Programming

language

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Programming languages , or often termed

computer languages or computer
programming languages , are standard
instructions for governing computers .
This programming language is a set of
syntax and semantic rules that are used to
define computer programs . This language
allows a programmer to determine exactly
which data will be processed by a
computer, how this data will be stored /
forwarded, and what types of steps will be
taken in various situations exactly.

According to the level of proximity to a

computer machine, a programming
language consists of:

1. Machine Language, which gives

commands to computers using
 binary language codes, for example
01100101100110
2. Low-level language, or known as
assembly language (bah.Inggris
Assembly ), which gives commands
to computers using short codes (
mnemonic codes ), for example
machine_ codes | MOV , SUB, CMP,
JMP, JGE, JL, LOOP, etc.
3. Intermediate Level Language, which
is a computer language that uses a
mixture of instructions in human
language words (see the example
High Level Language below) and
 symbolic instructions, for example
{,},?, <<, >>, &&, ||, etc.
4. High Level Language, which is a
computer language that uses
instructions derived from elements of
human language words, for example
begin, end, if, for, while, and, or, etc.
Computers can understand human
language that is needed by a compiler
or interpreter program .

Most programming languages are

classified as High Level Language, only C
language is classified as Intermediate
Level Language and Assembly which is
Low Level Language.
Understanding Programming
Languages
Programming Language (programming
language) is a standard instruction to
instruct the computer to perform certain
functions. This programming language is a
set of syntax and semantic rules that are
used to define computer programs. This
language allows a programmer to
determine exactly which data will be
processed by a computer, how this data
will be stored / forwarded, and what types
of steps are exactly to be taken in various
situations.
 f
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The function of programming languages is
to order the computer to process data in
accordance with the flow of thought we
want. The output of the programming
language is in the form of a program /
application. Examples are programs used
by cashiers in malls or supermarkets, use
of traffic lights on highways, etc.

There are a lot of Programming Languages

in the world, about computer science and
technology today. Its development follows
the high innovations carried out in the
world of technology. Examples of
programming languages that we know are,
among others, for creating game
applications, antivirus, web, and other
technologies.

Computer programming languages that

we are familiar with include Java, Visual
Basic, C ++, C, Cobol, PHP, .Net, and
hundreds of other languages. But of
course the needs of this language must be
adapted to the functions and devices that
use it.

In general, programming languages are

divided into 4 groups, namely:

Object Oriented Language (Visual

dBase, Visual FoxPro, Delphi, Visual C)
High Level Language (like Pascal and
Basic)
Middle Level Language (like C
language), and
Low Level Language (like Assembly
language)
Depth
High Level Languages

Programming languages enter this level

because they are close to human
languages. [1] Examples are Basic, Visual
Basic, Pascal, Java, PHP.

Intermediate Level Languages

Called intermediate level because it can

enter into high or low level languages. For
example the language C.

Low Level Languages

Programming languages enter this level
because the language is still far from
human language. For example Assembly
language.

G
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Meanwhile, according to its generation,
programming languages are classified into
4 generations:

1st generation: machine language

2nd generation: assembly language :
Assembler
3rd generation: high level programming
language , for example: C and Pascal
4th generation: 4 GL ( fourth-generation
language ), for example: SQL
5th Generation: Programming Language
Based Object Oriented & Web
Development

The Process of Making the P

 r
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The process of making a program that is
we write the source code in a text editor
such as notepad and then convert it into
machine language that can be executed by
the CPU. The process of changing the
source code (source code) into machine
language (machine language) consists of
two kinds, namely compilation and
interpretation.
Compilation

In the compilation process all the source

code is read first and if there are no errors
in writing the program the machine code
will be formed so that the program can be
run. Programs that perform this task are
called Compilers. The compiled program
will be executable. Programs can be run
immediately without having to have a
Compiler on the computer running the
program. Languages that use compilation
techniques such as C, C ++, Pascal,
Assembly and many more.
Interpretation (Interpretation)

