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    Cmaa Specification 74 2004 PDF

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    Alfredo VS

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    cman (CRANE MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA, ING. © 2004 by Crane Manufacturers Association ‘of America, Inc. @smar CRANE MANUFACTURERS, [RSSOGIATION OF AMERICA, NC. ‘An Affliate of Material Handting Industry of America ‘A Division of Material Handiing Industry 8720 Red Oak Bive,, Suite 201 SM gio4 Charlotte, NC 28217-3992 3M 7/99 PEM ‘Telephone: (704) 675-1190 2M 1704 PEM FAX: (704) 676-1199 650 9/06 PEM Website: wirv.mhia.orglemaa 250 2/08 PEM, (CMAA is an affiliate of The Material Handling Industry of America division of Material Handling Industry ‘CMAA SPECIFICATION NO. 74-2004 ‘SPECIFICATIONS FOR TOP RUNNING AND UNDER RUNNING SINGLE GIRDER ELECTRIC TRAVELING CRANES UTILIZING UNDER RUNNING TROLLEY HOIST INTRODUCTION ‘This Spectioation has been developed by the Crane Manutacturers Associafon of Amerie, ine. (EMAA), an ‘rgerizatonofteading electric averhead vaveing cane manulactrer née United Sales, for the pursooe of promoting standardization and proving @ bass for equlpmen! selection, The use of tis Speciicaton should ‘not lhe Ingenuity ofthe nditdusl manufacturer but shoul provide guidelines for techie! provedue Indien to Specifications the pubication contain informatin which shoul be helpful tothe purchaace en users of cranes and to the engineering and architecuel professions. Wile much of nis information ‘ust be of © general nature, Ino lems fisted may be checked with indiidusl manufacturers ane Comperisone mace lesding le optimum selection ef eeuioment. ‘These Seecoaions consis of eight sections 2s olows: 741 General Spectcaons 74-2 Crane Classifcations 743 Sica! Design 744 Mechanical Design 748 Elects! Equipment 748 Inquiry Data Shest and Speeds 7 Glossary 108 index Nopartof hese Spectcations may be ropoducedin any form without {he por wit parmission of GMA, Copyight ©2004 by Crane Manulacturecs Assorston of Amerie, Inc, Al ighls reserved DISCLAIMERS AND INDEMNITY (CRANE MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA, INC. (CMA) ‘The Cane Manuele Associaton of America, Ire (CHA) sen indepen ieerorles ace ascciin ated vi Fe ial oadig tasty of Antic Ovson oat Mang inst CE [MATERIAL HANDLING INDUSTRY AND ITS MATERIAL HANDLING INDUSTRY OF AMERICA DNISION (ME) MH roids CMA wit cai savas onc spelialyinconnecton wi base Specticslions,aranges fx ai pode [need aerator, Meter hi, setae, recta or empoyees Nev ay oer pxcpaion inthe developments ‘eperton ofthe niomson conned he Spectre ‘tings concen se SpeScatons sl be ected n wing tothe Cskman oft CAA Enginerng Come {to do ioe ManstaturersAeeoiono rer, ne 8720 Red O28, Sue 20, Chao, NC. 28217 Foreresparse totic ussons ve he CNAAWeb ie wenchlaeipsePSC_Praduts Cranes TeckOvesterscin ‘rw doc tothe CLA Ergsearng Commitaa al the above ease. SPECIFICATIONS User of nese Specetons most en toe ann engiwestesimnrs cr « maniacs represent speci cr ‘Sougesopesions wees TWove Spesicaon aa ofeeg as oration ard gules hich eur mey oma ret ose nodoph osty rojo a Urea, cbevie orp, 1 an pat ese Specsteabons, NEUES Soren the el wero neem, wart Gainer, anc cesasner aby “he sy ofthese Specie perme ad navson aly anatmandaiory. Volniry wets whine conte ‘Seren ef be lor on ot landed a, done nln ay ay rt he gel, responsi grevega= of fetal mansacurertodosgno: roduc elect ovehene aun cranes when do ot ec ah nese Spodica- one MAS hss lege suioytorequee er ene compliance hate Speciation Those sso Specfa- ane price tscnea! guseanan fe te sar ape his appaton, Foloning these Gpodosson des nl een ‘plane nit epi lect lt, sd octave Oreghatone ane Ses, These Speciation on Sry persan and doko he fal oft ‘CUBA ad Nt do rot pprom ae, er nots hae Spciiasens. The Gono a ny positon egg ay patent ‘Grice cori voveolobe sete th egeaio oe Spctcalon cr donctureerake peu anyone esha ‘hve pecicaorsapanst aby frintsngemon of ary sppicole Lot Patni conyrghtibHy, or sasime ay Si" Mott" Users efene Spector are expel adesed tatdstornaion of tha ai f ny such pyri pte (hts ox be ako wtengomen' of auch gus opialy fer oan reapursay, DISCLAIMERS AND INDEMNITY DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY:CMAA AND MH MAK NO WARRANTIES WHATSOEVER IN CONNECTION WITH THESE SPECEICATIONS, GMA AND Hl SPECEIGALY DISCLAIM ALL INPLEED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY ‘SrOF Fmtess FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE, NO WARRANTIES EXPRESS, NPLIED, ORSTATUTORY) ARE MADE IN CORRECTION WITH THESE SPECIFICATIONS, DISCLAIER OF LIABILITY: BY REFERRING TO OR OTHERWISE EMPLOYING THESE SPECIFICATIONS USER SPE- CIPICALLY UNGERSTANDS AND AGREES THAT CHIAA Ml, THEI OFFICERS, AGENTS AND EMPLOYEES SHALL [NOTSELIABLEW ToT AND I CONTRACT - WHETHER BASED ON WARRANTY, NEGUGENCE, STRICT LABILITY, ‘GR ANY OTHER THEORY OF LAGLITY - FOR ANY ACTION OR ALURE TO ACT IN RESPECT TO THE DESIGN, SR Ston INSTALLATION, MANUFACTURER, PREPARATION FOR SALE, SAL = CHARACTERISTICS, FEATURES, (Gr bet veRy OF ANY Trin COVERED BY THESE SPECIFICATIONS. BY REFERRING TO, OR OTHERWISE EX PLOVING, THESE SPECIFICATIONS, 18 THE USERS INTENT AND UNDERSTANOING TO ABSOLVE AND PRO- FECT can, i, THER SUCCESSONG, ASSIGNS, OFFICERS, AGENTS, AND EMPLOYEES FROM ANY AND ALL TORT, CONTRACT, OR OTHERLIABILITY. |NDEAINITY- Y AEFERRING TO, OR OTHERWISE ENPLOYING, THESE SPECIFICATIONS, THE USER AGREES TO Defend, PROTECT, NDEWNIFY, AND HOLD CHAN We, THEIR SUCCESSORS, ASSIGNS, OFFICERS, AGENTS, [xb tubLovees Hataniess FROM Ato AGANSY ALL CLANS, LOSSES, EXPENSES, DAMAGES AND LIBIL {NES OIRECT. NGDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL, ARISING FROM ACGEFTANCE OR USE OF THESE SPECIFICA. ‘TONS INCLUDING LOSS ON PRORTS AND REASONABLE ATTORNEY'S FEES, WPECH MAY ARSSE OUT OF THE [ASCEPTIIGE Of USE OR AIL EGE USE OF THESE SPECIFICATIONS, T BEING THE INTENT OF THES PROVISION ‘SRb Or TE USERTO ABSOLVE AND PROTECT CUAA ei THEIR SUCLESSORS, ASSIGNS, OFFICERS, AGENTS, NB BUELOYEES PROM NY AND ALL LOSE RELATING IN ANYWAY TO THESE SPEGIFIOATIONS RCLUDING ‘Fiose RESULTING PROW THEIR ON NEGLIGENCE. é m4 2 43. TABLE OF CONTENTS General Specitcations cr 1A Scope 12 Butelng Design 43 Glearance 34 Runway 15 Runway Conductors 15 Rete: Copacty 17 Design Stesses 13 Genet 43 Paining 110 Assemy end Preparation for 168 ‘Shipment san Tosing| 1142 Drawings and Manuals 143 Erection 14 Lobriston 115. Inspection, Maintananee and Crane Operator Crane Ciassieations 24 General 22 Gasea 23 Oass8 2a Gassc 25 GaseD 28 Crane Sorvice Class in Terms of Loed Glass