CLS Aipmt-15-16 XIII Che Study-Package-7 Set-1 Chapter-27 PDF

Chapter 27
Biomolecules
Solutions
SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions
1. Which of the following is a reducing sugar?
(1) Glycogen (2) Maltose (3) Sucrose (4) Starch
Sol. Answer (2)
The maltose is a reducing sugar.
CH2OH
H OH H O H
H
Hemiacetal linkage
OH H O OH H
OH OH This makes a molecule
reducing
H OH H OH
2. Glucose reacts with HNO3 to form
(1) Gluconic acid (2) Saccharic acid (3) Sulphuric acid (4) Glyconic acid
Sol. Answer (2)
CHO COOH
H OH H OH
HO H HNO3 HO H
H OH H OH
H OH H OH
CH2OH COOH
(Saccharic acid)
3. Carbohydrate is a condensation polymer of
(1) Amino acid (2) Nucleotides (3) Styrene (4) Simple sugars
Sol. Answer (4)
Carbohydrate is a condensation polymer of simple sugars.
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152 Biomolecules Solution of Assignment
4. On reaction with red P + HI, glucose forms

(1) n-pentane (2) n-butane (3) n-hexane (4) n-heptane
Sol. Answer (3)
CHO
H OH
HO H Red P + HI
H OH n-Hexane
H OH
CH2OH
5. Which of the following carbohydrate cannot be digested by human body?
(1) Starch (2) Cellulose (3) Glycogen (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (2)
Cellulose cannot be digested by human body. Which contains -glycosidic linkage but our body has an enzyme
to cut only -glycosidic linkage.
6. Which of the following is an essential amino acid?
(1) Asparagine (2) Glutamine (3) Histidine (4) Alanine
Sol. Answer (3)
Histidine is essential amino acid.
7. Which of the following amino acid is optically inactive?

(1) Lysine (2) Glutamine (3) Serine (4) Glycine
Sol. Answer (4)
Glycine is optically inactive.
COO–
CH2
+
NH3
8. Rice is deficient in
(1) Lysine (2) Leucine (3) Glycine (4) Alanine
Sol. Answer (1)
Rice does not have lysine.
9. Deficiency of which of the vitamin causes rickets?

(1) Vitamin-D (2) Vitamin-C (3) Vitamin-B12 (4) Vitamin-E
Sol. Answer (1)
Vitamin-D causes rickets.
10. Which of the following is water soluble vitamin?

(1) Vitamin-C (2) Vitamin-D (3) Vitamin-A (4) Vitamin-K
Solution of Assignment Biomolecules 153
Sol. Answer (1)
Vitamin-C is water soluble.
11. Glycosidic linkage is present in

(1) Proteins (2) Lipids (3) Carbohydrates (4) Nucleic acids
Sol. Answer (3)
Glycosidic linkage is present in carbohydrates.
12. In which form carbohydrate is stored inside the human body?

(1) Cellulose (2) Sucrose (3) Maltose (4) Glycogen
Sol. Answer (4)
Carbohydrates  Glycogen
(Stored in human body)
13. –D (+) Glucose and -D(+) Glucose are

(1) Anomers (2) Epimers (3) Enantiomers (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (1)
–D (+) &  – D (+) glucose are called anomers.
14. Which of the following is basic amino acid?

(1) Lysine (2) Valine (3) Aspartic acid (4) Glycine
Sol. Answer (1)
Lysine contains one extra – NH2 group. So, it is basic amino acid.
15. Which of the following disaccharide consists only of glucose unit?

(1) Sucrose (2) Maltose (3) Lactose (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (2)
Maltose contains two glucose units co-together by –14 glycosidic linkage.
16. Which of the following disaccharide is called invert sugar?

(1) Lactose (2) Maltose (3) Sucrose (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (3)
Sucrose is called invert sugar.
17. Which of the following component in starch is water insoluble?

(1) Amylose (2) Glycogen (3) Amylopectin (4) Cellulose
Sol. Answer (3)
Starch
Amylose Amylopectin
(water insoluble)
18. Which of the following carbohydrate is known as animal starch?

(1) Cellulose (2) Amylose (3) Glycogen (4) Maltose
Sol. Answer (3)
Glycogen is called animal starch.
19. Antibodies are known as
(1) Carbohydrates (2) Proteins (3) Lipids (4) Enzymes
Sol. Answer (2)
Proteins are antibodies not carbohydrates.
20. Tertiary structures of proteins is given as
(1) -helix (2) Fibrous (3) -pleated (4) All of these

Sol. Answer (2)
Tertiary structure of proteins  Fibrous
21. The helical structure of proteins is stabilised by
(1) Peptide bonds (2) Hydrogen bonds (3) Dipeptide bonds (4) van der Waals’ forces
Sol. Answer (2)
Hydrogen bonding stabilises the helical structure of protein.
22. Albumin is a type of
(1) Fibrous protein (2) Globular protein (3) Lipid (4) Carbohydrate
Sol. Answer (2)
Albumin is type of globular protein.
23. Glucose when reacted with acetic anhydride forms
(1) Diacetate (2) Hexa-acetate (3) Pentacetate (4) Tetra-acetate

