Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 22 PDF

    Uploaded by

    veeruvishwa2
    44 views13 pages

    Original Title

    22.pdf

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    44 views13 pages

    22 PDF

    Uploaded by

    veeruvishwa2

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 13
    SECURE SYNOPSIS: 22 OCTOBER 2019 SECURE SYNOPSIS: 22 OCTOBER 2019 NOTE: Please remember that flloinganswersate NOT imadel ansier. They are NOT synopsis oof we o by definition of the term, What we are providing conten that both meets demand of the question and at he same time gives you extra pots inthe form of backround information, Incian society ass ¥ NCERT ep bmand of ein Sof esa Introduction: ‘Womens movements are amang the mast important crusade of mogern social movamants, Isard of wth the efor of Raja Ram Mohan Ray and istwar Chandra Vidyasagar to igt for womens pts du to inhumane practiees tke Sat The per stata women ‘aced these most, nowever, today Women ef lover socal strata belonging to lower castes, minor rl gion or economically backward raglons continue te face hardies Body: ‘The women's movernents during the independence struggle were Intily mostly revoking srouns the upperclass, educated and those from politically influential families. For instance Swarnakumari Dev less heard of tan ner orother Rabindranath ‘Totore, started the Ladies Theosophical Society (2 mutton association of women) way back in 1882 and later became a member of the Indian National Congress nese movernents were concerned with the polis of social change and was noticed mostly inthe Urban india. They were aso considered western influence oImzerialsm and unstable inthe Indian contest. Consequently postindependence, the socio-economic status of Imajonty of wornen In nda was very poor. Is seen even today. The nature of issues faced today by the women of lower strata + Economic realm: © Very poor Labour force participation rate of women runes of 26% © the Global Gender Gap report revels thatthe mage gop remains prominent fr sem-sklled and unsled workers. «© Feminzation of poverty is very high. Economic dependence fon spouse make them mere vulnerable «+ Women ownership ef resource is abystnal. Hardly 8% of lands are registered in women's name «© Unable to Brean the glass cellng to raacn the op echelons ofthe corporate, + Political ream ‘736 ana 74 Consttutonal Amendment Act mad 23% reservation mandatory for women in Panchayats and ULBS. However, hisis msuses under Tokenism and men make the decisions © Educated mile clas and upper class women occupy ffes In governments, panchayats ana o:her bodies. + Social ream: © The worst forms ofPatiarchy is more prominantin the lower social sata. Haryana with rimarly agricultural economy had the poorest child sex ato © Earlymariages, eld marrage, female infantde and foateide, dowry deaths, no widow remarnages and ‘manetrution taboos are same of lesues ill prominent among the lower strata women. hey are denied healtheare, education, nutrition which are basco human eign Postindependence, the women movements ke antiiquor movements, SHGwevolution, strong legislations like Domestic ‘Violence Act, PCPNDT act et, governmental schemes tke Conclusion ‘The women's mevernents have grown in ze and scope a ts cities. Wh the spread oF ICT and autanomous women’s ‘organisations other women’s groups, womets studies centres, te, has played no small ol inthe Bringng about ofthis charge Thus cover te last d0 years, the womens movement has atfeced the Secorpltcal erveonmentin ra Top Key hemand of eins Sacre he see Introduction: ‘The economic outlook update released bythe Asian Development Bank ast wees highlgnted that she number f urban inhabitants in ‘Developing Asia nas increased almost fve‘ol since 1970. The report racking World Urbanisation Prospects data also states that ‘he twothras of the nearly 15 bilfonasonal ity dlrs inthe region belonged fom India and Chin, Body: Groweh rate of developing Asa vids the rest ofthe world + Developing Asa refers toa group of 25 countries that are embers ofthe ADB, [As sue, between 1970 to 2017, the urton population inthis ‘burch of countries grew fom 375 millon 1.84 bition, ‘+ Theregion led he global nerease inthe urban popusion inthis period and accounts for 53 percent of [As the char (lve bars) shows, Developing Asia urbanised faster ‘than the rest ofthe word not onlin ers of abst growth, but alo in terms of growth rate Ursa population