A journey into the lives of the rural

disha
MALNUTRITION
poor

Section I Group V
Aviral Agrawal I005 Atul Mittal I035
Aanchal Dham I015 Arkajyoti Saha I044
Prakhar Jain I025 Mukund Srinivasan I054
 What is malnutrition?
Malnutrition refers to deficiencies, excesses or imbalances in a person’s intake
of energy and/or nutrients

Types of malnutrition:
Undernutrition:
• stunting (low height for age)
• wasting (low weight for height)
• underweight (low weight for age)
• micronutrient deficiencies or insufficiencies (a lack of important vitamins
and minerals)
The other is overweight, obesity and diet-related non-communicable diseases
(such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes and cancer).

Families cannot afford or do not have access to nutritious food whereas food and
drinks high in fat, salt and sugar are readily available at a cheaper rate

This leads to situation where children are both overweight and micronutrient deficient
Malnutrition in • Malnutrition in Odisha continues to be a major issue
despite the claim by the state government that it is
Odisha well under control

• India Health of Nation and States – 2017 report rated

malnutrition as the number one risk factor in driving
most of the deaths and disabilities in the state

• As many as 26,184 children suffered from malnutrition

and fell in the severely underweight category in 2018

• Women lose nearly 14 per cent of their life-years or

live with disability against 12 per cent for men

• Lack of awareness and literacy among women has led

to inadequate care for children, which has in turn led
to excessive prevalence of anemia and stunning
 Malnutrition Statistics among children in Odisha
In a decade there has been a considerable decline in
stunting and underweight of children, of age under 5
years, in rural Odisha

However, the status of malnutrition continues to

remain a challenge with one-third of the children still
malnourished and also wasting among children under
5 years remained the same over a decade

• Cuttack has dealt with malnutrition the best, it

currently has just 12.4% children suffering from
malnutrition and related diseases
• Malkangiri is one of the worst cities, with
almost 50% of children suffering from
malnutrition
• In general, 35.4% of children in Rural Odisha
suffer from malnutrition
 Malnutrition Statistics among Women in Odisha
Odisha is one of the worst affected states in India
• 35% of children have stunted growth due to
malnutrition – 21% suffer from acute malnutrition

• 36% of children are underweight

• Almost 30% of women suffer from mental health

issues resulting from malnutrition and obesity

• Only 16% women suffer from Malnutrition in

Puri making it the least affect region in Odisha

• Malkangiri is one of the worst cities, with almost

75% of women suffering from malnutrition

• In general, almost 30% of women in Odisha is

suffering from malnutrition and related diseases
Sustainable development
goal #2:
Zero Hunger

TARGETS:
• By 2030, end hunger and ensure access by all
people, in particular the poor and people in
vulnerable situations, including infants, to safe,
nutritious and sufficient food all year round

• By 2030, end all forms of malnutrition, including

achieving, by 2025, the internationally agreed
targets on stunting and wasting in children
under 5 years of age, and address the
nutritional needs of adolescent girls, pregnant
and lactating women and older persons
 Angul Pushti
GOVERNMENT Adhikaar Abhiyaan
PROGRAMMES
Integrated Child
Development
Services
Angul Pusti Adhikar Abhiyan against malnutrition

• Angul Pusti Adhikar Abhiyan (APAA) is a people-led

movement or jan andolan in the Angul district of Odisha to
ensure no child or woman remains under-nourished

• 2,000 people from different parts of the have come

together under the banner of Angul Pusti Adhikar Abhiyan
(APAA) to make sure Angul becomes free from malnutrition

• It aims at imparting all the major schemes of ICDS, such as

Hot-Cooked Meals (HCM), Take Home Ration (THR), and
Supplementary Nutrition Programmes (SNP) to the children
and to mothers
Key Objectives of Angul Pusti Adhikar Abhiyan
• To increase people’s awareness of anganwadi centres and
raise demand