Sol. Answer (3)
CHO CHO
O O
H OH H OAC
HO H AeO H
H OH + 5 CH3 O CH3 H OAC
H OH H OAC
CH2OH CH2OAC
"penta derivative"
24. Co is present in which of the following vitamin?
(1) Vitamin-A (2) Vitamin-C (3) Vitamin-B12 (4) Vitamin-D

Sol. Answer (3)
Vitamin-B12 contains Co as central metal ion.
25. Complementary bases present in DNA are
(1) Uracil & Adenine : Cytosine & Guanine (2) Thymine & Adenine : Guanine & Cytosine
(3) Adenine & Thymine : Guanine & Uracil (4) Adenine & Guanine : Thymine & Cytosine
Sol. Answer (2)
In DNA,
A=T
C  G {Complementary bases}
26. Choose the correct statement about isoelectric point
(1) If pH > isoelectric point amino acid will move towards cathode
(2) At this point amino acid is present in the form of Zwitter ion
(3) If pH < isoelectric point, amino acid will move towards anode
(4) At this point amino acids are basic in nature
Sol. Answer (2)
At isoelectric point, the concentration of zwitter ion is maximum.
27. Amino acids are known to be building blocks of
(1) Proteins (2) Nucleic acids (3) Carbohydrates (4) Vitamins

Sol. Answer (1)
Via peptide
Amino acid Amino acid Amino acid
In this way protein is formed
28. Nucleotides contain

(1) A phosphoric acid group (2) A nitrogenous base
(3) A pentose sugar (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
Nucleotide contains (1) A phosphoric acid group
(2) A nitrogenous base
(3) A pentose sugar
29. DNA-directed synthesis of proteins occurs through

(1) Transcription (2) Translation (3) Transformation (4) Both (1) & (2)
Sol. Answer (4)
DNA directed protein synthesis follows two steps:
(1) Transcription
(2) Translation
30. The relation between nucleotide triplets and the amino acids is called as
(1) Gene (2) Nucleoside (3) Genetic code (4) Gene pool
Sol. Answer (3)
The relation between nucleotide triplets and the amino acid is called genetic code.
31. Correct order of calorific value is

(1) Carbohydrates > Fats > Porteins (2) Fats > Carbohydrates > Proteins
(3) Proteins > Carbohydrates > Fats (4) Fats > Proteins > Carbohydrates
Sol. Answer (2)
The order of calorific value is
Fats > Carbohydrates > Proteins
32. The best solvent for removing butter stain from cloth is
(1) CHCl3 (2) C2H5OH (3) C2H5OC2H5 (4) H2O
Sol. Answer (3)
O can be used to remove butter strain from clothes.
33. The commonest disaccharide has molecular formula

(1) C12H22O11 (2) C10H20O10 (3) C10H18O9 (4) C10H32O11
Sol. Answer (1)
C12H22O11 represents sucrose
CH2OH
H O H HOCH2 O H
H
OH H
OH O H HO CH2OH
H OH
Glycosidic OH H
linkage
34. Mutarotation is not seen in

(1) Sucrose (2) D-Glucose (3) L-Glucose (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (1)
Fact.
35. Mutarotation in aqueous solution is shown by

(1) Glycogen (2) Sucrose (3) Cellulose (4) Maltose
Sol. Answer (4)
Maltose shows mutarotation in aqueous solution.
36. The acid which shows salt-like character in aqueous solution is

(1) Acetic acid (2) -aminoethanoic acid (3) Benzoic acid (4) Formic acid
Sol. Answer (2)
- Amino ethanoic acid
O O
–
CH2 – C – OH CH2 – C – O
NH2 +NH3 (Zwitter ion)
37. Branched chain structure is shown by

(1) Amylopectin (2) Cellulose (3) Amylose (4) Nylon
Sol. Answer (1)
Amylopectin has branched chain polymeric structure.
38. The number of amino acids required to form a tripeptide bond are
(1) Seven (2) Two (3) Six (4) Four
Sol. Answer (4)
For tripeptide formation, four aminoacids are required.
O
Peptide linkase ( – C – NH –)
AA AA AA AA
(1) (2) (3) (4)
39. Glucose does not give

(1) Schiff’s test
(2) Hydrogensulphite addition product with NaHSO3
(3) 2, 4 DNP test
(4) All of these
Sol. Answer (4)
Glucose does not give  2, 4 DNP test
 Schiff's test
 Hydrosulphite addition pdt.
40. The two cyclic hemiacetal forms of glucose differing only in the configuration of the hydroxyl group at C-1 are
called
(1) Anomers (2) Enantiomers (3) Epimers (4) Metamers
Sol. Answer (1)
CH2OH CH2OH
H OH H O OH
H H
OH H OH H
OH OH OH H
H OH H OH
-D glucose -D glucose
Anomers
41. Glucose reacts with HCN to give