Languages that use interpretation

techniques will read the source code in a
line and execute it in a line. If an error is
found in writing the program, it is in the
error line that the program will be
terminated. The program that carries out
this task is called the Interpreter. In the
interpretation technique there will be no
standalone program, meaning that to run
the program we must have the source
code as well as the program interpreter.
Languages that use interpretation
techniques such as Perl, Python, Ruby and
many more.
At the same compilation
Interpretations

There is also a programming language

that produces programs with both
compilation and interpretation techniques.
For example java language. In making java
programs the source code is changed to
bytecode. Even though it looks like
machine language but this is not machine
language and is not executable. To run the
bytecode we need a Java Runtime
Environment (JRE) which acts as an
interpreter so as to produce a program
from the bytecode.
Although every programming language is
made to make a program, each language
is made with different goals and functions.
For example, to make hardware drivers we
cannot use the Visual Basic language. To
create a system based program such as
driver, you can use C or Assembly
language. For example linux operating
system which is open source. If you look
at the source code you will find that linux
is made using C language. Whereas for
desktop programming we can use Visual
Basic. The language was designed by
Microsoft for desktop programming with a
stunning GUI display.
The programming language
commonly used
HTML / CSS
many do not consider this part of the
programming language, but if you look
at where the web program comes from,
it can be sure html / CSS is the basis of
it all, so if you want to learn to make a
static web first you will definitely learn
basic HTML / CSS .
JavaScript
JavaScript is a very popular way to add
interactive features to web pages and
applications. This is one of the easiest
languages to learn and can be used for
anything such as validating form data to
develop games, making it a very popular
choice for beginners.
PHP
Programming languages are used
primarily for developing dynamic web
pages. This means that instead of
creating a separate file full of code for
each page of the site, you can write a
set of rules to access and display
information from a database that can
then create pages and call them when
they are needed.
C ++
. Developed to add object-oriented
features to the C language, with the
addition of classes and other features. C
++ is now widely used with a large
variety of applications. Learning C ++
also has the advantage that it is easier
to learn other C languages namely C #
and C. All C languages are generally
seen as intermediate programming
languages.
C#
C Sharp said, this language was created
by Microsoft in the NET framework. . If
you want to write a windows application,
or especially if you want to write code
for desktop software, this is very
important. This is a general OOP goal
that shares many similarities with old C
languages.
C
The root of the C language is from the
BCPL language which was developed by
Martin Richards in 1967. This language
gave the idea to Ken Thompson who
then developed a language called B in
1970. The next development of the B
language was the C language by Dennis
Ritchie around 1970 -an at Bell
Telephone Laboratories Inc. ( now :
AT&T Bell Laboratories). The C language
was first used in the Digital Equipment
Corporation PDP-11 computer that uses
the UNIX operating system. [2]
This is the C version which is used by the
Apple operating system as well as a small
number of other applications. If you want
to specialize in writing code for Apple
products, then this is the program that you
have to master.

Python
Very popular in the scientific and
academic community, but has also been
used to create popular websites such as
Pinterest. This is relatively easy to learn
compared to something like C or its
derivatives, but it's still very flexible in
terms of what you can do with it.
Java
Used by Google as an integral part of
the Android operating system, and by
independent developers to create
Android applications (as well as other
uses). Java was created with a "write
once, run anywhere" (WORA) approach
to make it easy for code written on one
machine to run on another machine.
Ruby
This is a pure OOP popular from Japan.
The open source programming language
is dynamic, easy to understand and
productive. Ruby syntax is elegant,
natural, easy to read and write.
Visual Basic
 Originating from 'BASIC', which was very
popular in the early days of personal
computing, Visual Basic (VB) allows
simple programs to be created quickly
and easily, while also allowing for more
complex coding.

L
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See also
List of programming languages

References
 1. ^ Sobri, Muhammad. Pengantar
Teknologi Informasi - Konsep dan
Teori. ISBN 9789792963120.
2. ^ Hartono, Jogiyanto (2000). Konsep
Dasar Pemrograman Bahasa C.
Yogyakarta: Penerbit Andi Yogyakarta.
hlm. 1. ISBN 9795333429.

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