ond Load Oyles| ‘Structral Design 748, 31 Matesal a7 22° Welding 33° Siwcure 748 34 Alonabe Stresses 35 DesignLiitatons 38 Bildge Ena Tek 37 Operstors Cab 38° Slucturaaaling echnical Design 44 Bridge Ovves 32° Goming 43° Bosrngs 34 Bridge Brakes 35 Shots 48 Covpines 47 Whees 48 Bumpers and Stops Electrical Equipment 54 Genet 52 Moors —AC end OC 33. Bakes 54 Contaies, AC and OC 55° Restore 56. Prolecine ond Safely Feaures 87 Master Swasnes 58 Floor Operated Pendant Pushston Statens 59 Limt Svitches 510 ntalaton 511 Bridge Conductor Systrm 512 Runway Conductor System 513 Voltage Drop 514 invenere I 518 Remote Comat | Inguty Data Sheet and Speeds ‘Glossary Index 44 scope 44a aaa 444 15 146 141 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS “These Sposteaions ehallbe known asthe Speciieations fr Top Running and Under Runniog ‘Siglo Ger Electc Overhead Traveling Canes Uizng Under Runring Talley Hoist CMAA ‘Spocteatons No. 74 -Ravised 2004 ‘The Specfeations and formation cnisinad inthis publetion apply lo top running and under uring single gid electric overhead traveling cranes bling unde running tole Pest ex. ‘apt pateniod rack should be urdersood thatthe Specteations are general in ale and ‘ther Spaciieatione may be aqreed upon benvoen the purchaso’ and the manufacturer to cit ech specie Instaton, These Spaciicatins do not cover equipment used 0 WR, ower or transport personnel suspended a tho halt rope seta “These Spocifcaonsouliae, In Secon 742, four diferent classes of crane service as 2 guide for determining the senice requirements of fe ncvidvl appesven. in many eases, there fo dearcategoryofsarvceinwrich a parila’ crana operation may fal, and te prone selec {on ofa ere can be mado ony trough a dlecusion of eendoe rquoments nd te crane etal wth Ie crane manufacturer orater qualfiedparsans. ‘Service cantons hava an imparintinfence on tie life othe wearing pats of crane such ‘wheels, gare, Daarnge, secs! quent and must be consigeed Inspecting a crane to sasure maximo ile and minimum maintnence, In elactng overhead rane equip. ti important tat not enly present but future opers- ‘ions be considered which may increase loading and service requreents end that equiament be elaced which wil sats tua nceased carve conor, heraby minimizing te pass- Lily of oveinaing oF pci ino duly cassealin higher han intended, Parts of those Specfestios refer to cartain portions of ether appictle Spectetons, codes ‘rsiondards, Where intrpatalone difer, NAA recommends that tnese Specifications be ‘sed asthe guideline. Mentionod inthe tt are publestons ef te folowing egarizabone: ‘ABMA —__Amesican Bearing Manufacturers Associton 225 4 Stee, NW, Sue 800. Weshingon, Oc 20036 AGMA —_Amescan Gace Mnufgcurrs Association 4500 King Svee, Sute 201 loxonda, Virginia 22314-2780 2001-095; Fundamental Rating Factors and Caleulaion Methods er lnvolute Spur and Heseal Gear Teeth ‘AGMA 998.889: Goomety Factors for Dotomining Filing Resistance and Sending Stongth of Spur, Halcl and Herringbone Gear ‘ean S010F97. Spur, Holcal, Heringhons and Bevel Enclosed Dives asc ‘Ametican Intvie of Steal Construction {East Wacker, Sule 3100 Crieago nls 60807-2001 ans! ‘Amefican National Standards netito ‘Hest dana Street lem York, New York 10088 sce ASME asta awe oman Nec NEPA Nema Ha cosa “Tho American Society of Civil Engineers {80t Aorandor Bel Dive sion, Vigra 20191, [ASCE 7.98 - Minimum Design Loads er @unge and Other Srutures ‘American Sosy of Mechanical Engineers 22 Law Dive, P.O. Bon 2500 Fate, New Jersey 07007-2300 ASME 830.11-1968 - Monrais ane Underhung Cranes ‘ASME 830.16-1989 - Ovechae Holos (Underhung) ‘ASWE 830,17-1995 - Overwad and Gentry Crane (Top Rureing, Single Gide, Uncermung Hot) ‘Amarican Soceyof Testing and Nateriis {00 Bar Horeor Ore Wiost Conshocten, Pennsyvania 19428 American Welding Sily 530 NIV. LaJoune Rood P.O, Box 251040 Mami Feiéa 35125 Dtd..S7- Specincatons for Weting Indust and il Crenes ang Other Mataral Handing Equipment Crane Manutacturere Associaton of Aerie, In 8720 Red Oak Be, Suite 201 (Chavoita, Neds Carine 28217-9902 ‘Overnoed Crane and Maintenance Checklist (rane Operators Manu (Grane Operator's Training Video Nana! lack Code Natcnal Fr Prleetion Association 1 Batlaryrarch Pare 20, Box 9101 Quincy, Massachuects 02269-9101 19997090958 National Eieceal Manufacturers Associaton 1300 Nom 17th Steet Sute 1847 Rosslyn, Virginia 22203 1081-1999 Industral Cont Systems and Becca Requirements Holst Manuactirers nseute {8720 Red Oak Bs, Sue 201 Chart, Noth Garon 28217-3902 U.S. Departnea| of bor Direcieate of Safety Stondarde Program 200 Genstluton Avenue, HW. Wasringion, OC 2020 29CR Part 1810 - Occupational Sefety & Heath Standards for General Inusty (Revised 71187) ‘Srose Coneanvation RE Peterson Waltz 0. Pikey CCopyratt, 1087 Joha Wily & Sons, ne ‘Data was iced from (FEM) Federation Europosnna De La Menutanton, Section IK ‘Seis Ling Equipment oc! Gear Svesses Fen.9.341 ts Elion (E) 10.1989 ‘The Hoist and Trolley my be euppid by the crane manutacturess or by the purchaser. In ‘thorease, he Hoe sd Troy all comply wih speleabie Specifications ofthe Hols Manu {betes natute end wath ASIHE 8.4016 1909 eafety standard for ‘Overhead Hoist (Under Fung) ifthe Holst sndior Troley are supped by Ine pucheser, the erane butdor shat be Drevced wits cetied dmaneionl drawings win a roguied deta, cluding wing degra, {flay comectrlocallans, and iroiey host weight. Ths CIARA Speciation #74 does rat ‘pny tothe nes andlor vey. 4.2 BUILDING DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS 124 1244 aaa aaa sana aaa 4216 ‘The buling in which an ovemmead cranes to be lasaled ust be designed with consideration jean oe following pains ‘Te astsoce rom the ooo the loves overhead ebstcton must be such asf allow fo the ‘eejard hook it piste lance tom the sac er palm ofthe hook ns highest postion to the high pont on he rane plus eoarance Loh lowest cveresd obsivetons ination, the distance from the Race othe ovest overhead abatction mustbe such hat the towest pant on the cre il lear all machinry o when nacessery prove reload or WUck ‘Goaranco under te crane. ‘Altes determination ofthe bulcing neigh. based onthe factors above, the crane unway must te located wits the top ofthe runvay ra ats Glance bacw the lowest overhead obstruction equal the helt ofthe crane plus clesrance, Lights, pipes, or anyother abject proecting below ths owos point on he bung ss must be considered ihe determination of te lowest overhead cbstucson. “The bulng knee braces must be deignod to pari the requited nook approaches, ‘Accs tothe cab or brie walkway shouldbe 3 fied lar, sts, oF pater raquiina no ‘Sop over