a. Period of Delivery b, Delivery Without Surrender of Bill of Lading c. Refusal of Consignee to Take Delivery 3. Period for Fling Clam: 4, Period for Fling Actions E, Maritime Commerc 1. Gharter Parties. a. Bareboat/Demise Chatter .. b. Time Gharter c. Voyage/Trip Charter 2. Liability of Ship Owners and Shipping Agents a. Liability for Acts of Captain b, Limited Liability Rul c. Exceptions to the Limited Liability Rule 3. Accidents and Damagesin Maritime Commerce. a. General and Particular Averages b, Collisions 4. Carriage of Goods by Sea Act a. Application b, Notice of Loss or Danage . Petiodof Prescription Limitation of Liability F. TheWarsaw Convention 1. Applicability . 2. Limitation of Liability a. Liability to Passengers b, Liability for Checked Baggage. . Liability for Handcaried Baggage 3. Willful Misconduct VI. The Corporation Code A. Corporatio 1. Definition .. 2. Attributes of the Corporation B. asses of Corporations C. Nationality of Corporations .. 1. Place of Incorporation Test 2. Control Test 3. Grandfather Rule D. Corporate Juridical Personality 1. Doctrine of Separte Judicial Personality . a. Liability for Torts and Crimes b, Recovery of Moral Damages .. 2. Doctrine of Piercing the Corporate Veil a. Grounds for Application of Doctrine .. b, Test in Determining Applicabilty Incorporation and Organization .. m 1. Number and Qualifications of Incorporators... 186 2. Corporate Name - Limitation on Use of Corporate Nane 188 3. Corporate Term 191 4, Minimum Capital Stock and Subscription Requirements 5, Articles of Incorporation a. Nature and Function Articles6. 7, F. Corporate Powers L 2. 3. 4 G. Board of Directors andTrustees BONE b. Contents c. Amendment . Non-Amenable Items Registration and Issuance of Certificate of Incorporation Adoption of By-Laws a. Nature and Functions of By-Laws .. 1b, Requisites of Valid By-Laws c. Binding Effects d. Amendment or Revision .. General Powers, Theory of General Capacity Specific Powers, Theory of Specific Capacity a. Power to Extend and Shorten Corporate Term 'b, Power to Increase or Decrease Capital Sto ck or Incurm Create, Increase Bonded Indebtedness c. Power to Deny PI Power to Sell or Dispose of Corporate Assets . e. Power to Acquire Own Shares £. Powerto Invest Corporate Funds in Another Corporation or Business .. g. Power to Declare Dividends h., Power to Enter Into Management Contract ity of UltraVires Doctine Consequences of UltraVires Act How Exercised a. By the Shareholders 6. b, By the Directors c. By the Officers Trust Fund Doctrine .. Doctrine of Centralized Management Business Judgment Rule Tenure, Qualifications and Disqualifications of Directors or Trustees Elections . a. Cumulative Voting/ Straight Voting b. Quorum Removal Filing ofVacancies... Compensation Fiduciaries Duties and Liability Rules Responsibility for Crimes.. Inside Information... Contracts a. By Self-Dealing with the Corporation bb, Between Corporations with Interlocking Directors Executive Committee Meetings .. a. Regular or Special .. i, When adWhere .. ii, Notice b, Who Presides... © Quorum a. Rule on AbstentionH, Stockholders and Member: 1. Rights ofa Stockholder and Member. a. Doctrine of Equality of Share: 2. Participation in Management a. Proxy . b, Voting Trust ¢. Cases When Stockholdrs’ Action is Required... 3, Proprietary Rights .. a. Right to Dividend: b. Right of Appraisal . Right to Inspect Pre-Emptive Righ e. Rightto Vote £. Right of First Refusal 4. Remedial Rights a. Individual Suit . b, Representative Suit ¢. Derivative Sui Obligations of a Sto ckholder Meetings a. Regular or Special i, When andWhere Notice.. b, Who Calls the Meetings .. ©. Quorum: Mimutes of Meetings Capital Structure 1. Subscription Agreements 2. Consideration for Stocks. 3. Shares of Stock a. Nature of Stock b, WateredStock i, Defin ii, Liability of Directors for Watered Stocks. iii, Trust Fund Doctrine for Liability for Watered Stocks .. d Situs of the Shares of Stock e. Gasses of Shares of Stock 4. Payment of Balance of Subscription a. Call by Board of Directors .. b, Notice Requirement . Sale of Delinquent Share: i, Effect of Delinquency Call by Resolution ofthe Board of Directors iii, Notice of Sale iv. Auction Sale and the Highest Bidder 5. Certificate of Stock .. a. Nature ofthe Certificate b, Uncertifcated Shares c. Negotiability i Requirements for Valid Transfer of Stocks .. d Issuance an Pull Payment Payment Pro Rata.e. Lost or Destroyed Certificates 6, Stock and Transfer Bo ok .. a. Content: b, Who may make Valid Entries .. 7. Disposition and Encumbrance of Shares a. Sale of Shares .. b, Allowable Restrictions on the Sde of Shares .. c. Requisites of aValid Transfer d. Involuntary Dealingswith Shares .. J. Dissolution and Liquidation 1. Modes of Dissolution.. a. Voluntary i Where No Creditors Are Affected Where Creditors Are Affected. .__By Shortening of Corporate Term. b. Invohmtary i, By Expiration of Corporate Term ii, Failure to Organize and Commence Business Within 2 Years From Incorporation .. ii. Legislative Dissolution .. iv. Dissolution by the SEC on Ground under Existing Laws 2. Methods of Liquidation a. By the Corporation Itself b, Conveyance to a Trustee within Three-Year Period c. By Management Committee or Rehabilitation Receiver 4d. Liqnidation After Three Years K. Other Corporations . 1, Non-Stock Corporations a. Definition b, Purposes c. Treatment of Profits d. Distribution of Assets upon Dissolution 2. Foreign Corporations. a. Bases of Authority over Foreign Corporations i. Consent ii, Doctrine of “Doing Business” (related to definition under the For Investments Act, RA. No. 7042).. b, Necessity of Licenseto Do Busines: i, Requisites for Issuance of aLicense ii, Resident Agent . Personality to Sui . Suability of Foreign Corporation: e. Instances When Unlicensed Foreign Corporations May Be Allowed to Sue £ Grounds for Revocation of License .. L. Mergers and Consolidations Definition and Concept Plan of Merger or Consolidation Arties of Merger or Consolidation Procedure Effectivity Effects and Limitations L 2 3 4. 5. 6. jes Regulation Code (R.A. No. 8799)