inthis region increased a an average of 3.4 per ‘ent per annum between 1970-2017 “This s much faster than the 2.6 per contin she rest ofthe developing world mainly ria nd Latin America = and 1.0 por ‘contin the developed wot, India's position: + Growth rate: nds growth forecast is ut to 7.2% for 2019-20, because af a stowerthor-expected pickup in investment ‘demand, The growth rate in Financial Yea 2020.21 i key tobe 73% + Recovery may be duet agricukure and svongerdomesce ‘demang, improved healtn of banks and corporations and lroplementation ofa value-added ax, + Te rflation s excected to average around ain the stra of 152079, and herefore the Reserve Bank would nave some rom for lowering poly ates further increasing ered. Conclusion: Since Asia will remain one ofthe fastest-growing major economy in ‘the work thas 2 golden portunity to cement recent economic _gns by becoming mere integrates in global value chains, and the young workforce, mproving business climate, renewed focus on export expansion ep Cement rit rtf Set ri te ot ruven tof Sig td pment in Eom er Ayah gus: Sof ean set ere lot ge of aig ne dome be Introduction: ‘The ncion texte ons apparel industry can be broadly died into lwo segments yarn & fibre, ad processed fabries& apparel. Inion Lexile industry has some deep-ooted problems whieh needs to be ardressed wits long-term sustainable slutons Body: Potential of Textile Sector: + Employment generation: textiles & garments industry labour Intensive sector ‘hat employs 45 rn people in india is second only othe agriculture sector inter of employment. + Thetextles and apparels industry n Inia is valued at around $127 bllonin se + Accoring Inds brand and equty foundation) nc is among te wore larges: producers of exes and garments. Domest Test and apparel industry contributes 2% to India’s {GDP and accounts for 19 of industrial production 27% ofthe country’ foreign exchange islows and 13% ofthe courtry’s export earnings + The sector isa large foreign exchange earner, ands the secon largest employer ater the agricultural sector inthe county + Inincia, the sector enjoys the presence of te entire vale chain fom fre, yar. fabric and apparel part from the aval of ‘heap and abundant labour ‘+ Thus fornia che ents industry is important ot jus for Inbour abrorpon and az source of foreign exenange. but azo asa symbolo' naa rich hertage. “+ Tradion and cuture: Ins textes sector ie one ofthe oldest Industries in te Indian economy, it only provides lvelioods ‘emillons of hourehol buts 9 torenouse anc carver of ‘rational sls, nerage and culture + Tecan be divides into tno segments: © The unorganised sectors smal scale and uses traditional tools and methods. consists ofhandloom, handicrafts and serieutur, The organised sector uses modlen machinery and techniques and consists of spinning, apparel and garments segmert. + indian texles industry which is one of he oldest industries of ‘the dian economy s nding iu to compete with much malar players such ae Bangladesn and Vietnam, + However, m spc of tnese Benes, alas share inthe global les expert ust Ss, whch minuscule ae compared to China hare of 38%, + Much smaller players the Bangladesh and Viena have a share of 3% m global exoorte and are increaengly threatening nde expors. + Theexports from the sector ae valued 3 around $37 billon amounting to 13% of aia’ toal exports. + Theshareof tertiles in nds total exports has fallen sharoly from ahigh of 28 in FO + Therise in labour cost in China cou have been the perfect epportunty for india tonereace share nthe globaltexles indus, “+ Market Reality: India's tex industry grapples with domestic issues including outdated technlogynleble bor laws, intastrucure ptlenecks, anda fragmented nature ofthe nus + Thetextles sector in nai, primarty dominated by the unorganized and small players, nad taken a major hit with dermenetzation andthe implementation ofthe goods and series 2x (650, + Global Policies: According othe WTO's Agreement on Subsisias and Countervaling Measures, a county naads to phase out expor subsiies fora product as it acrieves export compettivenes, defined 35 3.25% shaven worl trade, and he percapta income reaches mare than $7000 per annum, “+ Asperthis agreement, nsiais under pressure and export. ‘subsidy forte extles sector by 2018, This implies that he esting subsidy schemes including the Merchandise Export fom ine Scheme (MEIS) and the Export Promotion Captal Goods (EPCG) Scheme wil get aected by ne Demand