any gap exceeding 12 ches. Fedladders shall bein aocorcance with ANSI A143, ‘Salty Requroments for Fixed Loaders 13 CLEARANCE aaa 12a ‘Arninimum clearance of incies between the highest ain of te crane and te lest over- head dostucton sal be provided. For Dulcngs wrero russ sag becomes a facor, is clear ance shouldbe meveased accordinaly ‘The leerance between the endo! he cane ond building corms, knee braces or any ahr osituction shell note les han 2inches wih ane cenore on runway els. Pipes conc, ‘te, musi nat educe this cesranca ‘Unere nassogsiays or walenays are prouded on he svucire supporting tne crane, obstuc- Tone onthe supporing structure sal nt be placed aa tht pavsomel wil be siruck by move- trent ofthe crane. The aecureey of buking mensions isthe rosporsiiy ofthe omer peciierof the eqsipment 14 RUNWAY tad 1444 14342 aan sata 14s 14aza 44422 14423 ‘The crane runway, runway ral, and crane stose ero typical frlehed by the purchaser unless olterwise specie. The crane slops furnished bythe purchasers 1 be desiyiod 1 Sut the specs crane tobe etal “Top Running Runway Rats srl be staph, paral, ove and atthe same elevation, The cone o contr stance, sand ihe elevation shaibe win te totarances given in T36614.1-1 The runny rls shoud be standard ral sections or anyother commercial rolled section with ‘equivalent Spocticatons ofa proper size forthe cone tbe isle, Proper ral spiloes and hold down fastener are toe provid. Ral separation tons sal ot ‘exceed 118 nh, Floating ats arena recommended “Te crane runway shalt bo dosignes with suicient trang anc rigid to prevent detente lateral or vertical deRecon ‘The atral deflection shoulé nt exceed, M00 besed en 10% of maximum whee! asa) t= oul VIF. Unlassateruise speci, he vical decon should notexezed 500 Desed on maximum whee less) without VIE, Garry and ober iypes of spec cranes may requ ‘ons considerations = Runmay ier span being evaiated UUndor-Runsing Runways Uncer-unring rurway beams shale saighl an para. The whee! running surface shatbe at he are ctvaion, have ro tansvorse i, and shallbe hel in ebgnment a ci, “The center to cantar stance and the elevation shal be within te tolerances given in Table 141 The maximum gap betneen en of he ed cag ages sh nt exceed “Tha cone cunway shal be designed with sufeient strength and rigty to preven tment {ater or vertical Gelction. The dacign shai prevde for the elect of tear lading Sloat flange loading. The verical deflection should not exceed 1, 450 based on maximum Whoo ‘oad(s)winout VE 1.5 RUNWAY CONDUCTORS 154 (Contact conductors shallbe quarced ina manner that persons canrolinsvetniy oven ner ‘zed curent—camying pes. Flexible conductor aysieme shall be designed and installed in & Imannerio minimize tie eects ef fexing, cabo tension, and abrasion “The runway conductors may be bare hard awn copper wire, har copper, unum orseein the form of sf shapes, Isate cables, cabe fea pckup or cer sufabio moans o mast fo pariculerappcalin and shall bo instal in accordance wth Arle 610 ofthe National Elec- tical Coge and comply with a local appicabe codes. Runway conductors are nocmaly funished and instal by the purchaser unless otherwise spectied, “The conductors shal be propery supperted nd algned horzoniaky and varealy with the way ra “Te conductor shal have suicient ampasly to cary the required curent tothe cane, cranes, when aperting wih ated osd. The conductor ating shal be sella n cordance ‘ih Arle 610 of the Nationa Elecite Code. For manuieetured conductor estes with pub lished ampecies, te itermitent ratings may be used. The ampasties of fae ons Suh a heating ighting, and ar condoning may be computed ae 2.25 ies hor eum ttl which il pert the appcation a he nterttent ampeity ratings fr use wih conn fixed ids ) TABLE 14464 ay i i i . gee eae ' veo | 4 | ty Hid | eld | Lu _ sue = z eu 3 the i bo8b2 ge gesae| 158 The nominal runway conductor supply eytem vellage, actual inut te volege. and uray conascorvallage does shal ren crane motor votage erances per Secon & 13 Volage Drops 187 In. crane ingly, he runway conductor system type ehowd be speciied and whether the syetem willbe supplied by the purchase or erene manufacture. If supled bythe purchaser, the lecaton shouldbe sisted 418 RATED CAPACITY 16.1 The ated capacty of a crane bridae fs specified bythe manufacturer. This capacity shal be ‘marked oneact side ofthe crane bridge and shall lage tem Ine operating cer, 1182 Individual ost uns shal have their ated copacty marked on hel boto Bock, In adon, ‘capaci labo chould be marked onthe hott body. 189 The oa ited eas shal not excod ts rated capacty of the crane brig, Load en Individual raat orhooke hall not exceed thee rated cape 1.54 When detaining the rated capac ofa eran ll ccessavies below the hook, sucha load ars, magnets, gr, el, shal be clued as pata he bed tobe hal 17 DESIGNSTRESSES Materials sl be properly Saects forthe stresses and work eyes 1 which thay aro eub ince Structural pats shall be designed according tothe pproart limits 98 per Chanter 74:9 ofthis Specification. Mechesical pets shad be deskned according to Chapier 74-4 f is Speciics- Ton. Al char load carying pers shal be cesigod 60 tha the calculated state stress Inthe materia based on rated cane capacly, shal not excood 20 percent ofthe pushed average Ultimate sirengt ofthe materi Te tation of sess provides a margin of erengih to allow or varation inte proparias of ‘atrial, manufacturing and operating careltons, an design assumpions and und 0 ct ‘tion should imply auherzation or protecion fer users loading the ene beyond the ated capaaly 18 GENERAL 10.1 apparatus covered by tis Spesitston shale concrutedin thorough and workmanlike ‘manner. Duo regard sl ba gen inthe design for operation, access, interchangeably ‘and durbity of pats. 1.82 This Specifcefoninctudes a appcabe fstwes of ASME 830.11 (1988) Nanorals and Une trang Cranes ASIAE 830.16 (1953) Ovariad Hosts Underungh end ASME 630.17 (1982) (Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running, Single Grder Uncerbung Hols) 19 PAINTING 1.81 Before shipment, he cane sal be leaned nd given a protective cost. 182 The coating may coosit of any numb of coats of primer and rish paint accering to tho manufacture’ stendaréo¢ as there spaces 110. ASSEMBLY AND PREPARATION FOR SHIPMENT 4110.1 The crane sould he assembled the manulactrere's part according tothe manufacturer's stance, 1102 Apart of be crane shouldbe carol match mated, 140.3 All exposed ted pars and local equpmen axe tobe pxctated for sioment IFstorage fs required, srangomonts should ba made wit the manufacture for exe protecon, jat TESTING {tt Testingin the manufacture’ pantie conducted