Industry Analysis Research Report on

“IT SERVICE PROVIDERS”

BY
19MBATMM001 ABHISHEK SAXENA
19MBATMM002 ABHILASH DUPARGUDE
19MBAGEN044 SHWETA DESHMUKH
19MBATMM006 VAISHNAVI DURANKAR

(MBA: 2019 – 2020)

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF

Course Code and Name: MBA 1007: Industry Analysis Research

As prescribed by MIT-World Peace University

MIT-World Peace University’s

School of Management (PG)
Pune

1
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. / Ms /Mrs

of MIT-WPU’s School of Management (PG)
have successfully completed the desk research work titled
in partial fulfilment of
requirement for Course MBA507A: Industry Analysis Research as prescribed by the MIT-
World Peace University.

This Report is the record of authentic work carried out during the academic year
2019-20.

Prof. Sonal Muluk Dr. Swapnil Undale

Prof. Dr. T. J. Vidyasagar Prof. Dr. Sayalee Gankar

Head of School Dean
MIT-WPU-SoM (PG) MIT-WPU-SoM (PG)

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 DECLARATION

We, Mr. / Ms. / Mrs._________________________________ hereby declare that this

Research Report is the record of authentic work carried out by us during the academic year
2018-19 and has not been submitted to any other University or Institute towards the award of
any degree.

NAME ROLL NO. SIGNATURE

ABHISHEK SAXENA 19MBATMM001

ABHILASH DUPARGUDE 19MBATMM002

SHWETA DESHMUKH 19MBAGEN044

VAISHNAVI DURANKAR 19MBATMM006

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 CONTENTS
Chapter Page
Particulars
No. No.
Certificate 1
Declaration 2
Acknowledgement 7
1 Profile of Industry  
1.1. Nature of the Industry  8
1.2. Players in the industry  9
1.3. Nature of competition from an economist’s perspective  10
1.4. Market size  11
1.5. Possible Classification of players into Leaders, Challengers,
Followers, Nichers  12

2 Promoters and Management Ethos  

2.1 Background of promoter groups of top 2 players  13-15
2.2 Vision, Mission and Quality Policy  16-17
2.3 Brief profile of key top management personnel of top 2
players with his/her career highlights.  17-18
2.4 CSR policy  19-24
2.5 Corporate Governance Initiatives  25-29
2.6 Initiatives towards environment conservation  30

3 External Environment  
3.1. Governing Body of IT industry  30-32
3.2. Issues affecting the Industry.  32-33

4 Marketing Strategies  
4.1. Marketing Strategies and Plans of Top 2 Players  
4.2. Target Market  
4.3. Differentiation and Positioning Strategies  
4.4. Product  
4.5. Price  
4.6. Promotion  
4.7. Place  
4.8. People  
4.9. Process  
4.10.Physical Environment  
4.11.International Marketing Strategies  
4.12.Conclusion
   
5 Financials  
5.1. Contribution to GDP  
5.2. Pricing Policy  
   
6 Recent Developments  
6.1. Trends in the Industry  
6.2. Strategic Alliances in the Industry  
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Chapter Page
Particulars
No. No.
6.3. Budget 2017 and Its Impact on Industry  
6.4. New EXIM Policy and Its Impact on Industry  
6.5. Conclusion
   
Bibliography  
Annexure  

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 List of Table

Table No. Name of Table Page No.

1 TCS Committee & Scope 25-26
2 Infosys Committee & Scope 26-28
3 Wipro Committee & Scope 29-30

List of Figure

Figure Name Of Figure Page No.

No.
1 Players in Industries 09
2 Market Share 12
3 CEO of TCS 17
4 CEO of Infosys 18
5 CEO of Wipro 19

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

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It was great pleasure to do this project of Industrial Analysis and Research Project on
“ANALYSIS OF IT SERVICE PROVIDERS” as this project leads me to learn many things.
I would love to say few words.

We are extremely grateful and remain indebted to our guide Prof. Pooja Darda for being a
source of inspiration and on her constant support and guide in the design implementation and
evaluation of the project. We are thankful to her for her constant constructive criticism and
invaluable suggestions which benefited us a lot while developing the project.

She has been a constant source of inspiration and motivation for hard work. She is very co-
operative and thoughtful this project work. Through this column, it would be our almost
pleasure to express our warm thanks to her for their encouragement, co-operative and consent
without which we might be able to accomplish this project.

We also express our gratitude to all staff members, friends who were directly & indirectly
instrument in enabling us to stay committed for the project.

1. Profile of Industry
1.1Nature of the Industry

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India is the world's largest sourcing destination for the information technology (IT) industry,
accounting for approximately 67 per cent of the US$ 124-130 billion market. The industry
employs about 10 million workforces. More importantly, the industry has led the economic
transformation of the country and altered the perception of India in the global economy.
India's cost competitiveness in providing IT services, which is approximately 3-4 times
cheaper than the US, continues to be the mainstay of its Unique Selling Proposition (USP) in
the global sourcing market. However, India is also gaining prominence in terms of
intellectual capital with several global IT firms setting up their innovation centre in India.
Information technology in India is an industry consisting of two major components- IT
Services and business process outsourcing (BPO). The major cities that account for about
nearly 90% of that sector’s exports are Bengaluru (Bangalore), Pune, Mumbai, Noida,
Chennai, Kolkata, Trivandrum, Hyderabad, Jammu & Kashmir. Bengaluru is considered to
be Silicon Valley of India because it is the leading IT exporter. Exports dominate the industry
and constitute about 77% of the total industry revenue. However, the domestic market is also
significant with a robust revenue growth. The industry’s share of total Indian exports
(merchandise plus services) increased from less than 4% in FY1998 to about 25% in FY2012.
According to Gartner, the “Top Five Indian IT Services Providers” are Tata Consultancy
services, Infosys, Cognizant, Wipro and HCL Technologies. The IT industry has also created
significant demand in the Indian education sector, especially for engineering and computer
science. The Indian IT and ITeS industry is divided into four major segments – IT services,
Business Process Management (BPM), software products and engineering services, and
hardware.