(1) Saccharic acid (2) Cyanohydrin (3) n-hexane (4) Gluconic
Sol. Answer (2)
Glucose + HCN  Cynohydrin
42. Cellulose is soluble in

(1) Water (2) Organic solvents
(3) Ammonical cupric hydroxide solution (4) All of these
Sol. Answer (3)
Cellose + Ammonical cupric hydroxide solution  Soluble
43. Glucose does not react with

(1) NH2OH (2) C6H5NHNH2 (3) NaHSO3 (4) HCN
Sol. Answer (3)
Glucose + NaHSO3  No Reaction
44. Keratin in skin, hair, nails and wool is a

(1) Fibrous protein (2) -helix type (3) Glubular protein (4) None of these
Sol. Answer (1)
Keretin is fibrous protein.
45. Which types of proteins undergo denaturation?

(1) -helix type (2) Globular (3) -pleated types (4) Fibrous
Sol. Answer (2)
Globular protein causes denaturation.
46. Cane sugar on hydrolysis gives

(1) Fructose + Glucose (2) Fructose + Fructose (3) Glucose + Glucose (4) Glucose + Lactose
Sol. Answer (1)
+
H3O
Cane sugar glucose + fructose
47. Which is correct statement?

(1) Starch is polymer of -glucose
(2) Amylose is a component of cellulose
(3) Proteins are composed of only one type of amino acids
(4) In cyclic structure of furanose, there are five carbons and one oxygen atom
Sol. Answer (1)
Starch is a polumer of -glucose.
48. Enzymes in the living systems

(1) Provide energy (2) Provide immunity
(3) Transport oxygen (4) Catalyze biological reactions
Sol. Answer (4)
Enzymes basically catalyse biological reaction.
49. In the double helix structure of DNA, the base pairs are
(1) Part of the backbone structure (2) Inside the helix
(3) Outside the helix (4) Bonded with covalent bond
Sol. Answer (2)
In double helix of DNA, the base pairing occurs inside the helix.
50. Which of the following is not an amino acid?
(1) Glycine (2) Alanine (3) Histidine (4) Benzidine

Sol. Answer (4)
Benzindine is not an amino acid.
SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions
1. The reagent which may be used to distinguish between cane sugar and glucose solution is
(1) Molisch’s reagent (2) Iodine solution (3) Baeyer’s reagent (4) Fehling’s solution
Sol. Answer (4)
CHO COO–
H OH H OH
HO H 2+ – HO H + Cu2O
H OH + 2Cu + 5OH H OH [RED]
H OH H OH + 3H2O
CH2OH CH2OH
Glucose
2+
Sucrose + 2Cu + 5OH No Reaction
–
2. Which pair is an example of anomers?

(1) -D-glucose and -D-glucose (2) Glucose and mannose
(3) Glucose and fructose (4) Fructose and sugar

Sol. Answer (1)
- D glucose & -D glucose are the examples of anomers.
Diastase
3. 2(C 6H10 O 5 )n  H2O   n H2 O
 2n
Starch
and in given sequence of reactions, respectively is
(1) Maltose, D-Glucose (2) Lactose, D-Glucose (3) Sucrose, D-Glucose (4) Maltose, fructose
Sol. Answer (1)
Diastase
2(C6H10O5)n + H2O n (Maltose)  H2O 2n (D - glucose)
4. Glucose when oxidised with conc. HNO3 then the product formed is
(1) HOOC(CHOH)4COOH (2) HOCH2(CHOH)4COOH
(3) H3CCH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 (4) HOCH2(CHOH)4CH = NOH

Sol. Answer (1)
CHO COOH
H OH H OH
HO H conc. HO H
H OH + HNO3 H OH
H OH H OH
CH2OH COOH
(Glucose) (Saccharic acid)
+
5. H3N (CH2)4 – CH COOH


NH3
+ 
pKa of the sites , and  are 10.79, 2.18 and 8.95. Isoelectric point will be
(1) 9.87 (2) 5.07
(3) 6.5 (4) 2.18

Sol. Answer (1)
+ 2.18
H3N (CH2)4 CH COOH
10.79
+NH3
8.95
10.79 + 8.95
I.P. = = 9.87
2
6. The reagent which forms crystalline osazone derivative when reacted with glucose is
(1) Fehling solution (2) Phenylhydrazine (3) Benedicts solution (4) Hydroxylamine
Sol. Answer (2)
Glucose + NH– NH2  Glucosazone
7. Vitamin A is called
(1) Ascorbic acid (2) Retinol (3) Calciferol (4) Tocopherol
Sol. Answer (2)
Vitamin A is also called retinol.
8. Lactic acid on oxidation by alkaline KMnO4 gives
(1) Tartaric acid (2) Cinnamic acid (3) Propionic acid (4) Pyruvic acid
Sol. Answer (4)
KMNO4, OH–
Lactic acid Pyruvic acid
9. Select the correct statement
(1) For exergonic reactions G > 0
(2) ATP undergoes a three step hydrolysis
(3) Conversion of ATP to ADP is highly endergonic reaction
(4) Dark reactions do not proceed even on being coupled with hydrolysis of ATP
Sol. Answer (2)
ATP undergoes three-step hydrolysis.
10. Glucose on oxidation with Tollen’s reagent and conc. HNO3 produces respectively
(1) Gluconic acid and saccharic acid (2) Glucaric acid and saccharic acid
(3) Saccharic acid and glucaric acid (4) Gluconic acid and no reaction
Sol. Answer (1)
HNO3
Glucose Saccharic acid
+ –
Ag , OH
Gluconic
acid
11. A polypeptide on complete hydrolysis gives three amino acids. How many sequences are possible for that
polypeptide?
(1) 1 (2) 3 (3) 6 (4) 9
Sol. Answer (3)
Six sequences are possible.
12. Which of the following is not a pyrimidine base?

