NCERT SOLUTIONS

CLASS-XII MATHS
CHAPTER-1
RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS
EXERCISE - 1.1

Q-1: Check each and every relation whether the following are symmetric, reflexive and transitive:
(i) The relation R of the set S = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ........15} is defined as

R = {(a, b): 2a - b = O}

(ii) The relation R of the set S having natural numbers is defined as

R = {(a, b): b = 2a + 6 and a < 5}

(iii) The relation R of the set S = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} is defined as

R = {(a, b): b is divisible by a}

(iv) The relation R of the set S having only the Integers is defined as

R = {(a, b): a - b is an integer}

(v) The relation R from the set H having human beings at a particular time in the town is given by:

(a) R = {(a, b): a and b is working at the same place}

(b) R = {(a, b): a and b are living in the same society}

(c) R = {(a, b): a is exactly 6 cm taller than b}

(d) R = {(a, b): b is husband of a}

(e) R = {(a, b): a is the father of b}

Sol:

(i) S = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6 .......13, 14, 15}

R = {(a, b) : 2a - b = O}

Therefore, R = {(2, 4), (3, 6), (4, 8), ( 5, 10), (6, 12), (7, 14)}

Now,

(2, 4) c R, but (4, 2) ¢ R, Le.,

[2 (4)-2f.0]

So, R is not symmetric

(2, 2), (3, 3) ,(15, 15) ¢ R.

So, R is not reflexive

Since, (2, 4), (4, 8) c R, but (2, 4) ¢ R

As, [2(2) - 8 f. OJ

So, R is not even transitive.

Therefore, R, in this case, is neither reflexive nor transitive and nor symmetric.

(ii) R = {(a, b): b = 2a + 6 and a< 5}

Therefore, R = {(1, 8), (2, 10), (3, 12), (4, 14)}

Now,

(1, 8) c R, but (8, 1) ¢ R, Le,

So, R is not symmetric.

(1, 1), (2, 2),

So, R is not reflexive.

Since, here there isn't any pair in the form of (a. b) and (b, c) c R, then (a, b) ¢ R

So, R is not even transitive.

Therefore, R in this case is neither reflexive, nor transitive and nor symmetric.

(iii) S = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}