1.2. Players in the industry

India is the world's largest sourcing destination for the information Technology. We select
these three industries, whose work is to controlling & governing the IT industries.
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Top three industries are :-

1. TCS {Tata Consultancy Services}

2. INFOSYS
3. WIPRO Limited (Western India Palm Refined Oils Limited)

1. TCS {Tata Consultancy Services}

Jehangir Ratanji Dadabhoy "J. R. D." Tata (29 July 1904 – 29 November 1993) was a French
born Indian aviator, entrepreneur, chairman of Tata Group and the shareholder of Tata Sons.
He is best known for being the founder of several industries under the Tata Group, include
He was also a founding member of the first Governing Body of NCAER, the National
Council of Applied Economic Research in New Delhi, India's first independent economic
policy institute established in 1956. In 1968, he founded Tata Consultancy Services as Tata
Computer Centre. In 1979, Tata Steel instituted a new practice: a worker being deemed to be
"at work" from the moment he leaves home for work till he returns home from work. This
made the company financially liable to the worker for any mishap on the way to and from
work. In 1987, he founded Titan Industries. Jamshedpur was also selected as a UN Global
Compact City because of the quality of life, conditions of sanitation, roads and welfare that
were offered by Tata Steeling Tata Consultancy Services, Tata Motors, Titan Industries, Tata
Tea, Voltas and Air India. In 1945, he founded Tata Motors. In 1948, JRD Tata launched Air
India International as India's first international airline. In 1953, the Indian Government
appointed JRD Tata as Chairman of Air India and a director on the Board of Indian Airlines –
a position he retained for 25 years. For his crowning achievements in aviation, he was
bestowed with the title of Honorary Air Commodore of India.

2. INFOSYS

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Nagavara Ramarao Narayana Murthy (born 20 August 1946), commonly referred to as
Narayana Murthy, is an Indian IT industrialist and the co-founder of Infosys, a multinational
corporation providing business consulting, technology, engineering, and outsourcing services.
Murthy started his career at IIM Ahmedabad as chief systems programmer. There he worked
on India's first time-sharing computer system and designed and implemented a BASIC
interpreter for Electronics Corporation of India Limited. He started a company named
Softronics. Murthy and six software professionals founded Infosys in 1981 with an initial
capital injection of Rs 10,000, which was provided by his wife Sudha Murthy. At Infosys he
articulated, designed and implemented the Global Delivery Model for IT services outsourcing
from India. He was chairman of the board from 2002 to 2006, after which he became
chairman of the board and Chief Mentor. In August 2011, he retired from the company,
taking the title chairman Emeritus.

3. WIPRO Limited (Western India Palm Refined Oils Limited)

Azim Hashim Premji (born 24 July 1945) is an Indian business tycoon, investor, and
philanthropist. who is the chairman of Wipro Limited. He is informally known as the Czar of
the Indian IT Industry. Azim Premji later diversified the company to bakery fats, ethnic
ingredient based toiletries, hair care soaps, baby toiletries, lighting products, and hydraulic
cylinders. In the 1980s, the young entrepreneur, recognizing the importance of the emerging
IT field, took advantage of the vacuum left behind by the expulsion of IBM from India,
changed the company name to Wipro and entered the high-technology sector by
manufacturing minicomputers under technological collaboration with an American company
Sentinel Computer Corporation. Thereafter Premji made a focused shift from soaps to
software.

1.3. Nature of competition from an economist’s perspective

India is the world's largest sourcing destination for the information technology (IT) industry,
accounting for approximately 67 per cent of the US$ 124-130 billion market. The industry
employs about 10 million workforce. More importantly, the industry has led the economic
transformation of the country and altered the perception of India in the global economy.

10
India's cost competitiveness in providing IT services, which is approximately 3-4 times
cheaper than the US, continues to be the mainstay of its unique selling proposition (USP) in
the global sourcing market. However, India is also gaining prominence in terms of
intellectual capital with several global IT firms setting up their innovation centres in
India.The IT industry has also created significant demand in the Indian education sector,
especially for engineering and computer science. The Indian IT and ITeS industry is divided
into four major segments – IT services, business process management (BPM), software
products and engineering services, and hardware.The IT-BPM sector in India grew at a
Compound Annual Growth rate (CAGR) of 15 per cent over 2010-15, which is 3-4 times
higher than the global IT-BPM spend, and is estimated to expand at a CAGR of 9.5 per cent
to US$ 300 billion by 2020.

1.4. MARKET SIZE

The Indian Information Technology (IT) sector is expected to grow 11 per cent per annum
and triple its current annual revenue to reach US$ 350 billion by FY 2025, as perNational
Association of Software and Services Companies (NASSCOM).India, the fourth largest base
for new businesses in the world and home to over 3,100 tech start-ups, is set to increase its
base to 11,500 tech start-ups by 2020, as per a report by NASSCOM and Zinnov
Management Consulting Pvt Ltd.India’s internet economy is expected to touch Rs 10 trillion
(US$ 151.6 billion) by 2018, accounting for 5 per cent of the country’s gross domestic
product (GDP), according to a report by the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) and Internet
and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI). India’s internet user base reached over 350
million by June 2015, the third largest in the world, while the number of social media users
grew to 143 million by April 2015 and smartphones grew to 160 million.Public cloud
services revenue in India is expected to reach US$ 838 million in 2015, growing by 33 per
cent year-on-year (y-o-y), as per a report by Gartner Inc. In yet another Gartner report, the
public cloud market alone in the country was estimated to treble to US$ 1.9 billion by 2018
from US$ 638 million in 2014. Increased penetration of
Internet (including in rural areas) and rapid emergence of e-commerce are the main
drivers for continued growth of data center co-location and hosting market in India.