according lo tho manutscture’'s testing pooe- dre, unless cnarwise specie, 412 Any documantaion of nondestructive testing of maleil such as Xray, utrasonie, magnete patele eto, should bo oneidored 2s an ent iam ands normaly done ony specie 432 DRAWINGS AND MANUALS: Normaty to (2) coping of the manutaturer's dearance diagrams are submited fr approve, neof whichis approved and relied tne crane manufacturer. Also, wo 2) sets of operating Insructons and spare pars formation are ypiealykurished Deal dawinge are normally mot fur, 4.48 ERECTION “Te ene erection irehucing assembly eld irng instalation and slang) s normaly apreed tiponbswaen he manufacturer and te anor or seoclfr. Suporisionoffeld assembly anor fina! checkout may aio be agroed upon separately betwean the manuletierandtne ohm oF specie, 1:4 LUBRICATION “The eran shal be provided wit lhe necessary ivbleatn fags. Before puting the crane Fropsraion, he otacor ofthe eran shot assure that a beerngs, goa, car lubricated in ‘sccordance vith tho erare manufacturers recommendations. 4.16 INSPECTION, MAINTENANCE AND GRANE OPERATOR. 1.35.1 Forinspecton ane maintenance cranes reler to apptcable section of ASME 820 11 Chapter 11.2, ASME 890.17 Chapter 17-2, CMSC-Specteation 378 and CMAA Overhead Crane I spacion ar Miinteranee Checks. 1152 Foroperatrresponsitty art taining, eerto applicable section ASHE 820.11 Chapter 113, [ASME 890.17 Chapter 17-9, CMAA Grane Operator's Training Veo end CMAA Grane (peraio’s Manual 2A 22 23 24 2s 74.2 CRANE CLASSIFICATIONS GENERAL ‘Sence classes have bean estabinhed £0 that he most ezancmical ane for he Inttston ‘ay be speifed in eccordance wil the Spelfication “The ctene serice Sascfication ie based on the load spectrum relating the acti Sento candtons as csely as possi, Load spectrum sa mean efectve lad, which is uniformly dstibued over a probobiiy scale ‘and appied tothe equpment ata specified requency. The selection ofthe proper siz cane ‘omeonent to perform agen funetonts determined bythe vaning load magntucee and given Toad eyes which can be expressedin enna of he mean eiectve load tata, ke VWF, PPR, * WR, whee Load magntude; expressed as a aloof each ites oad io te ata capaci Operation with no ites esd and the welght of any alachment must be F- cde Load probably; exrossad as 2 rato of cles under each load magnitude ‘onctan tothe total cys. ‘The sum ila ofthe fad probabiies P must ‘equa 19, k= Meanetfeciveload tector. (Used to 2 blah rane servic cass ont)) All dasses of canes ae afecies by th operating corto, lnraare forthe purpose othe clatefestions, tis sesumad atthe crane nil bw aperatng anormal erciant tempat te 101 (17.819 40°0) and roumel atmospheric condlions (tee fom excessive Gus mols ture ara corrosive tunes) “The cranes can be dassifed inioloacing groups secorting ta he serie conden of tho most scverely loaded per ofthe ene, The indvcual part which ere clearly epsrat rom fe rst, (revi 2 sa-conaied sruciral unt, canbe dassied into diferent oadng graups the ‘service conditions are ly kro, (CLASS A (STANDBY OR INFREQUENT SERVICE) This service dass covers cranes which may be used in installations such as poweouses, public utes, tursine rocms, rotor rooms and tanslormer stalons where precisa handlirg of {exuipment slow speeds nh long, ae pared betwoen is are reques, Capacity loads may ‘be hancl for nil station of equpment andor srequent intone, CLASS 8 (LIGHT SERVICE) This sonoe covers cranes which may be use repair shops, ight essembly operons, cr- vice bulldings, ight warehousing, el, where sees requirements sre gh and te speed Is ‘Zon. Leads may ver) from no load lo cocacional ft rated leads wah 2 to § Bs por MOU, ‘veraging 10 ft pot (CLASS ¢ (MODERATE SERVICE) tis snice covers cranes which may be used In machine shops or psperll machine rooms, tc, where service reaulrements aro moderate. in ts type of service Ihe crane wil han Toads whien average 50 percent cfs rated capacty wih 5 1) TOs por hour, earaging 1S feet, not over 69 percent of the Ita rated eapaaly, CLASS D (HEAVY SERVICE) Tis cenice covers rane which may be used in heavy machine shops, founds, fabricating Plants, ste! warehouses, conisiner yards lumbar mil, oi, ana stonéard duty bucket and magnet operabons where hazy duty praducion is queda ths ype of seria, loads a= ‘proazning 20 percent of he rated capecty wile handed constantly cing the ering ped High speecs are cesrable for this ype ol serve wah 1010.20 its rene mvering 13 ee ialover 85 percent ofthe ist rated capt, w | | | | (CRANE SERVICE CLASS IN TERMS OF LOAD CLASS AND LOAD CYCLES 2 ‘he eft cf CAA crane sericea nbd cst nbd ees shown Tels ae rae 264 DEFAITION OF CUAA cave Service CLASS fans 0 Lono Case ms LosD OvELES TOAD ora oo ae EFFECTIVE LOAD deeesertd itn N Ny N FACTOR ee a nies att tae Tmagaar| Tooie | Raga | Popa tera Sem | Mabe’ | Satie ae lsat cries] sees totes [Coca eget’ ares ease ance ete own chasse Cranes whic hes the rat load exceptionally and normaly, very Bight oad Cranes hic rarely holst ne rated Ina, and normal loads of aut of the rated load Cranes which hoist the ate oad oily Kequently end norm, leds between Y,and the ated load Cranes which are ruler loaded cose tothe ated load LOAD GYCLES 2 20,000 10,000 cytes 00,000 to 500,000 cyces 500,000 to 2,000,000 ee (ver 000,000 eyes a4 32 33 aaa 332 14-3 STRUCTURAL DESIGN MATERIAL ‘A stucturl sea shout confoem to ASTMA98 Spacflestions or shall be an ecceped ype for the purpose fer ich the steels tobe used and forthe operations tobe paformedion i Onee ‘ute materials may be used previod that the pars sre proportioned to compare design factore. WELDING A welding designs and proceduros shal conform te the crrentissue of AWS D14.1, "Speci. cation for Welding Indust and Mill Cranes.” Wold svesses determined by ied cobnstion Case 1, Sectons 3.3.2.5." end 3.4.42, shal not cioaed that shonin the eopleabie Section 344 or Table 347-1. Alonable weld stresses for load combination Cates 2 and 3, Sections 3325204 3.2.53 are tobe proportoned n accordanos wit Sections 2.4? and 343, STRUCTURE General Tre crane grdar shall be welded structural stool box seton, wide angeeam, tena | beam, ‘eiforced beam ora section fabricated tam soca pistes and shapes. The manufacturer ‘all speci the Iypo and the cansueton tobe furished. Camber end swecp should fe measured bythe manufacture pra to sigment. Loadings ‘Tae crane strturas are subjeced in conca, to repeated landing vaning wth tis which Induces Variable stesses in rambers ae connsctons though ine erat othe sect sjslem and the cross ecto shapes. Theloads acing onthe srvclure are dvdod wove. ‘ferent categories. Al tho loads having an infuesce on angering sirgth anclyes oe ‘regarded as prinpal cecs, namely the dead lode, hich ae lays present the host ed, ‘acting during each cyte. andthe Weta forces acing curing the movements of cranes, crane feamponents, end host loads. Load effet, auch 9 operating wind oa, skewing forces, sn0W loads, temperature eects, ae classlied as addtional loads and ae oly conde fot be general strength analysis ang in sabbty analysis, Other loads such es cllion, oul of service wind loads, ane lest loads applied rng the load tat are regarded 28 enteorsnary ‘aads ane except for colstn end oul of eervics wind loads ere not port of he Saecsoaln. Seismic forces are not considered n this design Spaciealion, However, reqaeed, acceler: tions shal bo spaced a to crane rae elevation by the owner or speci.” The alowsile stress levels under ths conor ofoading sll be arwed upon ah the rae rufaturer. 