1 4 3 1

XIII) encuentre la matriz inversa de A=

Gauss_Jordan .
1 8
(
6 2
−1 −4 −3 −2
1 12 6 6
)
haciendo uso del método de

Solución:

Encontramos la matriz inversa usando las operaciones elementales. Para ello se aumenta la matriz
dada con una matriz identidad:

1 4 3 1 1 0 0 0 R1

(1 8 6 2 0
−1 −4 −3 −2 0
1 12 6 6 0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
) R2
R3
R4

 R2−1 R1 → R2

1 4 3 1 1 0 0 0
1 8 6 2
−1 −4 −3 −1
0 4 3 1 (0 4 3 1 −1 1 0
−1 −4 −3 −2 0 0 1
1 12 6 6 0 0 0
0
0
0
)
1
0− ×1=−1
1
1
1− × 0=1
1
1
0− ×0=0
1
1
0− ×0=0
1

 R3 + R1 → R3

1 4 3 1 1 0 0 0
−1 −4 −3 −2
1
0
4
0
3 1
0 −1 ( 0 4
0 0
1 12
3 1 −1 1 0
0 −1 1 0 1
6 6 0 0 0
0
0
0
)
−1
0− ×1=1
1
−1
0− ×0=0
1
 −1
1− × 0=1
1
−1
0− ×0=0
1

 R4 −R1 → R 4

1 4 3 1 1 0 0 0
1 12 6

0 8 3
6
−1 −4 −3 −1
5 ( 0
0
0
4 3 1 −1
0 0 −1 1
8 3 5 −1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
)
1
0− ×1=−1
1
1
0− ×0=0
1
1
0− ×0=0
1
−¿ 1
1− × 0=1
1

 Dividimos R2 por 4

1 4 3 1 1 0 0 0
0 4 3 1
4
0
4
1
4
3
4
4
1
4 ( 0 1
0 0
0 8
3
4
0
3
1 −1
4
−1 1
4

5 −1
1
4
0
0
0 0
1 0
0 1
)
1 −1
−1 × =
4 4
1 1
1× =
4 4
1
0 × =0
4
1
0 × =0
4

 R4 −8 R2 → R 4
 1 4 3 1 1 0 0 0
0 8 3

0 0 −3 3
5
0 −8 −6 −2
( 0 1
3
4
1 −1 1
4
0 0 0 −1 1
0 0 −3 3
4 4
0
1 −2
0 0
1 0
0 1
)
8 −1
−1− ×
1 4( )
=1

8 1
0− ×
1 4 ()
=−2

8
0− ×0=0
1
8
1− ×0=1
1

 intercambiamos R4 ↔ R3

1 4 3 1 1 0 0 0

( 0 1
3
4
1 −1 1
4
0 0 −3 3
0 0 0 −1 1
4 4
0
1 −2 0
0 1
0
1
0
)
 Dividimos R3 por −3

1 4 3 1 1 0 0 0

( )
3 1 −1 1
0 0 −3 3 0 1 0 0
4 4 4 4
−3 −3 −3 −3
−1 2 −1
0 0 1 −1 0 0 1 −1 0
3 3 3
0 0 0 −1 1 0 1 0

1( −31 )=−13
1 2
−2 (
−3 ) 3
=

1
0(
−3 )
=0

1 −1
1(
−3 ) 3
=
  Dividimos R4 por−1

1 4 3 1 1 0 0 0

( )
3 1 −1 1
0 0 0 −1 0 1 0 0
4 4 4 4
−1 −1 −1 −1
−1 2 −1
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 −1 0
3 3 3
0 0 0 1 −1 0 −1 0

1( −11 )=−1
1
0(
−1 )
=0

1
1(
−1 )
=−1

1
0(
−1 )
=0

 R4 + R 3 → R3

1 4 3 1 1 0 0 0

( )
3 1 −1 1
0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0
4 4 4 4
0 0 1 −1
−4 2 −1
0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 −1
3 3 3
0 0 0 1 −1 0 −1 0

−1 −1 −4
3
− ( )
1
(−1 )=
3

2 −1 2
3 ( 1 )
− ( 0) =
3

−1
0−(
1 )
(−1 )=−1

−1 −1 −1
−( ) ( 0 )=
3 1 3

−1
 R + R → R2
4 4 2
 −1 1 4 3 1 1 0 0 0
0 0 0

( )
4 3 1 1
0 1 0 0 0
3 1 4 4 4
0 1
4 4 −4 2 −1
0 0 1 0 −1
3 3 3 3
0 1 0
4 0 0 0 1 −1 0 −1 0

1
−1 4
− (−1 )=0
4 1
1
1 4 1
− ( 0 )=
4 1 4
1
4 1
0− (−1 )=
1 4
1
4
0− ( 0 )=0
1
 −1 R 4 + R1 → R1

1 4 3 0 2 0 1 0

( )
3 1 1
0 0 0 −1 0 1 0 0 0
4 4 4
1 4 3 1
−4 2 −1
1 4 3 0 0 0 1 0 −1
3 3 3
0 0 0 1 −1 0 −1 0

1
1− (−1 )=2
1
1
0− ( 0 )=0
1
1
0− (−1 )=1
1
1
0− ( 0 )=0
1
−3
 R + R → R2
4 3 2
 1 4 3 0 2 0 1 0
−3

( )
0 0 0 −1 1
4 0 1 0 0 1 1
4 4
3
0 1 0 −4 2 −1
4 0 0 1 0 −1
3 3 3
0 1 0 0
0 0 0 1 −1 0 −1 0

3
4 −4
0− ( )
1 3
=1

3
1 4 2 −1
−
4 1 3 ()
=
4
3
1 4
− (−1 )=1
4 1
3
4 −1 1
0− ( )
1 3
=
4

 −3 R3 + R1 → R1

1 4 0 0 6 −2 4 1

( )
−1 1
0 0 −3 0 0 1 0 0 1 1
4 4
1 4 3 0
−4 2 −1
1 4 0 0 0 0 1 0 −1
3 3 3
0 0 0 1 −1 0 −1 0

3 −4
2− ( )
1 3
=6

3 2
0− ( ) =−2
1 3
3
1− (−1 )=4
1
3 −1
0− ( )
1 3
=1

 −4 R2 + R1 → R1
 1 0 0 0 2 −1 0 0

( )
−1 1
0 −4 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1
4 4
1 4 0 0
−4 2 −1
1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 −1
3 3 3
0 0 0 1 −1 0 −1 0

4
6− ( 1 )=2
1
4 −1
−2− ( ¿=−1
1 4
4
4− ( 1 ) =0
1
4 1
1− ()
1 4
=0

1 0 0 0 2 −1 0 0

( )
−1 1
0 1 0 0 1 1
4 4
−4 2 −1
0 0 1 0 −1
3 3 3
0 0 0 1 −1 0 −1 0

Respuesta:

2 −1 0 0

( )
1 4 3 1 (−1)
−1 1
1 1

(1 8 6 2
−1 −4 −3 −2
1 12 6 6
) =
−4
3
−1
4
2
3
−1
4
−1

0 −1 0
3