for MMF: Global, marmade estes and garments are Inhighderana, with the rate of coxontomanmade‘ore ‘consumption 33070. India, deep beng the second-largest textes exporter inh ‘wore lags in ths category because o* unavalbiltyof manmade fibres at compettive prices. Freetrade pact: lke tha South Aa Fras Trade Agreement (SAFTA) nave edo incense competion rom courtres ike Banglacesh which have 2eroduty access tothe Indian market The governement should take a reok at uch pacts and try fo work outa zelition The government should aim at driving scale across te ontles value chan by encouraging lrg investment, consolidation of ‘ims and enlargement of ster. Impact of recent reform: The sector went through aphaze of _tagating ports demoneteatin, bank restructuring ane implementation ofthe Goods and Sarvces Tax (GST) India, which was the second largest exporer of Tele & Clothing between 2014 and 2017 ater China, lp tthe fh place losing its postion 1 Germany, Bangladesh and Vietnam. Delay in disbursl of subsidies: fastirac dsoursal af subsilas ‘or technology up-eradavon under the TUFS scheme to help the Industry modarmse the operation. + Government need to move anay fom expere specie subsidy, lai lates WTO norms, to focus on regional and cluster subsidies, technology uparadation and sil development subsidies, which benef allene produces + Inincia, cotton and marmade Fores (MMF have dferacialtax ‘reatment here lore nutralty wil give 2 boost to theindusty. + Uncerifereti tax treatment cottons taxed a San svanmade fibres at 12%, Ina. ote total texules and clothing expos framing, cotton accounts for around 75%, there is 2 neeat increase production ‘wth ne global consumption patans. \Whtendia nas abundant supely of abou, ext in labour lows anc adequate sing wil ve big boost tothe cextles nue, For instance, women should be allowed 0 workin allthree shits, ater aking ino account adaquat sateguard measures. ‘Teennology uperadation schemes wl lp Indian players ‘increase both ther aroductvty and competitiveness. In addltion te government needs to careful evaluate the varus wade agreement cpportunties Sangladesh and Vietnam ‘benef ram favourable sccers to some ofthe big apparel sarkets, ‘Te government alo needs to relock a fibre neutral ang ‘evaluate various trade agreement opportunities, whe ‘domestial focusing mors on technology upgradation and skill development. {optsvrmant pli on nero foreman rio tn nd ma ern oot ei neon Ahmet of the ge Sra he ne Seep wu dng we ried abo ty hd beads Introduction: ‘The Criminal justice System C5) includes the instiatlonsiagences and proceses established by a government contra ime nthe ‘county. This includes componentske police ans eourts, Tre aim of the Criminal justice Sytem (C8) to protect the rights and persona ler of nsvcuals andthe society agaist tsirvason by others, Home Minister has recently asked Gureau of Police Research and Development to work ona proposal to amend various sections ofthe IPC andthe Code of Criminal Procedure ater seeking suggestions from people across the county. Body: Need for reforms: ‘+The government aims to revamp Indian Penal Code which was, rafedby the srtish ‘+ The Home Ministry has constuted two committees comerising legal luminaries 0 overnaul the PC introduced by the rtisn in 1860 «+ star iwas framed, the IPC has never been amended in totaly ‘Some adchions and deletons have been made Rebooting the code introuced by he British in 1860 was considered as necessary ast primarlybases onthe sprit of. master and servant + Accoring to Economic Survey 2018-19, there are about 3S crore ‘cases pending in thejuical system, espedalyin istrict and suberdinate cours, which lads te actualsabon ofthe maxim Justice celayedis use denied” + Inciahas one oF the wor largest numberof undervial rsorers According te NCRB-Prson Statist Ind (2075, 67.2% ‘four tral prison population comprises oF under wal prisoners. “The Malimath Commitee: ‘Government appointed the Malmath committe with task of examining the fundamental principles of riminallaw so ast restore confidence inthe criinal justice system, The committee made 158 recommendations, ad since then some of these have become lw Its suggestion on permitng videography of statements has been implemented Reforms needed: + criminallaw's commaeretovetne | Eo roseaparent Seco ‘opresson ofthe relationship between 3 state ane seizes, Theretore, any revision =e Corthe exstng system ine reedstobedonewhie | Bearer | ecetacane, keeping