3324 Principal Loads 32:41 Dead Lond (OL) ‘The weight ofa fective parts of he ridge stuctire, the machinery parts andthe fed eauip- ‘mene supported by tne structure, 83242 Trolley Load 1) ‘The weigh ofthe taley nd the equipment attached to he ley 38243 Lied Loa (Lt) The ited oad consists of he working load andthe welgh of tniting denen uted fr ansting ‘and hoking the working load such a thoload ble, ng beam bute, magnel grab and he ‘ther supplemental devices. 8 asana sazias 932142 sazis 3522 aa224 orca Inert Forces “The vetcal inert forces include tose due tthe mation ofthe cranes or the crane compo: nem and thooe duet ing o lowering ofthe Rest oad. These addional loaiogs nay be ‘ncuced in simplified manner by the appscaion of © separate facter forthe dead toad (DLF) {nd forthe eit leas (HLF} by whch tha vara ating loads, member ferces ote stesses ‘unto them must be mii Dead Load Factor (OLF) “Tis factor covers only the dead teed ofthe crane, tole an Is associated equipment and shale faken acrording to: Travel Sneed FPN) oS (Le)= 115 1054 2 Hoist Load Factor (HLF This fecter applies tothe motion of he rated oad Inthe worcat dren, and cavers inestin ‘orcas, the mass forces tue ote sudden iting of te host load andthe uncertain in allo ing for oer iluences. ‘Tha hast lead factor is 0.5 percent af he hoisting speed infest per ‘rile, br nt less tha 15 percent or mre tan 60 percent excep for buckal and magoet ‘ranes for which tho value shal be takan as 0 perce of he rated capi of Ue bucket or mage host er 18.5 0.005 x Hoist Speed (FPN) = 0.5 Inetia Forces From Drives (FO) “The nena orcas ocr during acceleration or deceleration of rane motions and penton he “ving an baling torques apie By te are units and bakes dung each cycle, “The tater load du to acceleration or deceleraton shal be # percentage athe vera aed ‘and shall be eanidered 37.8 mes Ino latoralaccleraton or daceeralion rata FT/SEC") but folless than 2 5 percent ofthe Vora! loa. This percentage fo bo appied to both the ve {nd dead loads, excusiva of the end tucks, The We loa shale located inthe same poston {5 when ceeaaing the verteal marent ‘The moment of inete of tne entre girder section ‘bout ie vorical ae shal be used to termine tne crassa duo [aera fress. The edi {forces during acceleration and deceleration shal be calculated in each cave with the ire n the worst poston fr tne componont being analyzes ‘Adéiional Loads ‘Operating Wird Load (LO) ‘noes otnersise specie the ctrl operational lead due to wind an outdoor cranes shal be ‘considered es 5 pours pr squsro foto prolacied aes expoeod tothe wind, Where maple Sroces ars expased tow wind, she Norzontal stance between the surfaces i rear than the depth ofthe lageetcurace the wind aoa shal be considered fo be 16 tes the pojectod ata of he largest surface, For single surfaces, ch as cabs or machinery enc Sure. fe wind area shal be considered lo be 1.2 (or thatappicoble shape fcr spoctied by ASCE 7-teat raison) mes the projected aes sa222 3323 39234 33232 aa24 33264 Forces due to Skewing (SK) ‘Wien whee rl along a al, the horizontal frees nora othe ral ne toning Wo Ske the ‘sructure sal ba taken into consideraton. The herizoeal eres shall be obtained by mulpy- ‘ng the vera nad exerted on exch heel by coeticientS, when sependsupon thereto os we! tate, The whoo base the isence Between Pe oulermost wheels 020 oas | 010 08 Bee SPAN THEELSASE Ramo: Extraordinary Loads ‘Stored Wind Load (WLS) ‘This ia the maximum wind hat arenes designed to withstand during auto service candon ‘The seed and et pressure vais Wy No eight ofthe erane above the surrounding groune level gegratice ication and degree of exposure to pevaing winds (Se0 ASCE Tos revision as sppicaote). Colston Feroes (CF) Special loading o the crane sxctureresutng fom the bunpe stops, shal be calculated wih the craneat0 4 tines to rated speed sasuming the bumper aystam scarab of absorbing the ‘energy wii ts design stoke. Load suspends ram tolling eqularent and res oxen lead need not be ten into consideration. Where the loed cannot sing, Ine bumper effet hallbe calculated te same manner faking to acount the vale ofthe aed. Tha Kneic ‘ergy eizased on the calsin of wo cranes wit the moving masses of MM. and = 40 parce maximum ravelng speed of V, ad V, Sil be Getemined rom the folowing ooua- Mav a a ‘The bumper forces shal be estibuted in accordance wth the bumper characterises end the ‘reecor ofthe motion ofthe stuture wit the wotey I is wort positon, ‘Should the crane application requ that maximum deceleration cates andor stopping forces be ad oe fo suspended toad o bung efuctura conaeratons, oi! bumperpactve= loctes greater than 40% of maximum crane voc ae 1 be ovis fr, such conetions should te deed at ho time of he rane purcese, “Torsional Forces and Moments ‘Dus tothe Staring and Stopping of the Exige Motore ‘The tisting moment cue tothe satng and stopping ef brége motors eal be considered az 2 slang tore oho bry metor at 200 ercant a load torque mule by the gear ‘alo between the olor and cross sa 23242 Due to Vertical Loads: “Tapsice of fange at angeso-web tansion —Poit 2: “Torsional momen da over! ores ating cent the vericel neutral axis othe ger gece hal be considered as thse vera frees mulied bythe hszontl dstance between he = ‘entering ef te forces and tha haar canter afte ge. fe eens pessaae 33243 Duo to Latoral Load: 1.096 + 4.095% +0.1900-#% ‘The torsional moment duo to the lleral forse acg ecco he exon neuta x of the gid shall be considered as those harzontal force matted by the verteal tone rq 4 885- 4.6961, 5.9650 #8 Donnan he ceerne othe rcs nthe shear conor he gre eee } 3325 Load Combination Gy = 1.810- 1.4800 + 1.060017 econ ti tn AE } 38251 Case : Grae nrgvaruse under rcp edn (Sess Level 1) > OL (OLR) FTL OLE, LLY + HOF) + FO wines; pubis ange hice for standart" scion (ches) For paral ange secon gue 33.2638 4) ) 33252 Case 2:Granein ceguar use under pnpal and akon acing (ters Love 2) ead : ° » BL (OLE) + TL OLA) +LL(1 + HLF) + IAD HWLO + SK 2110418772 + 0.00760 392.53 Cased: Exraownry Loads (Suess Lovel3) 10.108 7.408), - 10.1088 46% 0.050- 0.880%. + 0.1488 295 z 332531 Crane subjected to out of service wind 6, ie © 2290-1490. + 1.99004 Lets For sing web symmevical section (Figure 33.262 8.) 