(1) Thymine (2) Cytosine (3) Uracil (4) Guanine
Sol. Answer (4)
Guanine is not a pyrimidine base.
13. Whi ch of the following is not a fat soluble vitamin?

(1) Vitamin A (2) Vitamin K (3) Vitamin E (4) Vitamin H
Sol. Answer (4)
Vitamin H + fat  Insoluble
Conc. HCl
A
14. Glucose
Conc. H 2SO 4
B

A and B are
(1) Pyruvic acid and black mass (2) Leavulic acid and ethanol
(3) Pyruvic acid and ethanol (4) Leavulic acid and black mass
Sol. Answer (4)
Conc. HCl
Leavulic acid
Glucose
Conc.
Black mass of 'C'
H2So4
due to charring
Pass in
15. NaOH  CaO
A mino acid 
 gas evolved 
Lime water
 Salt
0.1999 kg
[1 mole]
Amino acid having

(1) Two NH2 groups (2) One –COOH group
(3) Two –COOH groups (4) Three – COOH groups
Sol. Answer (3)
NaOH + CaO Ca(OH)2
Amino acid CO2  Salt (0.199 Kg)

(1 mole)
This is acidic amino acid has two –COOH group.
16. Formation of 1º and secondary structure of proteins involves linkages

(1) Peptide linkage, H-bond (2) H-Bond, disulphide bond
(3) Disulphide bond, peptide linkage (4) H-bond, H-bond
Sol. Answer (1)
Primary structure Peptide linkage
Secondary structure Hydrogen bonding
17. Which of the following ketone reduces Tollen's reagent in basic medium?
CH2OH
O CHO
C=O
C – CH3 (CHOH)4
(1) CH3COCH3 (2) (3) (CHOH)3 (4)
CH2OH
CH2OH
Sol. Answer (3)
CH2OH
O
+ Ag+ + OH–  Ag 
(CH4OH)4 (Silvery
deposit)
CH2OH
18. In the given structure of the carbohydrate, which of the following are used while naming it?
H O OH
OH H
CH2OH H
H OH
(1) Pentose (2) Hexo (3) Aldose (4) Furano
Sol. Answer (4)
H O OH
Furano
HOH2C OH H H
H OH
19. An optically active compound having molecular formula C6H12O6 is found in two isomeric forms. When isomers
dissolved in water, they show the following equilibria
 A 

B

equilibrium mixture
  111º 52.2º 19.2
Such isomers are called
(1) Anomers (2) Enantiomers (3) Positional isomers (4) Geometrical isomers
Sol. Answer (1)
[A] eq.mix [B]

= 111° 52.2° 19.2°
Such isomers [A] & [B] called anomers.
20. Which of the following is not used for testing proteins?
(1) Molisch's test (2) Biuret test (3) Ninhydrin test (4) Millon's test
Sol. Answer (1)

Molisch's test is used to detect the presence of carbohydrates.
SECTION - C
Previous Years Questions
1. Which of the following hormones is produced under the condition of stress which stimulate : glycogenolysis in the
liver of human beings ? [AIPMT-2014]
(1) Thyroxin (2) Insulin (3) Adrenaline (4) Estradiol
Sol. Answer (3)
It is also called emergency hormone at the time of stress, it prepares the body for poling.
2. D(+) glucose reacts with hydroxyl amine and yield an oxime. The structure of the oxime would be
[AIPMT-2014]
CH = NOH CH = NOH
CH = NOH CH = NOH
H – C – OH HO – C – H
HO – C – H H – C – OH
HO – C – H HO – C – H H – C – OH
HO – C – H
(1) HO – C – H
HO – C – H
(2) H – C – OH (3) (4) H – C – OH
H – C – OH H – C – OH
H – C – OH H – C – OH
CH2OH CH2OH
CH2OH CH2OH
Sol. Answer (4)
CH = NOH
H – C – OH
CH = O H2 N OH H2O
HO – C – H
(CHOH)4 H – C – OH
CH2 OH H – C – OH
CH2OH
3. Deficiency of vitamin B1 causes the disease [AIPMT (Prelims)-2012]