several a be principles in ming ‘ahi are deseribed blows ‘+ The reason for Wetimizaton ought tobe given 2 major hrustin ‘eorming laws o identity theres of rime tins +: Launch of vein and witness protection sehemes, use of vt Immpac statements, nereased vim prtpation in eiminal ‘als, eninance access of ems to compensation ad + The consirution of new aferces and reworking ofthe existing dasscation of offences must be ped by the principles of ‘iinajusprudence which have substantial kere in the past our decades, + Criminal iabity cola be graded beer assign the degree of punishments. New types of punishments tke community service orders, restitution orders, ad other aspects of restorative and ‘formative justice could also be brought ins + The classification of eences must be done ina manner ‘conducive Co management of ems in the (uur. + Mary chapters of the IC ave overloaded at several places. The chapters on offences against public servants contempt of authority, pub wanguiity, and wespass can be redefined and + cusing principles neasto be developed ater suicentcebate before crminalsng an ac as 2 cme + Unprndpled crminasation act aly leads tothe creation of new ‘offences on unscentie grounds, eu alo arbrarness nthe ‘cnminalustice system. «The dcretion of uogas in deciding the quantum and nature of sentence aiferentlyfo ermes ofthe same nature should be based on prneples of judi recedence Way forward: +The state needs te avoid unprnepled criinalsation and rather focus on developing a guiding principle or re-lassfiation of offences. ‘hiss because unprinipled erminalsation often lacs tonot ‘only the ereation of new offences on unscenife grounds, but ‘a0 arbtrarinezs inthe criminal juste system, ‘There ialzo need for simukaneousretormsin pace prosecution judiciary and in prisons. ‘rus, Criminal ustce Reforms Comm*tee mustbe constituted wth a mandate to evolve criminal juste poly in India ‘Tre Committe naedst carry forward the work done earer by Menen Commitee on Criminal justice System, the Malimath ‘committe, andthe Law Commision, conclusion: eis not bac idea to revit ld committee reports with a view to ‘considering ther possible implementation. However, such anexerse mustbe pursued with care and caution, Therefore the proposed amendments must be dene na principled way based on identeation| ff le lws whieh needs to be removed ‘internet has emerged asa patent tan that can cause ‘unimaginable disruption tothe democratic polity. do you agree? ‘Sve your opinion with suitable justification (250 words) Thehind Sof esa Introduction: Inan affidavit the Supreme Cour, the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (Met) sai that during te as few yeas, thera has bean an enormous rls nthe number of people using the Internet and soll media and ale an “exponen n hate speect. The Centerecent informed the Supreme Court wil take another thes more monte to revise ang not “extant rl" for “rfecive regulation of termediaes such 2 socal media plattorme ‘keeping in view the evr growing threats to indhdual nights and avons ntagrty, sovereignty, and secur Body: Internet. as potent tot: + -The Power of Socal Meda shat, forces Necessary Change” ‘Teennology has led economic growth and societal development res generally agreed that socal media provided crucal source of ‘news during te Arb Spring Iehelpectin creating awareness about several sues, eg the ight for LGBTQ rights et Social mela nas deintely made us doserto other pars ofthe wot Wnatenpo important fer rural users as thes them cheaply “connect family members faraway and send putes ofthe products to cents serss na «+ Soria media platorms provide a platform toalse tel vie against injustice and nequalry Voices previously excluded trom conversatons can now find @ channel, + teu decades ago, If 2 farmer ded due to nor-repayment of. Ibans nly the family mourned for hess + Touay ihe same napaens, the entire nason seems to empathize wth ee death of uch farmers, + Social media have increasingly been adopted by polticans, poll ctvsts and sci movements as a means to engage, ‘organze and cormmunicate with eens Internet asa disruptive took + Teennolgy is double-edged, there ae reasons to cheer 25 also te despa + there has been an exponents in hate speech fake news, publicorder,ant-national actives, defamatory aosungs. and other unlawil acts using nternevsocal media platforms. + Social media has various negative mpacs ke privacy issues, ‘nvormation overloads andinteret fraud + Researchers