MARKET SHARE OF TOP 3 PLAYERS

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 Shares
9%

23%
69%

1.5 Possible Classification of players into Leaders, Challengers, Followers, Nichers

 Leaders : TCS, Infosys & Wipro

 Challengers: HCL Technologies, Tech Mahindra &Oracle Financial Services

 Followers: MindTree & Mphasis

 Nichers: New Start-ups

2 Promoters and Management Ethos

2.1 Background of promoter groups of top players

A) TCS

i) Tata Sons Limited

Tata Steel Limited is a Public incorporated on 26 August 1907. It is classified as Non-govt

Company and is registered at Registrar of Companies, Mumbai. Its authorized share capital is
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Rs. 83,499,999,000 and its paid up capital is Rs. 11,459,299,300. It is inolved in Manufacture
of Basic Iron & Steel
Tata Steel Limited's Annual General Meeting (AGM) was last held on 20 July 2018 and as
per records from Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), its balance sheet was last filed on 31
March 2018.
Directors of Tata Steel Limited are Koushik Chatterjee, Aman Mehta, Vijay Kumar Sharma,
Narendran Viswanath Thachat, Om Prakash Bhatt, Chandrasekaran Natarajan, Saurabh
Mahesh Agrawal, Deepak Kapoor, Petrus Matthias Marie Blauwhoff, Mallika Srinivasan, .

ii)Tata Investment Corporation Ltd

Tata Investment Corporation Limited is a Public incorporated on 05 March 1937. It is

classified as Non-govt company and is registered at Registrar of Companies, Mumbai. Its
authorized share capital is Rs. 600,000,000 and its paid up capital is Rs. 550,952,960. It is
inolved in Activities auxiliary to insurance and pension funding [This class includes activities
involved in or closely related to the management of insurance and pension funding other than
financial intermediation and includes activities of insurance agents, average and loss
adjusters, actuaries and salvage administrators. (Marine salvage is classified in class 6303)].
Tata Investment Corporation Limited's Annual General Meeting (AGM) was last held on 30
July 2018 and as per records from Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), its balance sheet
was last filed on 31 March 2018.
Directors of Tata Investment Corporation Limited are Amit Dalal, Zubin Soli Dubash,
Vedika Sandeep Bhandarkar, Abhijit Sen, Farokh Nariman Subedar, Suprakash
Mukhopadhyay, Noel Naval Tata, Hoshang Noshirwan Sinor, Jimmy Minocher Tata, .

iii)TATA POWER COMPANY LIMITED

The Tata Power Company Limited is a Public incorporated on 18 September 1919. It is

classified as Non-govt company and is registered at Registrar of Companies, Mumbai. Its
authorized share capital is Rs. 5,790,000,100 and its paid up capital is Rs. 2,704,999,940. It is
inolved in Manufacture of other fabricated metal products; metal working service activities
The Tata Power Company Limited's Annual General Meeting (AGM) was last held on 18
June 2019 and as per records from Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), its balance sheet
was last filed on 31 March 2019.
Directors of The Tata Power Company Limited are Anjali Bansal, Sanjay Vijay Bhandarkar,
Banmali Agrawala, Deepak Madhav Satwalekar, Nawshir Hoshang Mirza, Ashok Sinha,
Hemant Bhargava, Praveer Sinha, Chandrasekaran Natarajan, Saurabh Mahesh Agrawal

iv) Tata Investment Corporation Ltd

Tata Investment Corporation Limited is a Public incorporated on 05 March 1937. It is

classified as Non-govt company and is registered at Registrar of Companies, Mumbai. Its
13
authorized share capital is Rs. 600,000,000 and its paid up capital is Rs. 550,952,960. It is
inolved in Activities auxiliary to insurance and pension funding [This class includes activities
involved in or closely related to the management of insurance and pension funding other than
financial intermediation and includes activities of insurance agents, average and loss
adjusters, actuaries and salvage administrators. (Marine salvage is classified in class 6303)].
Tata Investment Corporation Limited's Annual General Meeting (AGM) was last held on 30
July 2018 and as per records from Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), its balance sheet
was last filed on 31 March 2018.
Directors of Tata Investment Corporation Limited are Amit Dalal, Zubin Soli Dubash,
Vedika Sandeep Bhandarkar, Abhijit Sen, Farokh Nariman Subedar, Suprakash
Mukhopadhyay, Noel Naval Tata, Hoshang Noshirwan Sinor, Jimmy Minocher Tata,

B) WIPRO

i) Mr Azim Hasham Premji Partner Representing Prazim Traders

Prazim Trading And Investment Company Private Limited. is a Private incorporated on 13

November 1981. It is classified as Non-govt company and is registered at Registrar of
Companies, Bangalore. Its authorized share capital is Rs. 145,000,000 and its paid up capital
is Rs. 1,842,700. It is inolved in Other financial intermediation. [This group includes
financial intermediation other than that conducted by monetary institutions.]
Prazim Trading And Investment Company Private Limited.'s Annual General Meeting
(AGM) was last held on 12 November 2018 and as per records from Ministry of Corporate
Affairs (MCA), its balance sheet was last filed on 31 March 2018. Directors of Prazim
Trading And Investment Company Private Limited. are Yasmeen Azim Premji,
Pagalthivarthi Srinivasan, Azim Premji Hasham and Srinivasan Pagalthivarthi.