(1) Cheilosis (2) Sterility (3) Convulsions (4) Beri-Beri
Sol. Answer (4)
Deficiency of vitamin B1 causes Beri-Beri.
4. Which one of the following sets of monosaccharides forms sucrose ? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2012]
(1) –D–Glucopyranose and –D–fructofuranose (2) –D–Glucopyranose and –D–fructopyranose
(3) –D–Galactopyranose and –D–Glucopyranose (4) –D–Glucopyranose and –D– fructofuranose
Sol. Answer (4)
 - D glucose + -D fructose  Sucrose
5. Which one of the following statements is not true regarding (+) Lactose? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2011]
(1) (+) Lactose, C12H22O11 contains 8-OH groups
(2) On hydrolysis (+) Lactose gives equal amount of D(+) glucose and D(+) galactose
(3) (+) Lactose is a -glycoside formed by the union of a molecule of D(+) glucose and a molecule of D(+)
galactose
(4) (+) Lactose is a reducing sugar and does not exhibit mutarotation
Sol. Answer (4)
Fourth option is wrong as (+) Lactose exhibits mutarotation.
6. Which of the statements about "Denaturation" given below are correct?

(a) Denaturation of proteins causes loss of secondary and tertiary structures of the protein.
(b) Denaturation leads to the conversion of double strand of DNA into single strand.
(c) Denaturation affects primary structure which gets distorted. [AIPMT (Mains)-2011]
(1) (a) & (b) (2) (a), (b) & (c) (3) (b) & (c) (4) (a) & (c)
Sol. Answer (1)
Denaturation of protein results in
(a) Loss of secondary and tertiary structure of the protein.
(b) Conversion of double stranded DNA  Single strand DNA
7. Which of the following is not a fat soluble vitamin ? [AIPMT (Mains)-2011]

(1) Vitamin E (2) Vitamin A (3) Vitamin B complex (4) Vitamin D
Sol. Answer (3)
Vitamin B complex Fat insoluble
8. Which one of the following does not exhibit the phenomemon of mutarotation ? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2010]
(1) (+) Sucrose (2) (+) Lactose (3) (+) Maltose (4) (–) Fructose
Sol. Answer (1)
(+) sucrose does not show mutarotation.
9. Fructose reduces Tollen's reagent due to [AIPMT (Mains)-2010]
(1) Asymmetric carbons
(2) Primary alcoholic group
(3) Secondary alcoholic group
(4) Enolisation of fructose followed by conversion to aldehyde by base
Sol. Answer (4)
CH2OH CH–OH CHO
O C – OH H OH
HO H HO H HO H
H OH H OH H OH
H OH H OH H OH
CH2OH CH2OH CH2OH
CHO COO–
H OH H OH
2+
HO H + 2cu + 5OH– HO H + Cu2O + 3H2O
H OH H OH (Red)
H OH H OH
CH2OH CH2OH
The sequence is enolisation followed by oxidation.
10. The segment of DNA which acts as the instrumental manual for the synthesis of the protein is
[AIPMT (Prelims)-2009]
(1) Ribose (2) Gene (3) Nucleoside (4) Nucleotide
Sol. Answer (2)
11. Which of the following hormones contains iodine ?

[AIPMT (Prelims)-2009]
(1) Testosterone (2) Adrenaline (3) Thyroxine (4) Insulin
Sol. Answer (3)
12. In DNA, the complimentary bases are [AIPMT (Prelims)-2008]

(1) Uracil and adenine; cytosine and guanine (2) Adenine and thymine; guanine and cytosine
(3) Adenine and thymine; guanine and uracil (4) Adenine and guanine; thymine and cytosine
Sol. Answer (2)
In DNA,
A=T
⎧Complementary ⎫
C ≡ G⎨ ⎬
⎩bases ⎭
13. Which one of the following is an amine hormone ? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2008]

(1) Progesterone (2) Thyroxine (3) Oxypurin (4) Insulin
Sol. Answer (2)
Thyroxine is amine hormone.
14. Which one of the following vitamins is water-soluble? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]

(1) Vitamin A (2) Vitamin B (3) Vitamin E (4) Vitamin K
Sol. Answer (2)
Vitamin B is water-soluble.
15. RNA and DNA are chiral molecules, their chirality is due to [AIPMT (Prelims)-2007]
(1) D - sugar component (2) L - sugar component
(3) Chiral bases (4) Chiral phosphate ester units
Sol. Answer (1)
RNA & DNA are chiral molecules because of the presence of D-sugar component.
16. During the process of digestion, the proteins present in food materials are hydrolysed to amino acids. The two
enzymes involved in the process
Enzyme (A )
Proteins  Enzyme (B)
 Polypeptides   Amino acids,
are respectively [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]

(1) Amylase and maltase (2) Diastase and lipase
(3) Pepsin and trypsin (4) Invertase and zymase
Sol. Answer (3)
Pepsin & Trypsin

Pr oteins ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯
→ A mino acids
17. The human body does not produce [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]

(1) DNA (2) Vitamins (3) Hormones (4) Enzymes
Sol. Answer (2)
The human body does not produce vitamins.
18. Which one of the following is a peptide hormone ? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2006]

