Thermoplastics These plastics soften with

heat and harden again

when cool

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Thermosetting plastics Once chemical reaction

has taken place the shape
of this plastic cannot be
reversed

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Types of thermoplastics Polyethylene,
polypropylene, polyvinyl
chloride, polystyrene,
acrylic, nylon and Teflon
are examples of
thermoplastics.

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Types of thermosetting The main thermosetting

plastics plastics are epoxy resin,
melamine formaldehyde,
polyester resin and urea
formaldehyde.

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 Polyethylene (PE) Most popular plastic in
the world.
High thermal movement.
High impermeability.
Easily processed Low cost
Loses strength in sunlight.

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Polyethylene uses in Cold water cisterns. Cold

construction water pipes. Waste water
pipes. Damp proof
courses/ membranes.
Chemical resisting
membranes.

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Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Cheap and versatile. Very
good weathering
properties. Good
chemical resistance.
Softens at 70⁰C. Durable.
Not suitable for hot water
pipes. Low cost.

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Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Window frames. Cold

uses in construction water pipes. PVC flooring.
Roof coverings.

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 Plasticised Polyvinyl Plasticisers added to
Chloride (PVC-P) make flexible PVC. Good
electrical insulation.
Water resisting. Self-
extinguishing.

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Plasticised Polyvinyl Floor coverings - vinyl

Chloride (PVC-P) uses in sheet/ tile floor. Water
construction stops. Electrical cable
Insulation.

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 Urea Formaldehyde Products are white or
bright colours e.g. toilet
seats or electrical
accessories.

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Glass Fibre Reinforced Used for plastic slates.

Plastic (GRP) Cladding panels.
Formwork. Bath / shower
cubicles. Industrial
flooring.

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Geotextile material Can be used to strengthen
soil. Provides the tensile
strength needed.

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Sealants e.g. mastic Can be used to provide

movement in joints.
Waterproof. Uses include
in showers or other wet
areas.

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