ii) Hasham Investment and Trading Co. Pvt Ltd

Hasham Investment And Trading Co Pvt Ltd is a Private incorporated on 10 May 1983. It is
classified as Non-govt company and is registered at Registrar of Companies, Bangalore. Its
authorized share capital is Rs. 115,150,000 and its paid up capital is Rs. 40,100,200. It is
inolved in Activities auxiliary to financial intermediation, except insurance and pension
funding.[This Group includes activities involved in or closely related to financial inter-
mediation other than insurance and pension funding but not themselves involving financial

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inter-mediation].Hasham Investment And Trading Co Pvt Ltd's Annual General Meeting
(AGM) was last held on 29 September 2018 and as per records from Ministry of Corporate
Affairs (MCA), its balance sheet was last filed on 31 March 2018.
Directors of Hasham Investment And Trading Co Pvt Ltd are Yasmeen Azim Premji, Azim
Premji Hasham, Srinivasan Pagalthivarthi and Pagalthivarthi Srinivasan.

iii)Azim Premj Philanthropic Initiatives Private Limited.

Azim Premji Philanthropic Initiatives Private Limited is a Private incorporated on 18

February 2000. It is classified as Guarantee and Association company and is registered at
Registrar of Companies, Bangalore. Its authorized share capital is Rs. 0 and its paid up capital
is Rs. 0. It is inolved in Other financial intermediation. [This group includes financial
intermediation other than that conducted by monetary institutions.]
Azim Premji Philanthropic Initiatives Private Limited's Annual General Meeting (AGM) was
last held on 29 September 2018 and as per records from Ministry of Corporate Affairs
(MCA), its balance sheet was last filed on 31 March 2018.
Directors of Azim Premji Philanthropic Initiatives Private Limited are Yasmeen Azim
Premji, Tariq Azim Hasham Premji, Azim Premji Hasham and Rishad Premji Azim.

2.1 Vision, Mission and Quality Policy

i) TCS

Vision:-

TCS’ vision is to decouple business growth and ecological footprint from its operations to
address the environment bottom-line. The green approach is embedded in our internal
processes and services offerings from green buildings to green IT to a green supply chain, our
mantra is to grow sustainably and help our customers achieve sustainable growth through our
green solutions and service offering

Mission:-

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  To help customers achieve their business objectives by providing innovative, best-in-
class consulting, IT solutions and services.
 To make it a joy for all stakeholders to work with us.

QUALITY POLICY

 Value Customers through open communication, timely responses and continual

improvement.
 Appreciate and foster an environment of trust, integrity, challenge and reward that
attracts and retains the best employees in all positions throughout the company.
 Leverage efficient technology applied to all business processes in order to maintain a
competitive advantage.
 Purpose is customer satisfaction.

iii) WIPRO

Vision:-

 The vision of Wipro includes being a leader in areas of business, customer and
people.
 The company aims to be among the best IT company in India and the world.
 Its goals also include being the first choice among customers and employees.

Mission:-

 To be RF system solution provider, through its innovative Research & Design works
for a new world of Broadband Wireless Communications.

Quality Policy :-

 Wipro's quality policy basically states that their global view and that of their
customers determine their quality. They focus primarily on continual and consistent
improvements to achieve operational and organizational excellence.

2.3 Brief profile of key top management personnel of top 2 players with his/her career
highlights.

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i) TCS

CEO/CMD OF TCS

Natarajan Chandrasekaran is an Indian business executive who is the CEO and managing
director of Tata Consultancy Services. Chandrasekaran took over as the CEO on October 6,
2009 prior to which he was COO and Executive Director of TCS.

Natarajan Chandrasekaran
{Chief Executive Officer/ Chief Executive Director}

ii) INFOSYS
CEO/CMD of INFOSYS.
Dr. Sikka joined Infosys in 2014 to help transform the company during a time of significant
change in the services industry, change that was brought on by the cost imperatives of clients
on the one hand, and significant and rapid advancements in technology on the other hand.
Since joining Infosys, Dr. Sikka has implemented a strategy of helping clients renew their
existing landscapes to fundamentally drive down costs using automation and artificial
intelligence, and at the same time bring breakthrough innovation that transforms user and
consumer experiences, opens new business opportunities and new business models, and
leverages data in entirely new ways.

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 Dr. Vishal Sikka{Chief Executive Officer}

iii)WIPRO

CEO/CMD of WIPRO

Chairman Azim H. Premji, Sr. executives of Wipro who are global leader and visionary
from the Wipro Board of Directors which provides direction and guidance to the
organization.

Azim H. Premji
{Chief Executive Officer}

2.4 CSR policy

Meaning of CSR.

Companies need to answer to two aspects of their operations.

1. The quality of their management - both in terms of people
and processes (the inner circle).
2. The nature of, and quantity of their impact on society in the
various areas. Outside stakeholders are taking an increasing interest in the activity of the
company. Most look to the outer circle - what the company has actually done, good or bad, in
terms of its products and services, in terms of its impact on the environment and on local
communities, or in how it treats and develops its workforce. Out of the various stakeholders,

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it is financial analysts who are predominantly focused - as well as past financial performance
- on quality of management as an indicator of likely future performance. Corporate Social
Responsibility is the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute
to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their
families as well as of the local community and society at large. Traditionally in the United
States, CSR has been defined much more in terms of a philanthropic model. Companies make
profits, unhindered except by fulfilling their duty to pay taxes. Then they donate a certain
share of the profits to charitable causes. It is seen as tainting the act for the company to
receive any benefit from the giving. Personally, I believe this model is more sustainable
because:
1. Social responsibility becomes an integral part of the wealth creation process - which if
managed properly should enhance the competitiveness of business and maximize the
value of wealth creation to society.
2. When times get hard, there is the incentive to practice CSR more and better - if it is a
philanthropic exercise which is peripheral to the main business, it will always be the
first thing to go when push comes to shove.