• To monitor ICDS services through three primary committees

- Jaanch Committee, Maatru Committee, and committee of
Panchayati Raj Institute

• To train and support anganwadi workers in reaching out to

the section of people who are not able to avail the facilities

• Create community platforms to discuss issues on nutrition

• Encourage participation of the sarpanch across villages in

discussions, to foster nutrition in their districts
Challenges faced by Angul Pushti Adhikaar Abhiyaan
• Meetings headed by the sarpanch: The objective was to create awareness on the services
provided by ICDS to poor children, who did not get access earlier. Sarpanch, being a leader of
the village, is required to spread awareness on the subject and work with the members of AAPA

• Knowing the grievance: Addressing the grievances of beneficiaries, pertaining to the ICDS
service, was a major concern. Beneficiaries were also invited to express their troubles in getting
access to services

• Training committee members: Committee members needed to be given proper training for
effective monitoring of ICDS services and take proper action to address problems faced by
beneficiaries of ICDS

• Ensuring transparency: The ICDS guidelines emphasise the need to display names and
photographs at anganwadi centres, so that the community members would have information
about who to approach. This was not the case earlier
INTEGRATED CHILD • Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) scheme is
world's largest community based programme which is

DEVELOPMENT targeted at children upto the age of 6 years, pregnant and

lactating mothers and women 16–44 years of age

SERVICES • The scheme is aimed to improve the health, nutrition and

education of the target community

• Services are extended to the target community

at 'Anganwadi’ (AWC), which is within the reach of the
community

• Its presence has a synergistic effect as there is a

liaison between health functionaries and the community,
the convergence of which helps achieve better maternal
and child health, enhancement of awareness, treatment
of morbidity and reduction of mortality
ICDS as a vehicle for combating malnutrition
Objectives: Services under ICDS:
• Supplementary Nutrition
• Improvement in the health and nutritional • Pre-school non-formal education
status of children 0–6 years and pregnant • Nutrition & health education
and lactating mothers • Immunization
• Reduction in the incidence of their mortality • Health check-up and
• Referral services
and school drop out
• Provision of a firm foundation for proper
psychological, physical and social
development of the child
• Enhancement of the maternal education
Effective co-ordination of the policy and
implementation
Challenges in implementing ICDS

• Lack of awareness of services in the community

• Districts not making the necessary amount to invest

• Lack of proper planning and political will

• Gaps in delivering food rations and ensuring access to facility-

based and home-based healthcare
• Inadequate or low quality services
• Delays and irregularities
• Difficulty in storing food supplies due to lack of infrastructure
IMPACT OF THE It is said that the impact has been quite positive in terms
of:
SCHEMES • Increased awareness
• Increased community participation
• Increased monitoring of the delivery of services at
community level by community members/service users
themselves

But, the efforts of the government remain fragmented and

lack effective implementation.
What are firms doing to combat malnutrition
Conducted growth monitoring of 50000+ children. 25000+ children (under
the age of 6 years) and lactating mothers have been administered the intake
of Spirulina. 8500+ pregnant women have been tracked for prenatal care.
Besides, health care outreach has reached out to more than 2 lakh people,
with 35000+ children and women being provided nutrition support.

Mid-day meal serving over 60,000 students across 692 schools daily in the
district. The fresh, hygienic and nutritious food is prepared in the state-of-
the-art kitchen in accordance with government-approved diet charts

1.Running malnutrition treatment center where severely malnourished

children are medically treated to help achieve normal health
2.Running programmes to address leprosy, malnutrition, etc.
3.At the companys other locations, nutritious food is provided to Anganwadi
children in nearby rural and urban slum communities
4.Mobile health clinics for remote outreach, offering last-mile aid
5.Tied up with nutrition rehabilitation centres across India to raise
awareness on the health of children, pregnant women and lactating mothers
 Ideas for companies to help alleviate malnutrition
• Mobile Services providers can help promote
government approved public nutrition messages which
can be both memorable and persuasive (Bangladesh
Govt. CHW Telecallers)

• Government should provide subsidies to farmers to

enable them to grow various other nutrient rich crops
apart from the staples

• Supermarkets can use their buying power to procure

and persuade customers to eat nutritious food
(Walmart “Great for you” in the USA)

• Government can ask major food production companies

to fortify products such as wheat, cooking oil, sugar, etc
with micronutrients. Eg Sugar can be fortified with
vitamin A & D, wheat and maize can be fortified with
all types of vitamins along with iron and zinc (ITC E
Choupal, OMFEG, etc)