(1) Glucagon (2) Testosterone (3) Thyroxine (4) Adrenaline
Sol. Answer (1)
Glucagon is a peptide hormone.
19. The cell membranes are mainly composed of [AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]

(1) Carbohydrates (2) Proteins (3) Phospholipids (4) Fats
Sol. Answer (3)
The cell membranes are composed of phospholipids.
20. Which functional group participates in disulphide bond formation in proteins ? [AIPMT (Prelims)-2005]
(1) Thiolactone (2) Thiol (3) Thioether (4) Thioester
Sol. Answer (2)
Thiol because S-S bond is formed.
21. Which is not the correct statement about RNA and DNA?
(1) DNA is active in virus while RNA never appears in virus
(2) DNA exists as dimer while RNA is usually single stranded
(3) DNA contains deoxyribose as its sugar and RNA contains ribose
(4) RNA contains uracil in place of thymine (found in DNA) as a base
Sol. Answer (1)
DNA is active in virus while RNA does not appear in virus is wrong statement.
22. What is the nature of glucose-glucose linkage in starch that makes its so susceptible to acid hydrolysis?
(1) Starch is hemiacetal (2) Starch is acetal
(3) Starch is polymer (4) Starch contains only few molecules of glucose
Sol. Answer (2)
Because of the presence of actual linkage

Acetal
Aldehyde (–CHO)
Free
23. -(D) glucose (D) glucose, equilibrium constant for this is 1.8. The percentage of -(D) glucose at
equilibrium is
(1) 35.7 (2) 55.6 (3) 44.4 (4) 64.3
Sol. Answer (1)

- D glucose
 - D glucose
β form
K=
α form
β
1.8 =
α
β
1.8 + 1 = +1
α
α+β
2.8 =
α
α 1
 =
α + β 2.8
α 100
× 100 = = 35.7
α+β 2.8
∵ % of –D glucose = 35.7%
24. By the action of enzymes, the rate of biochemical reaction
(1) Does not change (2) Increases (3) Decreases (4) Either (1) or (3)
Sol. Answer (2)
Rate of biochemical reaction increases by using enzymes.
Without enzyme
With enzyme
Rate
Reaction progress 
25. The secondary structure of a protein refers to
(1) Regular folding patterns of contiguous portions of the polypeptide chain

(2) Three-dimensional structure, specially the bond between amino acid residues that are distant from each
other in the polypeptide chain
(3) Mainly denatured proteins and structures of prosthetic groups
(4) Linear sequence of amino acid residues in the polypeptide chain
Sol. Answer (1)
The secondary structure of protein refers to regular folding patterns of contiguous portions of the polypeptide
chain.
26. The oxidation of glucose is one of the most important reactions in a living cell. What is the number of ATP
molecules generated in cells from one molecule of glucose?
(1) 28 (2) 38 (3) 12 (4) 18
Sol. Answer (2)
From one molecule of glucose 28 ATP molecules are generated in the cell.
27. Which of the following statements about enzymes are true?

(1) Enzyme catalyse chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy
(2) Enzymes are highly specific both in binding chiral substrates and in catalysing their reactions
(3) Enzymes lack in nucleophilic groups
(4) Pepsin is proteolytic enzyme
Sol. Answer (2)
Enzymes are highly specific both in binding chiral substrate and in catalysing their reactions.
28. The –D glucose and –D glucose differ from each other due to difference in carbon atom with respect to its
(1) Number of OH groups (2) Size of hemiacetal ring (3) Conformation (4) Configuration
Sol. Answer (4)
-D glucose & -D glucose has different configuration at chiral centre.
29. Haemoglobin is
(1) A vitamin (2) A carbohydrate (3) An enzyme (4) A globular protein
Sol. Answer (4)
Haemoglobin is a globular protein.
30. The function of enzymes in the living system is to

(1) Catalyse biochemical reactions (2) Provide energy
(3) Transport oxygen (4) Provide immunity
Sol. Answer (4)
Enzymes provide immunity.
31. The number of molecules of ATP produced in the lipid metabolism of a molecule of palmitic acid is
(1) 56 (2) 36 (3) 130 (4) 86
Sol. Answer (1)
lipid
Palmitic acid ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯
metabolism
→ 56 ATP
32. Glucose molecule reacts with X number of molecules of phenyl-hydrazine to yield osazone. The value of X is
(1) Two (2) One (3) Four (4) Three
Sol. Answer (4)
Glucose + 3 phenyl hydrazine  Osazone
33. Which of the following is the sweetest sugar?

(1) Fructose (2) Glucose (3) Sucrose (4) Maltose
Sol. Answer (1)
Fructose is the sweetest sugar.
34. -D-glucose and -D glucose are

(1) Epimers (2) Anomer (3) Enantiomers (4) Diastereomers
Sol. Answer (2)
-D glucose & -D glucose
Anomers
35. Which one is responsible for production of energy in bio reaction?