2.4.1 CSR: TCS.

Nurturing People and Planet Tata Consultancy Services Limited is an IT services, business
solutions, and outsourcing organization that delivers real results to global businesses,
ensuring a level of certainty no other firm can match. Within its CSR activities, TCS
increasingly employs the use of technology as a key enabler to assist and resolve business
challenges faced by social organizations and to tackle development issues faced by diverse
communities globally. The CSR committee of the Board was constituted on April 16, 2014.
The Committee is responsible for recommending to the board a CSR policy as well as the
expenditure, monitoring the CSR policy from time to time, overseeing the activities
impacting the quality of life of various stakeholders and overseeing the Company's corporate
and societal obligations. The core themes for TCS' CSR programmes are: n

 Education & Skill Development

 Health

 Environment Programs under Education include IT enabled modules and advisory

systems for learning and creating an interest and enabling an interest in IT.

19
 Sanitation Project: On a national scale, TCS pledged INR 100 crore to the 'Swachh
Bharat, Swachh Vidyalaya Abhiyan' to build dedicated sanitation facilities for girl students in
adopted government schools. The programme is being rolled-out in a phase-wise manner,
with 860 schools targeted in Phase1.

 Visual Sub-titles: To help the hearing impaired understand videos which do not have sub
titles, TCS Innovation Labs – Mumbai is building a photo-recognition algorithm that can
generate 'lip movement; or 'visual' subtitles.

 Remote Speech Therapy (RST) platform: This low cost mobile application and web
based platform allows speech therapists to help patients practice and improve articulation.

 Mother and child welfare apps: TCS Innovation Labs – Mumbai, along with King
Edward Memorial (KEM) hospital and Mumbai Breastfeeding Promotion Committee
(MBPC), developed a mobile based application to educate lactating mothers. This was
launched at KEM hospital in 2015. The lab and KEM hospital have also developed an app
that allows expectant mothers and health workers evaluate the health status of the mother and
child.

 Social collaboration tool for crowd safety: A multilingual chat platform, GG talk, was
developed and deployed in the Kumbh Mela to help streamline field communication across
departments. Secure, realtime communication and the knowledge repository GG Talk offered
improved crowd management during the event.

 Energy and water: The Remote Energy Monitoring Solution that is creating real energy
savings for TCS has inputs in energy analytics from TCS Innovation Labs - Chennai, and is
based on the innovative the TCS IoT platform. Research on campus water management
continues to be an area of interest.

2.4.2 CSR: INFOSYS.

At Infosys, the distribution of wealth is as important as its legal and ethical creation. A strong
sense of social responsibility is therefore an integral part of our value system.

 Infosys Foundation: Infosys are committed to contributing to the society and established
the Infosys Foundation in 1996 as a not-for-profit trust to support our social initiatives. The

20
Foundation supports programs and organizations devoted to the cause of the destitute, the
rural poor, the mentally challenged, and the economically disadvantaged sections of the
society. The Foundation also helps preserve certain cultural forms and dying arts of India.

 Community service: Through our Computers@Classrooms initiative launched in January

1999, we donated 2,567 computers to various institutions across India. Additionally, we have
applied to the relevant authorities for permission to donate computers to educational
institutions on an ongoing basis in the future. Microsoft Corporation continues to participate
in this initiative by donating relevant software. We would like to place on record our
appreciation for their continued support.

 Social commitment in education: Infosys' Education & Research group has the pride of
anchoring the Infosys Extension Program (IEP), which consist of the Infosys Fellowship
Program, Rural Reach program, Catch Them Young and Train the Trainer.

 Business imperatives and strategy: As a global leader in consulting, technology, and

outsourcing solutions, Infosys works with clients in over 50 countries. Our experience gives
our clients distinct advantages, helping them manage their businesses and power their
transformation into smarter, more sustainable organizations. Our strategic objective is to
build a sustainable organization that remains relevant to the agenda of our clients, while
generating profitable growth for our investors.

 Stakeholder engagement: We are committed to the wellbeing of our stakeholders. Based

on discussions and deliberations with our Board and Management, we have arrived at a list of
stakeholders who are important to us, and the list includes clients, employees, investors,
suppliers / partners, governments / regulatory bodies, and local communities. The stakeholder
consultation process is used tosupport the highest governance body’s identification and
management of economic, environmental, and social impacts, as well as risks and
opportunities.

 Social Responsibility: Contributing to the world around us by reaching out to

communities in the regions where we operate has always been integral to our corporate social
responsibility. From uplifting the poorest sections of society through the Infosys Foundation,
promoting science and math education in the U.S. through the Infosys Foundation USA,
encouraging science and research through the Infosys Science Foundation, increasing the
employability of engineering students through Campus Connect, and simply empowering our
21
employees to become responsible citizens through volunteering, we will continue to strive
towards inclusive growth and community development.

 Environmental stewardship: To realize our vision of building sustainable ecosystems,

we identified energy, emissions, water, and waste as material aspects to focus on as a part of
our environmental sustainability efforts. We were the first IT company in the world to make a
commitment in the UN to become carbon neutral by fiscal 2018, reduce per capita electricity
consumption by 50 percent (against the baseline year 2008), and use 100 percent renewable
power by 2018. This year, we made investments in carbon offset projects, which have
environmental and social impacts. We became the first Indian company to join RE100 — a
global platform for major companies committed to 100 percent renewable power. Our
campus at Hyderabad has a solar plant that can help us meet 100 percent of our electricity
needs and we continue to innovate on improving energy performance in buildings by
focusing on highly efficient building designs, smart building automation, and deep green
retrofits

2.4.3 CSR: WIPRO.

At Wipro, our deliberate engagement with important social issues goes back a long time. In
2001 we added our first organized community initiatives (Wipro Cares) followed by a
program on school education in 2002 (Wipro Applying Thought in Schools). We started
working methodically on Ecology & Environment in 2008. In 2014, under the overarching
umbrella of Education, we added a significant new initiative on ‘Children with Disability’.
This program, at a conceptual level, is an extension of our long running and successful
program for 'Persons with Disability' within Wipro. This compelling imperative of boundary-
less thinking is a fundamental driving principle of all our programs.

