OMPING, ABDUL HAKIM G.

ELE133-Tt February 18, 2020

10 GREEK MYTHOLOGY LESSER GODS AND GODDESSES

Asclepius
Asclepius was the god of medicine and healing in ancient Greek mythology, according to
which he was born a mortal but was given immortality as the constellation Ophiuchus after his
death. His name means "cut up," and (perhaps incidentially) shares a root with the word scalpel.
He represents the healing aspect of the medical arts, while his daughters Hygieia, Meditrine, and
Panacea symbolize the forces of cleanliness, medicine and healing (literally, "all-healing"),
respectively. Occasionally he is also linked to his son Telesforos, who represents the powers of
recuperation.

Dione
Dione in Greek mythology was a Greek goddess primarily known as the mother of
Aphrodite in Book V of Homer's Iliad. Aphrodite journeys to Dione's side after she has been
wounded in battle protecting her favorite son Aeneas. In this episode, Dione seems to be the
equivalent of the earth goddess Gaia, whom Homer also placed in Olympus. Book VI of the Iliad
suggests Dione was the mother of many others, though that was lost through time. [verification
needed] The Mother of the Gods was shunted aside when the 12 Gods of Olympus came to
predominate. [citation needed] Dione has been said to be one of the most important gods, though
no votive suggest that she was ever included among them. Dione's parentage is sometimes
considered to be Gaia and Uranus, though otherwise she is daughter of nothingness.

Erinyes – Furies
In Greek mythology the Erinyes or Eumenides (the Romans called them the Furies) were
female personifications of vengeance. They were usually said to have been born from the blood
of Uranus when Cronus castrated him. According to a variant account, they were born from Nyx.
Their number is usually left indeterminate, though Virgil, probably working from an Alexandrian
source, recognized three: Alecto ("unceasing"), Megaera ("grudging"), and Tisiphone ("avenging
murder"). The heads of the Erinyes were wreathed with serpents, their eyes dripped with blood,
and their whole appearance was terrific and appalling. Sometimes they had the wings of a bat or
bird, or the body of a dog.

Eris
Eris is the Greek goddess of chaos, strife and discord, her name being translated into
Latin as Discordia. Her Greek opposite is Harmonia; whose Latin counterpart is Concordia.
Homer equated her with the war goddess Enyo, whose Roman counterpart is Bellona. The dwarf
planet Eris is named after the goddess, as is the religion Discordianism. Eris is the daughter of
Zeus and Hera. Her name translates into Latin as Discordia. Her Greek opposite is Harmonia;
whose Latin counterpart is Concordia. In addition to her main activity of sowing discord, she
frequently accompanies her brother Ares to battles. On these occasions she rides his chariot and
brings her son Strife. Eris is unpopular and frequently snubbed as a guest by the other gods and
mankind.

Eros
In Greek mythology, Eros was the god responsible for lust, love, and sex; he was also
worshipped as a fertility deity. His name is the root of words such as erotic. His Roman
equivalent was Cupid, "desire", also known as Amor, "love". He was often associated with
Aphrodite. Like Dionysus, he was sometimes referred to as Eleutherios, "the liberator".
Throughout Greek thought, there appear to be two sides to the conception of Eros; in the first, he
is a primeval deity who embodies not only the force of erotic love but also the creative urge of
ever-flowing nature, the first-born Light that is responsible for the coming into being and
ordering of all things in the cosmos.

Fates – Moirae
The Fates have the subtle but, awesome power of deciding a man’s destiny. The assign a
man to good or evil. There most obvious choice is choosing how long a man lives. There are
three Fates. Clotho, the spinner, who spins the thread of life. Lachesis, the measurer, who
chooses the lot in life one will have and measures off how long it is to be. Atropos, she who
cannot be turn, who at death with her shears cuts the tread of life.

Charites - The Graces

In Greek mythology, the Charites were the Graces. Ordinarily they were three: Aglaea,
the youngest, Euphrosyne and Thalia (according to the Spartans, Cleta was the third), but others
are sometimes mentioned, including Auxo, Charis, Hegemone, Phaenna, and Pasithea (see
Pausanius below). They were the daughters of Zeus and Eurynome, usually, though also said to
be daughters of Dionysus and Aphrodite or of Helios and the naiad Aegle. Homer claimed they
were part of the retinue of Aphrodite. Their Roman equivalent were the Gratiae (Graces).