(1) Thyroxine (2) Adrenaline (3) Oestrogen (4) Progesterone
Sol. Answer (1)
Thyroxine is responsible for the production of energy is bio reaction.
36. Mg is present in
(1) Chlorophyll (2) Haemoglobin (3) Vitamin-D (4) Vitamin-B
Sol. Answer (1)
Mg is present in chlorohyll .
37. Which of the following give positive Fehling solution test?

(1) Sucrose (2) Glucose (3) Fats (4) Protein
Sol. Answer (2)
CHO COO–
H OH H OH
HO H 2+ – HO H
+ 2Cu + 5OH + Cu2O + 3H2O
H OH H OH
H OH H OH
CH2OH CH2OH
38. Which of the following is correct about H-bonding in nucleotide?

(1) A – T G – C (2) A – G T – C (3) G – T A – C (4) A – A T – T
Sol. Answer (1)
A = T⎫
⎬ Base pairing in DNA
C ≡ G⎭
O
:
39. — C — NH — (peptide bond). Which statement is incorrect about peptide bond?
(1) C – N bond length in proteins is longer than usual bond length of N – C bond
(2) Spectroscopic analysis show planar structure of — C — NH — group

O
(3) C – N bond length in proteins is smaller than usual bond length of C – N bond
(4) None of these
Sol. Answer (1)
–
O O
.. +
– C – NH – – C = NH 
Amide group (peptide) is having shorter C–N bond in comparison with normal C–N bond.
40. Enzymes are made up of

(1) Edible proteins (2) Proteins with specific structure
(3) Nitrogen containing carbohydrates (4) Carbohydrates
Sol. Answer (1)
Enzymes are made up of edible protein.
41. Which is not true statement?

(1) -carbon of -amino acid is asymmetric
(2) All amino acids are found in L-form
(3) Human body can synthesize all amino acids they need
(4) At pH = 7 both amino and carboxylic groups exist in ionised form
Sol. Answer (3)
All amino acids could not be synthesised by human body.
42. Vitamin B12 contains
(1) Fe (II) (2) Co (III) (3) Zn (II) (4) Ca (II)
Sol. Answer (2)
Vitamin B12 is having Co (III).
43. Glycolysis is
(1) Oxidation of glucose to glutamate (2) Conversion of pyruvate to citrate
(3) Oxidation of glucose to pyruvate (4) Conversion of glucose to haem
Sol. Answer (3)
Glycolysis involves glucose  pyruvate
44. Phospholipids are esters of glycerol with

(1) Three carboxylic acid residues
(2) Two carboxylic acid residues and one phosphate group
(3) One carboxylic acid residue and two phosphate groups
(4) Three phosphate groups
Sol. Answer (2)
Phospholipids are esters of glycerol with two carboxylic acid residues and one phosphate group.
45. Chargaff’s rule states that in an organism

(1) Amount of adenine (A) is equal to that of thymine (T) and the amount of guanine (G) is equal to that of
cytosine (C)
(2) Amount of adenine (A) is equal to that of guanine (G) and the amount of thymine (T) is equal to that of
cytosine (C)
(3) Amount of adenine (A) is equal to that of cytosine (C) and the amount of thymine (T) is equal to that of
guanine (G)
(4) Amounts of all bases are equal
Sol. Answer (1)
According to Chargaff's rule
A=T
CG
46. Which of the following structure represents the peptide chain?

H O H H
(1) N C N C NH C NH (2) N C C C C N C C C
O H O
H H H O O
H H
(3) N C C N C C N C C (4) N C C C N C C N C C C
H O
O O
Sol. Answer (3)
H H H O
–N–C–C=N–C–C–N–C–C–
O O
This is peptide chain.
47. A sequence of how many nucleotides in messenger RNA makes a codon for an amino acid?
(1) Three (2) Four (3) One (4) Two
Sol. Answer (1)

Three nucleotides in messenger RNA makes a codon for an amino acid.
48. The hormone that helps in the conversion of glucose to glycogen is
(1) Cortisone (2) Bile acids (3) Adrenaline (4) Insulin
Sol. Answer (4)
Insulin helps in the conversion of glucose to glycogen.
49. The enzyme which hydrolyses triglycerides to fatty acids and glycerol is called
(1) Maltase (2) Lipase (3) Zymase (4) Pepsin
Sol. Answer (2)
Lipase
Triglycerides ⎯⎯⎯⎯ → fatty acid + glycerol
50. The correct statement in respect of protein haemoglobin is that it

(1) Functions as a catalyst for biological reactions
(2) Maintains blood sugar level
(3) Acts as an oxygen carrier in the blood
(4) Forms antibodies and offers resistance to diseases
Sol. Answer (3)
Haemoglobin acts as an oxygen carrier in the blood.
51. Number of chiral carbons in -D-(+) glucose is
(1) Five (2) Six (3) Three (4) Four
Sol. Answer (4)
There are four chiral centres in one glucose molecule.