A. Education

Our work in education is based on the guiding principles that (a) It must contribute to
systemic or institutional improvement in education and / or (b) It should address the needs of
underserved and underprivileged sections and (c) In all cases, the work must be deep and
meaningful. Our programs span school and college education across India as well as in the
U.S. and address the themes of ‘Organizational Capability Building’, ‘Good Quality
EducationalMaterial’,‘Advocacy’ and ‘Sustainability in Education.Wipro Applying Thought
in Schools (WATIS) is a social initiative working on building capacity in school education

22
reform in India. Over the past 14 years, WATIShas worked closely with 35 organizations
working in improvement of school education.

B. Primary Health Care and Communities

Along with education, access to primary health care is a key determinant of an individual’s
future trajectory in life, including the ability to engage in productive livelihoods and
responsible citizenship, In India, nearly 600 million people do not have access to basic health
care which is affordable and of good quality. At Wipro, our approach in this regard is to
focus on the health needs of our proximate communities around the major centers of our
operations. We run these programs through Wipro Cares, our public trust. Wipro Cares works
with partners who oversee the delivery of good quality primary health care services to
underserved communities covering more than 75000 people in 53 villages across
Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh & Uttarakhand. We follow an integrated approach
that along with the delivery of regular health services, lays emphasis on building the capacity
of the communities in developing a higher degree of self-reliance to handle their own primary
health care needs.

C. Ecology & Environment

Ecological sustainability is one of the defining challenges facing humanity in the 21st
century. How we manage the issues of climate change, water scarcity, biodiversity loss and
pollution will determine the trajectory of our development. Wipro’s engagement with these
issues goes back several years and is based on the dual approach of

(a) continually improving the energy, water, waste and biodiversity footprint of our business
operations and (b) engaging on community-level actions and advocacy on these issues. We
present below some interesting illustrations of our work(C). Wipro initiated the “Participative
Community Water Program” in the Sarjapur area in Bangalore which is completely
dependent on groundwater. The initiative seeks to involve proximate communities in a
unique citizen-led governance model of groundwater. The year saw the successful completion
of the first phase of developing a detailed groundwater aquifer map for a 33 sq km area
around our Sarjapur campus.

D. The power of Engaged Employees

Employees are integral to many of our social programs. The Wipro Cares trust is built on a
model of employee contribution that is matched by Wipro. Nearly one in three employees or

23
more than 48,000 Wiproites are contributors to Wipro Cares making this possibly the largest
such initiative in India and one of the largest in the world. During 2014-15, nearly 1600
employees also engaged with more than 3600 hours of volunteer work, Employees have also
keen participants in other significant initiatives including those on campus biodiversity and
improving public transportation services.

In conclusion, we recognize that this is a journey where one learns all the time. While on the
matter of ethics and values, we will hold ourselves up to the highest standards, on matters of
governance and management of our CSR programs, we recognize that there could be many
opportunities for improvement. We will continually self-reflect, act, and review all the time

2.5 Corporate Governance Initiatives

Corporate governance is the system of rules, practices and processes by which a company is
directed and controlled. Corporate governance essentially involves balancing the interests of
a company's many stakeholders, such as shareholders, management, customers, suppliers,
financiers, government and the community. Corporate governance broadly refers to the
mechanisms, processes and relations by which corporations are controlled and directed.
Governance structures and principles identify the distribution of rights and responsibilities
among different participants in the corporation (such as the board of directors, managers,
shareholders, creditors, auditors, regulators, and other stakeholders) and includes the rules
and procedures for making decisions in corporate affairs. Corporate governance includes the
processes through which corporations' objectives are set and pursued in the context of the
social, regulatory and market environment. Governance mechanisms include monitoring the
actions, policies, practices, and decisions of corporations, their agents, and affected
stakeholders.

1. TCS

TCS has a strong legacy of fair, transparent and ethical governance practices. TCS
has adopted a Code of Conduct for its employees including the Managing Director
and the Executive Directors. In addition, the Company has adopted a Code of
Conduct for its Non-Executive Directors. Both these codes are available on the
Company’s website.
Following is the code of conduct followed by TCS to achieve corporate
governance: Various committees that ensure that corporate governance is
followed are as follows:

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 Name Of Committee Scope in Company
1. Audit Committee  It is responsible for overview of the company’s
financial reporting process and disclosure of its
financial information to ensure that the financial
statements reflect a true and fair position and
that sufficient and credible information is
disclosed.
 Its responsible for recommending the
appointment and removal of external auditors,
fixationofauditfeeandalsoapprovalfor
payment for any other services.
2. Risk Management Committee  It is responsible for approval of annual
remuneration plan of thecompany.
 It is responsible for the remunerationand
commission/incentive payable to the managing
director for each financial year.