Hebe
In Greek mythology, Hebe is the goddess of youth (Roman equivalent: Juventas). She is
the daughter of Zeus and Hera. Hebe was the cupbearer for the gods and goddesses of Mount
Olympus, serving their nectar and ambrosia, until she was married to Heracles (Roman
equivalent: Hercules); her successor was the young Trojan prince Ganymede. Another title of
hers, for this reason, is "Ganymeda." She also drew baths for Ares and helped Hera enter her
chariot.

Nemesis
In Greek mythology, Nemesis was the goddess of divine justice and vengeance. Her
anger was seen as directed chiefly toward those guilty of arrogance (Hubris), particularly human
arrogance towards the gods and their laws. Nemesis pursued the insolent and the wicked with
inflexible vengeance. Her cult probably originated from Smyrna. She was described by Greek
writers as the daughter of Oceanus or Zeus, but according to Hesiod she was a child of Erebus
and Nyx.In English the meaning of the word nemesis has changed somewhat. It now usually
means an ultimate or unbeatable enemy, as in the phrase "to meet one's nemesis." The sense of
nemesis being a just punishment for hubris has generally been lost.

Nymph
In Greek mythology, a nymph is any member of a large class of female nature entities,
sometimes bound to a particular location or landform. Nymphs often accompanied various gods
and goddesses, and were the frequent target of lusty satyrs. Nymphs are frequently associated
with the superior divinities, the huntress Artemis, the prophetic Apollo, the reveller and god of
trees Dionysus, and with rustic gods such as Pan and Hermes.
 10 GREEK MYTHOLOGY MONSTERS

Arachne
The Arachne is a creature from Greek Mythology, whose name was later used for words
like “Arachnid”, and “Arachnophobia”. There’s very little to fear about the story of Arachne,
however, hers is a cautionary tale about pride that we can all learn from and according to the
myth, Arachne was a very famous and talented weaver.

Arion
Arion was an ancient Greek mythical creature that took the form of giant, extremely swift
horse. Arion was endowed with both eternal life and the ability to speak

Centaurs
In Greek Mythology, Centaurs (or Kentaouri) are half-man, half-horse creatures that
inhabited the mountains and forests of Thessaly. Centaurs were said to be primal, existing in
tribes and making their homes in caves, hunting wild animals and arming themselves with rocks
and tree branches.

Cerberus
Cerberus are the three headed dog of Greek Mythology were there are many unique
creatures mentioned in Greek Mythology. One of the most well-known may be the three-headed
dog known as Cerberus. It was the job of Cerberus to guard the entrance of Hades. In Greek
Mythology, this was the underworld where spirits of the dead were the only ones allowed to
enter.

Chimaera
A fire-breathing monster Chimaera has become one of the most famous female monsters
described in Greek Mythology. An aura of mystery has always surrounded this creature. (Even
today, the name “Chimaera” sometimes refers to genetic puzzle.) Greek sailors considered it a
very bad omen to see Chimaera.

Cyclops
The cyclops were giant; one-eyed monsters; a wild race of lawless creatures who possess
neither social manners nor fear the Gods. Cyclopes means ‘round eye’ considered the sons of
Uranus and Gaea in which they workmen of the God Hephaestus whose workshop was in the
heart of the volcanic mountain Etna.

Harpies
They were mythical monsters in Greek mythology that had the form of a bird with a
human pale face; often agents of punishment to their abducted people and tortured them on their
way to Hades’ domain, employed by the God as instruments for the punishment of the guilty.
Lamia-The child devouring Queen-Monster
Ancient writer described Lamia, the daughter of Poseidon as a “Queen of surpassing
beauty.” It was her attractive appearance that led to her unfortunate future. Her trouble began
when her exquisite beauty drew the attention of Zeus. Lama eventually became Zeus’ mistress
much to the displeasure of his wife, Hera.

Medusa
One of the most popular monsters of Greek Mythology, Medusa was a beautiful maiden
with golden hair. She vowed to celibate her entire life as a priestess of Athena until she fell in
love with Poseidon. She went against her vow and married him. For this, Athena punished her
hideously.

Minotaur
The tale of the Minotaur is one of the classics of Greek mythology and contains an
extraordinary number if important elements. Characters like the brilliant Daedalus, strong
Theseus, evil king Minos and his beautiful daughter Ariadne all make an appearance in the
Story. The concept of Labyrinth or the endless underground maze.