DIgSILENT Technical Documentation

Data conversion for 4-wire line

model
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Data conversion for 4-wire line model

Published by
DIgSILENT GmbH, Germany

Copyright 2005. All rights

reserved. Unauthorised copying
or publishing of this or any part
of this document is prohibited.

22 Dezember 2005

Data conversion for 4-wire line model

 Table of Contents

Table of Contents

1 Unbalance 4-wire line equations: ..................................................................................................... 4

1.1 Measurement between phase A and phase B ............................................................................................4

1.2 Measurement between neutral and ground (PE)........................................................................................5

1.3 Measurement between phase and ground (PE) .........................................................................................6

1.4 Measurement between phase and neutral ................................................................................................6

Data conversion for 4-wire line model

1 Unbalance 4-wire line equations:
Ua   Zs Zm Zm Zpn   Ia 
Ub   Zm Zs Zm Zpn   Ib 
 = ⋅  (1)
Uc   Zm Zm Zs Zpn   Ic 
     
Un   Zpn Zpn Zpn Zn   In 

1
Zs = (Z 0 + 2 ⋅ Z1) (2)
3

1
Zm = (Z 0 − Z1) (3)
3

1.1 Measurement between phase A and phase B wire

A Ia

B Ib

N
Ua Ub
PE

Phase-phase measurement

Using equation (1)

Ua =Zs ⋅ Ia + Zm ⋅ Ib
Ub = Zm ⋅ Ia + Zs ⋅ Ib

and

Ia =− Ib

Ua − Ub = 2 Ia ⋅ ( Zs − Zm⋅)
With equation (2) and (3)

Data conversion for 4-wire line model

 Ua − Ub
= 2 ⋅ Z1
Ia
The positive sequence impedance Z1 will be received as the result of the phase to phase measurement.

Input data in PowerFactory: R1, X1 (Z1)

1.2 Measurement between neutral and PE (earth) wire

A

N In

Un PE

Neutral –PE measurement

Using equation (1) with Ia=Ib=Ic=0:

Un =Z ( N − PE ) ⋅ In

Un
= Z ( N − PE ) with Z ( N − PE ) = Zneutral + Ze
In

The Z(N-PE) impedance will be received as the result of the neutral – ground (PE) measurement.

Input data in PowerFactory: Neutral impedance (Rn, Xn)

Zn = Z ( N − PE )

Data conversion for 4-wire line model

1.3 Measurement between phase and PE (earth) wire
A 1/3I

I B 1/3I

C 1/3I

U PE

Phase – PE (earth wire) measurement

Using equation (1) with In = 0

U = 1 / 3 ⋅ (Zs ⋅ I + Zm ⋅ I + Zm ⋅ I )
With equation (2) and (3):

U = 1/ 3 ⋅ Z 0 ⋅ I

3 ⋅U
Z 0( PH − E ) = Z 0 =
I

Input data in PowerFactory: Zero-sequence impedance (R0, X0)

Z 0 = Z 0( PH − E )

1.4 Measurement between phase and neutral wire

A 1/3I

I B 1/3I

C 1/3I

N In

U Un PE

Phase – neutral measurement

Using equation (1):

Data conversion for 4-wire line model

 U = 1 / 3 ⋅ (Zs ⋅ I + Zm ⋅ I + Zm ⋅ I ) + Zpn ⋅ In
Un = 1 / 3 ⋅ I ⋅ ( Zpn + Zpn + Zpn) + Zn ⋅ In

With:

In = − In

U = 1 / 3 ⋅ (Zs ⋅ I + Zm ⋅ I + Zm ⋅ I ) − Zpn ⋅ I
Un = 1 / 3 ⋅ I ⋅ ( Zpn + Zpn + Zpn) − Zn ⋅ I

With equation (2) and (3):

U = 1 / 3 ⋅ Z 0 ⋅ I − Zpn ⋅ I and Un = I ⋅ ( Zpn − Zn)

Subtraction of both equations:

3 ⋅ (U − Un)
Z 0( PH − N ) = = Z 0 − 6 ⋅ Zpn + 3 ⋅ Zn
I

Zn from measurement neutral to ground, Z0 from measurement phase to ground (PE)

Z 0 + 3 ⋅ Zn − Z 0( PH − N )
Zpn = (4)
6
Input data in PowerFactory: Phase-neutral coupling impedance (Rpn, Xpn)

1.5 Data conversion without N-PE measurement

If the measurement between the neutral and the PE (earth) wire does not exist the following simplification can be assume:

Phase – neutral wire measurement:

Z 0( PH − N ) = Z1 + 3 ⋅ Zneutral (5)

Phase – PE (earth) wire measurement:

Z 0( PH − E ) = Z1 + 3 ⋅ Ze (6)

The neutral – PE (earth) wire measurement is:

Z ( N − E ) = Zneutral + Ze
With equation (5) and equation (6)

Data conversion for 4-wire line model

 Z 0( PH − N ) + Z 0( PH − E ) − 2 ⋅ Z1
Z ( N − E ) = Zn = (7)
3
Using equation (4), (5) and (6)

Z 0( PH − E ) − Z1
Zpn = Ze = (4)
3

Input data in PowerFactory:

Zero-sequence impedance ( R0,X0)

Z 0 = Z 0( PH − E )

Neutral impedance (Rn, Xn)

Z 0( PH − N ) + Z 0( PH − E ) − 2 ⋅ Z1
Zn =
3

Input data in PowerFactory: Phase-neutral coupling impedance (Rpn, Xpn)

Z 0( PH − E ) − Z1
Zpn =
3

Data conversion for 4-wire line model