have fund tha hyper-networkng leads to negative heath behaviour lading to lainss, bes, cepression, rug abuse, lation or inthe worst eases may even lead to sue + Social media nas mace the worl! a small pace by allowing mass cultural exchange and intercultural communication + Inca bing a secular county a home fr tre pecsle of various religious and cukuralbelies + When these bles clash the consequences are unpleasant ‘+ Amere comment or opinion ona certain belie on socal media spreadslke fie leading to rots and cestruetve rales. + re nea usage has il erfecs on health issues and thee is fer bulyng online harassment ans olin + The trong of women has brought tothe fore the dstrbing realty of orn vilence and abuse women face in india Measures needed: ‘+ Abettor and more effective approach tlimit the inluenc of hoaxes on WhatsAnp and other platforms is oinerease media ray + trweare concerned about the impat of ke news, we must actress te underlying raratives instead of merely trying to rebut navi ems, + by adaresing the weaknesses that allow te ake news narrative otake oot, th s2of rightwing duetotheloss of credibly ofthe liberal eam, Mobilze public pinion around an akernate nara that makes ‘he fake nev tem relevant. Data leaks 3 Facaboo« an Uber nthe recant past have proven ‘that he encryption haste beso high, ‘Te government should bring ou polly framework on the possible harm due the internet messaging platforms to engage ata deaper level ‘Te balance mast be righ benween protecting privacy ard lowing tha sate laaway 0 curb ere. ‘Tre need ofthe hour sto tackle the gendered aspect of online abuse and uphold the rights of women in india Cconetusion: ‘Ary conversation on adinal regulation of social media brings up concerns about privacy and suvefance. Therefor, any bid at regulating expression online has tobe proportional and concrete with adequate redreszal mechaniems ang without any blanket provisions xtra information: Recent Campolgns by Socal Mes Platforms: + Wherstpp launched a rationwde compatg called Shae Joy, Not Rumours" to hep prevent the spreodof rumours and fake ews Facebook lounched #Socilorgod compoign to adress issues such <5 cer buying mental welbeng ond entrepreneurship ané was ‘targeted primary ot young users. + Thier tounched s#Poner0f18campoign to encourage youth 0 ‘ontbut to publi debate ond participate in cc engagement inthe upcoming een season These compaiens area woy to take onnershipof whats happening ‘on these plyorms ad in ways to weed out negative content ‘S.Explain how the Lion battery. which won for it developers ‘the Chemistry Nobel set offatechnolegy revolution (250 mash Thehind he 210 Noh Ps Chin waves 8 Gait M Sly Key hmand of eins agen =Car cy shine die su be nd cr Sof esa Dine tn fGen Yoh Introduction: Lithium-ion batteries ae the aace of he wireless technology revolution tnat made possible portable compact dsc players, gal wrist watches, laptops and the mobile phones af today eis aso seen aeimportansto 3 foriras uture of elec cars that governmants envisage to aress cate charge. The 2019 Nobel Prize for ‘Chemistry was avardes to John B. Goodenough, M. stanley Whittingham and Akira Yoshino for working towards development of pracocalthiumion bares. Lithium ion Battery: + reistype ot rechargeable battery that contains several els ach call consists of eathode, anode and electrolyte, separator between electrodes and current collectors. Lion bate se interealated lithium compound as one electrode mater ‘+ When the battery's charging up the Iithium-cobalt oxide, postve electrode gves up some of ehium ens, whien move ‘hough the electrolyte tothe negative, grape electrode and ‘+ wen the battery's discharging, the thu ions move back across ne elecvolte othe postive elecrode producing the energy that powers the batery Lithium ion batteries set off a revolution + Whigham made the battery safer, aluminium was addedto the metal tum electrode and the alectralye between the electrodes was changed. The bateres thus made were small nd ‘he nex step as to make them big enough tobe used in cars + Goodenough’ major insight was that batteries cd not have to be manufactured in ther charged state, as had been done previously. nsteac, tne could be charged aterwarts + Consumer electronics companiesin apan were looking ‘orig, ‘ecnargeable batteries that could power video cameras, cordless lephones and computers + Yoshino, whe was working at Asa Kase Corser Goodenough thium

    You might also like