322532 Graneincolision 2 i DL+TL+LL+or Roa 332533 TestLosds b= seaton width acoss anges (inches) , ‘CMA recommends test oad ot exceed 125 percent ol ated load Fereiher casos Figue 3.2.64) 3328 Locel Bending of Flanges Due to Wheel Loads ee ) ne ) 3328.1 Gach whoa ood shal be considered as cancontated load apeed al he center of wheel 2 ) contact with he flange (Figure 33.26-1. Local lange bending stresses inte Isterel() and 2) = distance fom centeline af web to edge of fange (inches) longiicina (] Srocton at eetaneiicel ports may be catulted Yom te following formulas: 5 here P= Load perwheelincuting HLF (pounds) Underside of tange at tangetonwa transiton Point 1, = Flange thickness at point of oad aplication Qrenes) > e {= Web ckness (aches) ) OF 2 = Distance fom edge offange lo point of wheel load aplication ices) (Con ver ofwmee' conte) 2 Underside of fange direct Benesth whee! contact plat Pein 1 © Nopierian base = 2.71828 P P 33262 Thelocaized sirastes due to aca banding ef adie aevect es 7s locaizd sesses du o local banding efecs imposed by whoa! loeds clefated at pons Seu WF ne Gn OF and tare be combined wih he stresses duo tothe Cato 2 Wading spect n paragraph 3325. ofthe Speciation, Figueas264 Figure 3325 Fue 33262 Lowes Chord ofa Box Gir Fuessz64 33263 33264 33265 When calculating the combined sess, the ange bending stresses for singla web gicers reo be lminshed fo 75% ofthe value eaeuated per paragraph 33.2.5. ‘The combined soss valu (6) obtained by Ihe method prescbd in 3.4.41 sha not exceed tho atowablo Caco 2erest level of 0.68 ,, ‘Addltonay, inthe case of welded cate girders ony, the localized steessos onthe topsite he Tange att Mange-toweb irensttan (Pen 2) ae tobe combina wih tn crosses duet he (Case 2 leading specified In paragraph 3.3.2.52 ofthis Speciicaon ‘The combinad sires vale (,) Inthe wld a1 Pont 2 obtained bythe method preted in pareoraph 3.44.2 shal not exceed fhe alwable weld stress spectid in paragraph 8.2 nor Salutes ange ithe eld oxzoos a value specie in Table 3.4 7-1 forjatestogoy&, ‘he loc flange bending criteria per section 33.26 lato be met in sddtion tothe genera! crea of paragranis 3.3.25 and section 3.4. ‘Aad transer points, consideration should be given lo lowe: Range stresses wich are not celeb bythe formulas presented in section 3.3.2.6, 24 ALLOWABLE STRESSES (,,) ads 342 343, 344 aaa aaa 245 ‘STRESS | ALLOWABLE | ALLOWABLE] ALLOWABLE | ALLOWABLE ‘eve | cOMPRESSION | “TeNsioN |” SHEAR | BEARING anocase |" stress: | stress | stress | _crress 7 ‘600, ‘006, | 0360, | 0750, 2 0860, cosas, | 03750, |. aso, 2 0756, orc, | 0436, | 0206, "Not eujoct to buceing. Seo poropraph 3.4.6 and 34.8, Combined Stresses Winer sate of combined plane sesses ex, the reference sress G, can be calculated tom ‘he flowing formu: Ox VGFGF-O5+9F <0, whore: G,= tenale sess Fr welds, maximum combines sess 6, shal be clculaad a tows IVGHOF AEF su, whore: G,s shear stress Gs 410,40 )29 Buckling Analysis Local biting, atl ae trsional bucking o te we pate and toca buckling ofthe recangu- lar plates arming porto the compression manta, shila mado in eccordance with a gener ali accoped teary othe strengin of mates. (See Secon 3.4.3), 6 348 saat 342 3463 ‘Compression Member ‘TneaveageaYonaie compression sess on feces socion a of axl oad compres on menor seep to bukang sole cleus hon KL (he gest fect sen. Semeasat fany segment sss han C eae j= ee [rer] > ay aCF aE a, raga allowable comprcesion stress onthe oss Secon steal aly loadod comproe- son members suscepti to bucting shal be calouated wen KL (herpes effeciveslen- damness rato of any segment) exceeds C; os 128 BRL Members subjected to both axial compression and berg stresses shal be proportioned to sats the olwing reqarements: 2.5, Sau ofocive ongih factor “unbrazd lengh of compression member ‘adus of gyration of meriber ‘modus of eles, ie point the computed aval eres compuied comprossve bending stress atthe polt under consteration ‘xi ass that wl be peemited aya forcosione existed compressive bending srs tha wit be permitted i herding moment alone exsted aitonable compression ess fiom Seaton 3.4 sae = Fak 11 Gave 1 10case2 = 080Cas09 and, = coacent whose value i taken ta be 3 = 1. Foreompression membecs in ames subject oft wansation akiesway), C, = 0.85 2. For restrained compression mambors i frames braced against jit translation and nok subject o Vansvesa leading belcen thet supports the plane of barcng. ae enossea [ 4 Jutsten tana he le ne of st asr not te ne tt pe mente ncnl Be ta of nee oan fs pss shore Minor be sroce conten apeshontoth ee see 3. For compression members in rae bracod agains jit ranelston inthe pone of oeding and subjecod to Iransverseloacng between har support, te vals of, may be dolor ‘mined by ratonalanayss. However, in eu of such analy th elowing values may be seat 8. For members whose ends are retrained C= 0.85 b. Formembers whose ends areumestains C, = 1.0 ‘Allowable Stoss Range - Reposted Load embers and festenes subject to repeated ced shall be designed so tha the maximum sess ‘oes nol exceed that shown n Sections 3.1 v3.8.6, nor aha the sess range (maximum sis minse minimum ctoss) exceed allowable vatves or varius calegores sled Toble 347-1, The minimum sitess fs Considered fo be nagatve ie oppose m eign tothe rok ‘mumsteas. Thecstogores ae ceserbedinTabie 4 7-28 wihskekes shownini.347.20 “he alonable sess range ts o Be based onthe condlon mat naaiyappronales by the doscrinton end sketch See Figur 3.4.73 for yea box geders, ramus 547 [ALONAGLE STRESS RANE oun ‘ear xo = m= ope lelo Lele a pe [slstelala » f= [elalalets «le tele lets |a 7 f»telelels a ‘Staes range values are indopendent of material yet strength a (ponunuoo) we-e ve s1avL vervemava, go Feoaoeee 248 BUCKLING 3 8481 Loca Bucking or Cpping of Flt Plates z The srctra des othe crane mus ir asin bes bicking ad lta aioe buck Fi Ing af re web plates a coe plats ono ger. For purposes of asereng buctang, 5 ales ere scdcedntorevangl arenceng's gh The angst eae 5 : Fane coresponc othe enter datncect help aphagisor waver ciienes 3 § § Seis ee pone 3 3 g Inthe cae of compression anges ho length bathe panel ness he ctanc twoon & * : wb esr