3. Shareholders/Investors Grievance Committee  It is responsible to look into the redressed of

complaints of investors such as transfer or
credit of shares, non-receiptof
dividend/notices/annual reports, etc.
4. Remuneration Committee
5. Ethics and Compliance Committee
6. Bank Account Committee
7. Nominations Committee
8. Executive Committee
9. STPI/SEZ Committee

2. INFOSYS

Name Of Committee Scope in Company

25
1. Audit committee
2. Compensation committee
3. Investor grievance committee
4. Nominations committee
26
 The primary objective of the committee is to
monitor and Providian effective supervision of
the Management's financial reporting process,
to ensure accurate and timely disclosures, with
the highest levels of transparency, integrity and
quality of financialreporting
 The committee oversees the work carried outin
the financial reporting process by the Management,
the internal auditors and the independent
auditor, and notes the processes and safeguards
employed by each ofthem.
 The committee has the ultimate authority and
responsibility to select, evaluate and, where
appropriate, replace the independent auditor in
accordance with thelaw.
 All possible measures must be taken by the
committee to ensure the objectivityand
independence of the independent auditor.
 The purpose of the compensation committee of
the Board shall be to discharge the Board’s
responsibilities relating to compensation of the
Company’s executive directors and senior
management.
 The committee has the overall responsibility of
approving and evaluating the compensation
plans, policies and programs forexecutive
directors and senior management
 The committee has the mandate to reviewand
redress shareholder grievances.
 The purpose of the nominations committee of
the Board of Infosys Limited is to oversee the
Company’s nomination process for the top level
Management and specifically to identify, screen
and review individuals qualified to serve as

5. Risk management committee
Executive Directors, non-Executive Directors
and Independent Directors consistent with
criteria approved by the Board and to
recommend, for approval by the
Board,nominees for election at the annual
meeting of
shareholders.
 The purpose of the risk management committee
(‘the committee’) of the Board of Infosys
Limited shall be to assist the Board unfulfilling
its corporate governance in overseeing the

responsibilities with regard to the identification,

evaluation and mitigation of operational, strategic
and external environment risks.
 The committee has overall responsibility for
monitoring and approving the risk policies and
associated practices of the Company.
 The risk management committee is also
responsible for reviewing and approving risk
disclosure statements in any public documents
or disclosures.

3. WIPRO

Wipro was observed to be in compliance with all the mandatory conditions of Corporate
Governance. It has constituted sub-committees to focus on specific areas and make informed
decisions within the authority delegated to each of the Committees. Each Committee of the
Board is guided by its Charter, which defines the scope, powers and composition of the
Committee. All decisions and recommendations of the Committees are placed before the
Board either for information or approval. Wipro has four sub-committees of the Corporate
Governance Board.

Name Of Committee Scope in Company

27
1. Audit/Risk and Compliance Committee  It recommending the appointment of our
independent auditors to the shareholders.
 It observes compliance with legal and statutory
requirements.
 It ensures integrity of the Company’s financial
statements, discussing with the independent
auditors the scope of the annual audits, and fees to
be paid to the independent auditors.
 It reviews performance of the Company’s
Internal Audit function, Independent Auditors
and accounting practices and related party
transactions, functioning of Whistle Blower
mechanism.
 It also reviews implementation of the applicable
provisions of the Sarbanes Oxley Act 20020.
2. Board Governance, Nomination and  It is responsible for developing and
Compensation Committee
recommending to the Board corporate
governance guidelines applicable to the
Company. It is responsible for developing and
recommending to the Board corporate
governance guidelines applicable to the
Company.
 It evaluates the Board on a continuing basis,
including an assessment of the effectiveness of
the full Board, operations of the Board
Committees and contributions of individual
directors.
 It establishes policies and procedures to assess
the requirements for induction of new members
on the Board. It implements policies and
processes relating to corporate governance
principles.
 It is responsible for approving and evaluating the
compensation plans, policies and programs for
whole-time directors and senior management,
and acting as Administrator of the Company’s
Employee Stock Option Plans and Employee
Stock Purchase Plans drawn up from time to
time.
28

3. Administrative/Shareholders & Investors
Grievance Committee
 It reviews the Company’s policies that relate to
matters of corporate social responsibility,
including public issues of significance to the
Company and its shareholders.
 It is also responsible for formulating the
Disclosure Policy, its review and approval of
disclosures and determining and approving
salaries, benefits and stock option grants to senior
management employees and directors of our
Company.
 The Administrative/Shareholders & Investors
Grievance Committee is responsible for resolving
investor’s complaints pertaining to share
transfers, non-receipt of annual reports, Dividend
payments, issue of duplicate share certificates,
transmission of shares and other shareholder
related queries, complaints etc.
 In addition to above, this Committee is also
empowered to oversee administrative matters like
opening / closure of Company’s Bank accounts,
grant and revocation of general, specific and
banking powers of attorney, consider and
approve allotment of equity shares pursuant to
exercise of stock options, setting up branch
offices and other administrative matters as
delegated by Board from time to time.

3 External Environment

3.1Governing Body of IT industry.

NASSCOM

The National Association of Software and Services Companies (NASSCOM) is a trade

association of Indian Information Technology (IT) and Business Process Outsourcing (BPO)
industry. Established in 1988, NASSCOM is a non-profit organization. NASSCOM is a
global trade body with over 2000 members, of which over 250 are companies from the China,
EU, Japan, US and UK. NASSCOM's member companies are in the business of software
development, software services, software products, IT-enabled/BPO services and ecommerce.

29
NASSCOM facilitates business and trade in software and services and encourages the
advancement of research in software technology. It is registered under the Indian Societies
Act, 1860. NASSCOM is headquartered in New Delhi, India, with regional offices in the
cities of Bengaluru, Chennai, Hyderabad, Kochi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Pune and
Thiruvananthapuram

3.1.1. EVENTS

NASSCOM organizes the India Leadership Forum. It gives a platform to the developing
companies to network and present their product. Some of the notable events:

 NASSCOM Product Conclave

 Developer Roadshow

 Engineering Summits

 Nasscom Emerge 50

This is a six-month engagement, which will help the organization to develop a better
assessment of their strengths and weaknesses.