CHO
H * OH
HO * H
H * OH
H * OH
CH2OH
52. The helical structure of protein is stabilized by

(1) Dipeptide bonds (2) Hydrogen bonds (3) Ether bonds (4) Peptide bonds
Sol. Answer (2)

H-bond formed between C = O one amino acid residue and the –NH of the 4th amino acid to give it -Helix
structure.
53. During the process of digestion, the proteins present in food materials are hydrolysed to amino acids. The
enzymes involved in the process Proteins  Amino acids, are respectively
(1) Invertase and zymase (2) Amylase and maltase
(3) Diastase and lipase (4) Pepsin and trypsin
Sol. Answer (4)
SECTION - D
Assertion - Reason Type Questions
1. A : Glucose and Mannose are Anomers.

R : Configuration at 1st carbon differ in Glucose and Mannose.
Sol. Answer (4)
Glucose and Mannose are diastereomers.
CHO CHO
H – C – OH HO – C – H Difference in
configuration at
HO – C – H HO – C – H Carbon No. 2
H – C – OH H – C – OH (Diastereomers)
H – C – OH H – C – OH
CH2OH CH2OH
D(Glucose) D(Mannose)
2. A : Glycine is the only amino acid which is optically inactive.

R : Glycine has no chiral carbon.
Sol. Answer (1)
H Achiral carbon
H C NH2
COOH
Glycine
3. A : Specific rotation of freshly prepared aqueous solution of -D(+) glucose and -D(+) glucose are same.
R : -D(+) glucose 'and -D(+) glucose are epimers.
Sol. Answer (3)
(A) is true.
(R) is false -D glucose and (D) glucose are anomers because they differ in configuration at Carbon No. 1
4. A : Glucose, Mannose and Fructose form identical osazone.

R : Glucose, Mannose and Fructose have identical configuration at 3rd, 4th and 5th carbon atom.
Sol. Answer (1)
All the three have same configuration at 3rd, 4th and th C OH on left side on 3rd & OH on right side on 4th
& 5th carbon.
5. A : D-fructose is used for sweetening cold drinks but not hot ones.
R : D-Glucose is dextro rotatory.
Sol. Answer (2)
Because D-glucose is dextrorotatory as well as have (D) configuration.


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Chapter 27

1. Which of the following is a reducing sugar?

(1) Glycogen (2) Maltose (3) Sucrose (4) Starch

Sol. Answer (2)

The maltose is a reducing sugar.

2. Glucose reacts with HNO3 to form

Sol. Answer (2)

3. Carbohydrate is a condensation polymer of

Sol. Answer (4)

Carbohydrate is a condensation polymer of simple sugars.

4. On reaction with red P + HI, glucose forms

5. Which of the following carbohydrate cannot be digested by human body?

(1) Starch (2) Cellulose (3) Glycogen (4) All of these

Sol. Answer (2)

6. Which of the following is an essential amino acid?

(1) Asparagine (2) Glutamine (3) Histidine (4) Alanine

Sol. Answer (3)

Histidine is essential amino acid.

7. Which of the following amino acid is optically inactive?

9. Deficiency of which of the vitamin causes rickets?

10. Which of the following is water soluble vitamin?

11. Glycosidic linkage is present in

12. In which form carbohydrate is stored inside the human body?

13. –D (+) Glucose and -D(+) Glucose are

14. Which of the following is basic amino acid?

15. Which of the following disaccharide consists only of glucose unit?

16. Which of the following disaccharide is called invert sugar?

17. Which of the following component in starch is water insoluble?

18. Which of the following carbohydrate is known as animal starch?

19. Antibodies are known as

(1) Carbohydrates (2) Proteins (3) Lipids (4) Enzymes

Sol. Answer (2)

Proteins are antibodies not carbohydrates.

20. Tertiary structures of proteins is given as

(1) -helix (2) Fibrous (3) -pleated (4) All of these

21. The helical structure of proteins is stabilised by

22. Albumin is a type of

23. Glucose when reacted with acetic anhydride forms

(1) Diacetate (2) Hexa-acetate (3) Pentacetate (4) Tetra-acetate

24. Co is present in which of the following vitamin?

(1) Vitamin-A (2) Vitamin-C (3) Vitamin-B12 (4) Vitamin-D

25. Complementary bases present in DNA are

Sol. Answer (2)

26. Choose the correct statement about isoelectric point

(4) At this point amino acids are basic in nature

Sol. Answer (2)

At isoelectric point, the concentration of zwitter ion is maximum.

27. Amino acids are known to be building blocks of

(1) Proteins (2) Nucleic acids (3) Carbohydrates (4) Vitamins

28. Nucleotides contain

29. DNA-directed synthesis of proteins occurs through

31. Correct order of calorific value is

Fats > Carbohydrates > Proteins

O can be used to remove butter strain from clothes.

33. The commonest disaccharide has molecular formula

34. Mutarotation is not seen in

35. Mutarotation in aqueous solution is shown by

Maltose shows mutarotation in aqueous solution.

36. The acid which shows salt-like character in aqueous solution is

NH2 +NH3 (Zwitter ion)

37. Branched chain structure is shown by

39. Glucose does not give

41. Glucose reacts with HCN to give