he Getance belvasn nc lle and engin aflenes Inthe cate owes 2 ble wer te sane vacieete Someta tear te Serer vavon i 5s is } Compression tages or rien Ranges anc hoz iene 4 rea = 3482 Cheat bktng tess shal be scsud ta be a mull ofthe Euler Sess 6 23 Sue a 0."K,0, vz 2 é where: K * bucking cooficiantcarerssion Hl Bates e 8 me 7 i, = bucklng cooticint shoor Fels os ars sos 2 ‘The bucking coeficient K, and Kare denlifed for afew simp cases for plates with simply 3s 3 S $ 3. opr Tove3824 an sepenten {de 2 2 2 z i =a 01 alo tne wos oft plate g(2*| ¢ & & é af manner ih tic ne ai supra slang the eges ; i z € es ype oflang sisted ty the pale z = _ ee Niort eeten ie Sesion entero art seotolNsproton Foromae 3 ee ve dotted aed complex anata suc a evauatono eastcaly exraed edger, conayo xl pee | ED fe and detenrnaion of he coofiet tes, ference should be made o spelled 2] ae = fterature y| Hoe 2 3 7 é ‘vler budding sts which can be determined from the following formar i Hote B a re eas . fe [RP = ae-2taios [£] sa ae er ; i HL © Poisson's to or see t= 03) Eee ¢ 3 sf {© ttn of pate Gctes) i 8] 7 se b= widthof plate Gnches) perpendicular othe compression force is age gies 2 2 \eomoresan ad shoo setees oni smulaneciay thelndvidual era buctng sess alts | BRE g18 3 af ‘02nd, end the caelotod tress values Gand Tare used to determine the ez oer e\e2 es gait 2 33 BIER, HE, |? ij os g.u\ezee | S228) 23 3 ny sedis? |e 5: bs 2 ‘shete: = actual compression sess 1 = acu snear seas = efical compresion sess Ty ello nea tess as2 Y= sera (e00 Table 2482.) oe Intne special cae whore t= Olle simply G,, =, nd the special ease where G =O ten O,=T tte resting cites sess below the proportions it, uccng ssid ta be lat. tthe ‘esuting vali ie above tho properiona! Ef, busking Is Ee tobe lola. For inelastic ‘cng, he eal stress shal be acco to 9,(0,7 eres eee ec” TRG) LF 2522 ere: 6, = ied point “ = proporionl nt (assumed at 2) 3483 Desgn Factore “The eaey acters 8, closted th the ad fhe forms: 8° oot Incese oteasie Ducts: 8, 20Fe Oe g, Incase oinetesticbueking: 8,2 8 > ore mr “The dasign fatr OF roqurerante of bucking aes fobs: as2a TABLE 4034 TOADEOMINATION | _DESIGNFAGTORDFS_] Gane Tears Coe? 1570.25 (¥- Ca 138 005 (y=1) 353 35 DESIGNLIMITATIONS goat 351 Guidatine for Proportions of Welded Box Girders: Propetons asaia 2% {Un should not excoad 25 {Up should not exceed 5 ‘bend ho be substontsted by busing orale here: L = span (eches) lance betveen web las (aches) ‘spt of eer nr thihness of wab plate aches) b h Longitudinal Stitonsrs ‘non one lngtdnalstifenes is used, it shouldbe placed so thats centeie is approx tmalely 0 lines the distance tom the inner sutace ofthe compression fang pale fe the ‘uta ais, Mchal have = memento ners no less han we t2fos+os (2}+09 as 7 ¥,is grsatr than ©, a dstance equal to twice th datanes fom the ier suriace ofthe compression Range o ine neu! axis shal be substivod in lace of" in sauation fo When ito fongtucinal stoners ace used, they shouldbe placod o thet her contsrhaas re apptorimatly 0.25 and 0.5 ties the dltance, respectively, rom the Inver surface of the ‘Compression fange pl than ithe neutral ss. The shal each have e moment of ers no less tafoaros(a)es a(ay- 1“ AE pe 10, i greater han G, a distance equal o tice he distance fam he ian sac of the ‘compression ange tothe neutral axis shall be substited in place on equation or, ‘here: a = longitudinal distance between fll dopth dechvagms or transverse stiffness {inches} ate of one longitudinal stone) ‘momento inera Ge) ‘The momen of neta of longtudnal stitnors weed to one sks o pate salle coeuoted sbeutineintrece ofthe plate sdjecentto te silfener. Fo clones ofthe seners supported ‘ong one edga, the maximum with to Biexnoss eto anal ot bo grater then 127, 2 fot ‘slements supported along both edges, the maxarum wits to bcknese rato shall otis ester than 42.2. i the ratio of 127 oxcaeded far the elemento ha stfensr supported slong one ‘ge, but a portion of the eiffenereiernt conforms tothe maximum witinckness aio and eels the sess requitemens wit he excess considered ax ramaved, the mombers const ered acceptable. Silfened Plates In Comprecsion hen one, too hee longi! sttfenars are ads oa plats under eno compression, Siang tint segments having equal unsuppoced wits, ul edge support wl be provid By the longtuna silanes, andthe provicons of Socton 35.25 maybe appied tothe design oh the plate materia when sifeners meet minum requirements 3s flows For ne lonltudinel stifener atthe center ofthe compression plate, where b2 isthe unsupe bored al wah betreen web and sbfaner, the amen of neta of the sifeer sal be no Foss then: 29 assi2 38913 asa 3544 3542 we [oo B+ oa (§)+s(Be)fer The momentofinerta need not be arate in any case than as given bythe ftowing equation For twa longluina stfene's atthe tid points ofthe compression lange, where ts the Unsupported wit and A tho eres of ono ailfener, ie marant of Inertia ofeach of fa BS tener shal be lass than w= ford <02(@)ee 82] ee b= [osssCQfom0 Ate Foc three longitudinal sitfenes, spaced equistant at he ane fourth width locations where b/s isthe unsupported wich, snd ited afb, the mamentofinaria of exch ofthe be san shal be roles than: tps [ass 2 + 1.10 (2)'+ 12 BE for mere: 2 = longiudina tance betwean daphragms or vansverse eifenss (inches) A, = area of te siflenes (re) © Bheknass of he sttened plat inches) |, = moment of arta Go) ‘Silfeners shal be designed fo the provisions of Secon 8.5.23. Diaphragms and Vertical Stifeners The speci of he varcat web sifeners in inches shall no exceed the amount gen by the soma sat ne luhere: a = longitudinal stance between diaphragms or ansverse sens (nas) thickness of ches sheer avons in web plas (hi) Nor should he spacing excaad 72 inches or, the depth of the web, whichever is great Ful doph diaphragms may be incuded as vertical web sifleners toward meeting iis que 3543 ase 388 3553 3552 ‘The moment of ner ofany Vansversestfenr about the interface of the wet plata, used in the absence of Sapiragms, shell bono las han rane ey whores 9, ‘ requtod dstonce between sifeners (inches) tino requires web thickness (inches) ‘oment ol era (i?) ‘nig moment of nera doesnot nude etiona requiernonts any frlocal moments. Sét- ‘ener elamonts shal be proparioned tothe provisions of Section 2.23, ‘Web plates shallbesuabe reinforced with fll depth dlaghvagens of tifonars a at major ose pains Detection and Camber ‘The maximum vercal dottion of uncamerad ger producesby the dea load, the weight ‘othoist telly 2c he ratedioad shal not exceed 116000! be span. Varical mers orcs sal hol be considered in determining delecton, ‘Ine maximum vorealdetecon of