
impurity that is reflected in its formula.

4.Ordered atomic arrangement. This generally means crystalline; however, crystals are also periodic, so
the broader criterion is used instead.[6] An ordered atomic arrangement gives rise to a variety of
macroscopic physical properties, such as crystal form, hardness, and cleavage.[10] There have been
several recent proposals to classify biogenic or amorphous substances as minerals. The formal definition
of a mineral approved by the IMA in 1995: "A mineral is an element or chemical compound that is
normally crystalline and that has been formed as a result of geological processes.

13.What is the Protein?

any of a class of nitrogenous organic compounds that consist of large molecules composed of one or
more long chains of amino acids and are an essential part of all living organisms, especially as structural
components of body tissues such as muscle, hair, collagen, etc., and as enzymes and antibodies.

14.What is the Fiber?

Fiber is a thread or filament from which a vegetable tissue, mineral substance, or textile is formed.

"tropical elements like coconut fibers and branches"

synonyms :thread, strand, filament; technicalfibril

•fibers from the murderer's sweater"

a substance formed of threads or filaments.

•"ordinary synthetics don't breathe as well as natural fibers"

synonyms: :material, cloth, fabric

•"natural fibers"

a threadlike structure forming part of the muscular, nervous, connective, or other tissue in the human or
animal body.

•"there were degenerative changes in muscle fibers"

strength of character.

noun: moral fibre; plural noun: moral fibres

•"a weak person with no moral fiber"

dietary material containing substances such as cellulose, lignin, and pectin, which are resistant to the
action of digestive enzymes.

•"cereals high in fiber"

15.What is the Scaffold?

Scaffold is .a temporary structure on the outside of a building, made usually of wooden planks and metal
poles, used by workers while building, repairing, or cleaning the building.

the materials used in scaffolding.

16.What is the Muscles?

Muscle is a band or bundle of fibrous tissue in a human or animal body that has the ability to contract,
producing movement in or maintaining the position of parts of the body.

"the calf muscle"

a band or bundle of tissue when well developed or prominently visible under the skin.

•"showing off our muscles to prove how strong we were"

17 What is the Movement?

Moventnent is .an act of changing physical location or position or of having this changed.

•"a slight movement of the upper body"

•synonyms::motion, move; More

•gesture, gesticulation, sign, signal;

•action, activity

•"Rachel made a sudden movement"

an arrival or departure of an aircraft.

•an act of defecation.

•noun: bowel movement; plural noun: bowel movements

the activities and whereabouts of someone, especially during a particular period of time.
•"your movements and telephone conversations are recorded"

the general activity or bustle of people or things in a particular place.

•"the scene was almost devoid of movement"

the progressive development of a poem or story.

•"the novel shows minimal concern for narrative movement"

18.What is the Energy (?)

Energy is .the strength and vitality required for sustained physical or mental activity.

"changes in the levels of vitamins can affect energy and well-being"

synonyms:vitality, vigor, life, liveliness, animation, vivacity, spirit, spiritedness, verve, enthusiasm, zest,
vibrancy, spark, sparkle, effervescence, ebullience, exuberance, buoyancy, sprightliness; More

strength, stamina, forcefulness, power, dynamism, drive;

fire, passion, ardor, zeal:informalzip, zing, pep, pizzazz, punch, bounce, oomph, moxie, mojo, go, get-up-
and-go, vim and vigor, feistiness

•"a good night's sleep will restore their energy"

a person's physical and mental powers, typically as applied to a particular task or activity.

plural noun: energies

2.power derived from the utilization of physical or chemical resources, especially to provide light and
heat or to work machines.

19.What is the Mycordium?

The myocardium is the thick, middle layer of the heart and is composed of cardiac muscle.

20.What is the Iron?

Medical Definition of Iron

Iron: An essential mineral. Iron is necessary for the transport of oxygen (via hemoglobin in red blood
cells) and for oxidation by cells (via cytochrome). Deficiency of iron is a common cause of anemia. Food
sources of iron include meat, poultry, eggs, vegetables and cereals (especially those fortified with iron).

B.

1(.A,)The muscular

2.(A) Muscles

3.(A) Are

4.(A) Maintenance

5.(A) Function

C.

1.,Anatomy is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their
parts.Anatomy is a branch of natural science which deals with the structural organization of living things.
It is an old science, having its beginnings in prehistoric times.Anatomy is inherently tied to embryology,
comparative anatomy, evolutionary biology, and phylogeny,

2 .1.The skeletal system

2.the cardiovascular system

3.the circulatory and respiratory system

4.Digestive and excretory system

5.Nervous,endocrine,and immune system

3.skeletal system

The framework of the body, consisting of bones and other connective tissues, which protects and
supports the body tissues and internal organs. The human skeleton contains 206 bones, six of which are
the tiny bones of the middle ear (three in each ear) that function in hearing. The largest bone in the
body is the thigh bone, or femur.

4. The skeleton provides mechanical protection for many of the body's internal organs, reducing risk of
injury to them.

• For example, cranial bones protect the brain, vertebrae protect the spinal cord, and the ribcage
protects the heart and lungs.

5.The skeleton is composed of fibrous and mineralized connective tissues that give it firmness and
flexibility. It consists of bone, cartilage, tendons, joints, and ligaments.

A) Bone is a type of mineralized connective tissue that contains collagen and calcium phosphate, a
mineral crystal. Calcium phosphate gives bone its firmness. Bone tissue may be compact or spongy.
Bones provide support and protection for body organs.

B) Cartilage is aform of fibrous connective tissue that is composed of closely packed collagenous fibers in
a rubbery gelatinous substance called chondrin. Cartilage provides flexible support for certain structures
in adult humans including the nose, trachea, and ears.

C) Tendon is a fibrous band of connective tissue that is bonded to bone and connects bone to bone.

D) Ligament is fibrous band of connective tissue that joins bones and other connective tissues together
at joints.

E) Joint is site where two or more bones or other skeletal components are joined together.