1. Insights on industry trends

 Access to NASSCOM research and intelligence that tracks industry trends, growth
opportunities and best practices.
 Access to industry presentations, blogs, discussions and articles.
 An opportunity to engage with the NASSCOM research team and share case studies or
transformational stories.
2. Opportunities to enhance visibility

 Visibility through features and interviews on the NASSCOM website, as well as the
monthly newsletter, NASSCOM Newsline.
 Speak, sponsor or participant opportunities at NASSCOM events.
 Chance to contribute to blogs and newsletters as thought leaders.
 Brand building through NASSCOM awards and recognitions.
3. Opportunity to network, build and share best practices

 Chance to use the member database on NASSCOM's website to post a trade lead, or
participate in one.

30
 Chance to share or learn best practices through city-level networking sessions on human
capital development, data security, contract management, quality, diversity and more.

4. Global trade development

 Members can participate in opportunities for global networking and build business at
NASSCOM's global events, and through delegations and road shows.
 Network with companies in other countries through their delegations to India.
 Receive information regularly about policy updates in countries.
 Understand issues related to visas, immigration through NASSCOM's mobility best
practices sessions.
 Learn about trends and opportunities in markets through country reports.

3.2Issues affecting the Industry.

 10 Challenges facing IT

1: Customer service:- Improve customer service by listening to and meeting the client's
needs. Make customer service job number one.

2: Human resources:- Develop creative ways to minimize stress, satisfy employee needs, and
match corporate needs to employee goals.

3: Productivity:- Make the best use of new technologies like cloud and mobile computing but
search out additional ways to increase productivity.

4: Complexity:- Manage and tame the complexity beast.

5: Obsolescence:- Increase the productive life of systems, software, and equipment.

6: Budgets:- Accomplish more with budgets similar to last year.

7: Marketing/public relations:- If you don't have the expertise, hire marketing and PR experts
who can get it right.

8: Multinational operations:- Instill a culture of teamwork among international team members

with diverse backgrounds and varying ethnicities.

31
9: The mobile generation:- Make use of mobile technology without tearing down the virtual
wall between work and family and leisure time. 10: Data storage and retrieval:- Determine
what data, if any, is susceptible to bit rot and transfer to new media before it becomes a
problem.

5 Financials

5.1 Contribution to GDP

 Information technology is today a $100-billion industry in India, employing three

million and constituting 8 per cent of the GDP.

 Information technology is today a $100-billion industry in India, employing three

million and constituting 8 per cent of the GDP. However, the sector has recently been
dogged by slowing top line growth, flagging margins and uncertain numbers even as
the bigger players are seemingly battling an uneasy midlife crisis.

 Recipe for continue success –

 Movement from low-cost to high-value business

 IP creation is key
 Start-up innovation culture
 Frugal approach for developing markets
 Adopting the MNC culture

5.2 Pricing Policy

 Pricing policies are directly proportional to specific dollars per hour and so on.

 Infosys Technologies has developed a new method of pricing software maintenance

projects to make its revenues more effort-based and less manpower dependent & the
company starts offering clients ticket-based pricing as opposed to fixed price and time
and material-based pricing for software maintenance projects.

 The move is aimed at increasing revenues without a proportional increase in the

number of employees.

6. Recent Developments

32
6.1Trends in Industry

WIX:

Wix.com Ltd. is an Israeli cloud-based web development platform that was first developed
and popularized by the Israeli company also called Wix. It allows users to create HTML5
websites and mobile sites through the use of online drag and drop tools.[4] Along with its
headquarters and other offices in Israel, Wix also has offices in Canada, Brazil, Germany,
India, Ireland, Lithuania, the United States, and Ukraine.

GRAMMARLY:

Grammarly is an online grammar checking, spell checking, and plagiarism detection

platform for the English language developed by Grammarly, Inc. The software was first
released in July 2009. Grammarly's proofreading resources check against more than 250
grammar rules.

ZOHO PROJECTS:

Zoho Projects is a cloud-based project management solution designed for small and midsize
companies. It offers project scheduling and budgeting, which allows project managers to
define project tasks, assign them to their teams, estimate project costs and follow up on in-
progress tasks.

33
Instructions:

1. Students shall select two sectors in consultation with IAR faculties

2. Students shall give presentation on both the sectors.
3. Students shall prepare final report on only one sector out of two selected. This selection
of sector shall be in consultation of IAR faculties.
4. Referencing –
As per APA Style
 Journal name, year of publication, issue month, Title of paper
 Annual report (year), company official web-site)
 Web-site access (url of site, name of author, name of article, date of access)
 Books referred (author, title, publisher, edition, page numbers))

Examples of referencing as bellow

Journal article/ research paper/ Report
Senior, B., & Swailes, S. (2007). Inside management teams: Developing a teamwork
survey instrument. British Journal of Management, 18, 138-153.
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8551.2006.00507.x

Zoltners, Andris A., Sinha et al. (1979). ‘An Optimal Algorithm For Sales
Representative Time Management’. Management Science, Dec79, Vol. 25, Issue 12,
pp1197-1207, p11.

Website:
http://www.pump-zone.com/topics/pumps/pumps/prime-pump-opportunities,
retrieved on 8/8/2012 at 09:45 am
www.matherplatt.com

Book
Kohari, C. R. (2005).‘Research Methodology’.New Age International Publishers, 2e,
pp11-21.

34
5. Layout and printing

 Font Type: Times new Roman

 Font size: 12
 Headings: Font size 12 and make it bold
 Paper size: A-4
 Line spacing: 1.5”
 Margin: 1” each side
 Page numbers: end of page right hand corner

Binding: Spiral
Printing: Both side of pages excluding initial pages (Title page, Certificate,
Declaration, and Acknowledgment
Copies: Two per group

6. Certificate has to be printed on WPU letterhead which can be obtained from

administrative office.
7. Instructions in blue color font has to be replaced with your specific information and font
color has to be changed to black.

35