camboradginors produces bythe vaght ofthe it, al ley and the rated lead shall rot exceed 86 oF te span, Verttal arta Fores shat not be considered in determining detection. ox goers ane single wob gidors should bo esmbared en smount equal le the dea load ‘election ous ene-alf of he ivetaad deiecon Single Web Girders Single we girders include wide Mange beams, sandardl bears, beams reinforcad wit plates, ‘orotersiveturalcorfguatons having a crgle web. Where nacescary, an ually Sirdar ot ‘bie suitable means should be provided io suppor overhanging loads to prevent undue ar ‘ional and teal deflections ‘The maximum sresses with combined loading for Case 1 shal not excee 08g, fension ks) = 066,, Compression (ks) ® +2.99p with meximum 906 0, rey A ‘ere: L= epan (unbraced tena oft ange) inches) ‘AZ alee of compression flange Gi} ‘d= Gopi ot beam ncnes) hese 0356, For cases 2 and 3, proportion stasses'n accordance wth Sections 3.41, 2. ané 3 a1 ) 364 365 ar are ar6 275 38 aaa > 3 sez aaa 2 Box Section Girder Bult of Two Seams Box secton der bultup of vo beams ihr with or without reinercing Henge plates, shallbe designed according lo the same design dala as for box section ger cranes Tor sles al denecton vies oly [BRIDGE END TRUCK ‘The crave trisge shal be cari onan racks deegnad to cam te rated oad wnen te at one end atthe ene bridge. The wheal bese ofthe end vuck shal be Bathe spancr gear End trucks may bof te oiatng ele or bred ae type a specified bythe crane manufacturer The bridge end tucks should be constructed of stustura steel or other sulle mate, Pro- ‘sion shal be made to prevent the ena tuck fom aroprng mere tan one inch in ease of ale {alure, Rav cveops call be providadin tortof each euside whee and shal projet below the ‘op of runway ral. Lose combinations and basic alowatie esses are to be in sccarcanca vith Sectons 3.32.5 meas \Wnan appropiate, equalzer bros racks are to be incorperted ie promote sharing of ricge hoa! beds. Equslzing prs are fo be provides betwoan equalizer tusk and eqalznr beams ndor sas bridge structs, OPERATOR'S CAB ‘The standard lecatlon ofthe operator's eb atone end of the crane bridge unloce otherwise ‘specified. shal beso loened! ae not oinlerfare wih hs hack approach. The aperiar's cab ‘hallbe opon type for indoor corvicauniess cfarsie epecfed. The cab shall be adeaustoy ‘raced oprovent swaying or vibration, but oot so ast fee wth aesess 1 the ea Othe ‘vein ofthe oparair. Al bats for supporting member connections shows be in shear Cat ‘shal be provided wih an auxisie waming device and fre extinguisher. Provision shall be made nthe operates cab for placement ofthe necessary equement, wi lng ara ntings. All eabe shouldbe provided wa seal unless others apecies. For allowable svasses, use sess lvel 2, Section 3.42 ‘The convalirs oftheir operating Nandies sr locatec a shown In Sacon 5.73 forthe oab location unless otherwise specied, ‘The means of access and egrss othe cab shoukt conform to ASME Standards 890 17, ‘STRUCTURAL BOLTING oils designed as high strength bolted connections av to conform fo requirements ofthe *Spociteations for Siucurl Joints Using ASTM A325 0" AAW0 Bolle" a¢ publahodby NISC, fe toad combination, Case, Secton 3.25.1. Zinc causes sess covesion in ASO ard should rot be use, Fished and untoshed bots, ASTM A307, ae © be used at values of 0 peroent of these {abulatedin Por 4 of the current issue he AISC Manvel Seel onstucion lor kod com nalon, Caza 1 Secon 23.251 ‘Alowable bat asses fr load combination Cates 2 and 3, Secone 33.252 and 3 ere te be roportoned in accordance with Sections 3.4.1.2 and3. 44 aaa 14-4 MECHANICAL DESIGN BRIDGE ORIVES ‘The bldg dive wit consi of motor cr motor ving trough a suRable eduction uniter units to Te wheels located at each ond ofthe bridge. 4.1.1.1 When eallod er onthe jteemation sheets, 9 cushioned drive may be provided fostering the 42 424 422 bre SEARING “The types of gerlig shale species bythe rane manufacturer, When worm geting used fortaval devas, consideration shouts be glven toils backing charoteritcs. ‘Al gear and pinion sll bs concvucied of mates of adaquote avength and drabilly to ‘meet the requirements for th Intendod das of service, and mauletued o American Goat Monutsturare Aazociston (RGMA) qually 2ass 5 orboter For the purpose othe Speciation, host goving tenglh ane crsbisy shat be basedon the botsepanerreuiod tothe rated ion. Travel gaorng srength and dora shal be based conte stor name pale raling. Due consideration shallbe given to tne maxsrum bre orev \ihich can be apie othe dive. Aso, consideration shallbe given to he fact tht gesting fot Uravalorwes tare a larger cavion oft avalabe motor irq ban goarng fr hae ves, ‘The horsepower rating ol spar and heal gearing salt be basse upon AGMA Stendard 2001-035 Fundamental Rating Factors and Calculation Methods for voile Spur od Haeal (Goor Teo). For he purpose a is Specication he horsepower forma ay be wren ALLOWABLE STRENGTH HORSEPOWER — *. clasioel era ALLOWABLE DURABILITY HORSEPOWER NEI 7 8,66, eo + [aimee] [Ae ve Py = towel seg heap ‘allowable cuetilty horsepower Pinion speed (pr) Bile comet of pron inches) ‘yam factor (tong and dab) > nelface nigh of he narrowest of tha mating gears load dstbuton factor (strength and curbiiy), icouficent aranase actor (urebty) ‘geemely Factor feng). ‘eomety Factor fray) = domeral pitch ‘im themes factor lowable bending ses for male (ps) (strength "= lowabie caries stes for material) (Gursbity) © Grane cass fetr(strenath) © Grane cogs fetor (eur) bp og2-oOp™Re; 38 4 Ba 424 425 4281 4252 Valucs lor K, Ka, Cu Gy Jr Ky Sd S, cn be determine fom the tntes and curves in [AGMA Standard 2061-098, Ocane toss ator 8, sstabutates In Table 429-2 dS, shall be product of the machinery service facie (C,) ad the ead face K,), [5 C,x} ForG, Felerto Table 423-1 and fork refer tot equation belo. The reaming values pertain ‘ear sze and epeed. = 2(taximum tas) + virimum toad) 5 ‘3 (Maximum lo) ague 423-4 MACHINERY SERVICE FACTORS. Grane Cass & a m2 20 99 These fecors ate not to be used in sing any snole 4252 conmerdalgeartoxss. Alconmerialgestaxas CRANE CLASS FACTORS FOR BF {0 be si20d according ta geerdox STRENGTH HORSEPOWER RATING. Manufactures recommenaations, Grane Case 3. z 7s 8 85 c 0 o 96 ‘Mesns shal be provided ts insure edequate ad proper hbrication an al gearing [Al gearing not enclose in gear cases which may consttute a heard under nxmal operating ‘ontizons hal be guarded wih provision for lsrcaon ana ingpecton| Guards sha bs secure fastened Each guard shat be capabeofsuppertng the weight of 2200 pound parson withcut permanent

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